An Analysis of the Effectiveness of Poverty Alleviation for People Most in Need——Based on the Case Study ofPoor Households Being Assisted in High Moun

An Analysis of the Effectiveness of Poverty Alleviation for People Most in Need——Based on the Case Study ofPoor Households Being Assisted in High Mountain Qiang Villages

作者：Geng Jing

来源：《民族学刊》 2020年第1期

Geng Jing

（Ethnic Research Institute of Sichuan Province，Chengdu，610036，Sichuan，China）

JOURNAL OF ETHNOLOGY， VOL. 11， NO.1， 44-50， 2020 （CN51-1731/C， in Chinese）

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-9391.2020.01.006

Abstract:This paper takes the poor Qiang households being assisted in high mountain villages in the upper reaches of Minjiang river as an example to

investigate the strategies and effects of poverty alleviation for people most in need， and to explore ways to improve the risk coping ability of farmers in poverty alleviation. It proposes that it is particularly necessary to improve the ability of poor households to cope with increased risks， which is an important way to reduce the recurrence rate of poverty and relieve the hidden worries of farmers. The following suggestions are specially noted:

I. Coordinating regional poverty alleviation and development so as to lay a solid foundation for rural revitalization

Due to the backward economic development in ethnic areas， the scope of the poverty alleviation work there is quite broad， the task is heavy， and the people's desire for a better life is strong. Within the context of combining

various measures， we should adhere to formulating supportive measures which link the work at selected points with that in entire areas. First， we should center on an overall strategy of economic development for the counties， and we should do a good job in poverty alleviation and development according to local conditions. In the case of E'bu village， the survey site in this paper， 22 poverty alleviation

projects were implemented in 2016 and 2017. They covered environmental improvement， the construction of transportation facilities， water conservancy facilities， and power facilities， science and technology testing and demonstrations， capacity training， and the construction of e commerce platforms， etc. Groups from the

entire village benefited， something which was welcomed by the masses. As a result， the villagers' sense of gain was improved. Poor households most in need were also among them; they also benefited from working on these projects. That is to say，

the development of individuals cannot be separated from the development of the

whole village， and only through the development of the whole village can we better promote the development of individuals. Second， industrial development is the key factor for local economic development and it is a main way for tapping the

potential of villagers to increase their own strength in poverty alleviation. In order to form industries， the economic development of alpine and canyon areas requires the accumulation of quantity and the improvement of quality. After the adjustment of industrial structure， together with sensible planning， farmers in the local areas planted a large number of cash crops adapted to the mountains， such as green （red） crisp plums， mountain cabbage， and Ranunculaceae （a kind of Chinese medicinal plant）. The income from these crops is much higher than that from corn and potatoes， which demonstrates the result of precise targeted poverty alleviation measures and scientific management. Therefore， only by supporting the entire village and cultivating industrial endurance can we promote sustainable economic development and lay a solid foundation for rural revitalization.

II.Promoting the organic connection between subsistence allowances and poverty alleviation development is conducive to improving both the quality and efficiency of poverty alleviation within the context of social security

We should adhere to the guidelines for prioritizing poverty alleviation. One of the important reasons for the increase in the income of poor households is that they enjoy the policy of subsistence allowances， which plays a self evident role and， to a certain extent， effectively transfers risks. At the same time， measures taken on this basis， such as support for production， and health and

educational poverty alleviation， have also greatly reduced the uncertainty of life， allowing farmers to feel the joy of getting rid of poverty. The policy of providing subsistence allowances and poverty alleviation development complement each other， and neither can be lost. Their coordinated roles can help to build a solid security net. Therefore， making policies or taking actions according to the conditions of the villages or households， improving medical assistance and the social security system， improving poverty withdrawal mechanisms， maintaining the policy of

stabilizing poverty alleviation for a certain period of time， and promoting the effective connections between subsistence allowances and poverty alleviation are all good ways to improve the quality and efficiency of poverty alleviation， consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation， and prevent the return to poverty. For this reason， it is particularly important to “improve people's awareness first while at the same time conducting the poverty alleviation work”. On the one hand， we should make efforts in the publicity for the policy. On the other hand， it is necessary to improve the ability for the self development of the masses through education and training.

III. Making efforts on building well governed villages and creating a cohesive force for poverty alleviation and development

Good governance in rural areas is an important part of rural revitalization， and improving the rural governance systems through integrating autonomy， rule of law and rule of virtue is an important guarantee and institutional basis for rural revitalization. In view of the rule of virtue， we should actively promote core

socialist values， as well as the fine traditional cultures of all ethnic groups， and vigorously advocate traditional virtues， such as respect for elders， diligence and frugality， and mutual help. Villages in ethnic areas are often scattered， are mostly natural villages， and are where people tend to live

together and have close or distant kinship relationships. For a long time， the

fine tradition of caring for relatives and neighbors was maintained in daily life， and this played a role in maintaining the orderly operation of society and the harmony and stability of the family. Due to the restrictions created by natural conditions， communication and information in many places was inaccessible， the level of regional economic development was not high， and some places existed on the edge of poverty. Many fine aspects of traditional culture were submerged， and were unable to highlight the effects of assistance. Therefore， to stimulate the enthusiasm of the relatives around the poor households and give full play to their role is not only an important supplementary way to help people out of poverty， but also a way to stimulate the local people's internal motivations， and concentrate the development force to get rid of poverty and get rich. In view of the

particularity of ethnic minority areas， we should not only make efforts to develop industries and improve people's lives in accordance with local conditions， but also， to the greatest extent possible， establish and improve prevention

mechanisms to prevent people from returning to poverty due to natural disasters and disease.At the same time， we should also take into account the needs of the people's spiritual lives. Only in this way can we consolidate the foundation for rural revitalization in ethnic minority areas and enable the people to live a better life as soon as possible.

Key Words:poverty alleviation for people most in need; efficiency; Qiang villages in high mountains; case for poverty alleviation