湖北省宜昌市葛洲坝中学2018届高三12月月考英语试卷(含答案)

C. realized she hadn’t done enough for the daughter D. failed to have a good sleep every night

27. What is the underlined word “melancholy” in Paragraph 3 similar in meaning to? A. Happiness

B. Anger

C. Sadness

D. Excitement

28. We can infer that watching Toy Story 3 ___________.

A. made the writer know her daughter didn’t want to go to college B. improved the relationship between the writer and her daughter C. helped the writer realize how important education was D. made the writer miss her daughter even more C

It’s a popular belief that a fish’s memory lasts for only seven seconds. It may seem sad to think that they don’t remember what they’ve eaten or where they’ve been, and they don’t recognize you or any of their friends --- every moment in their life would be like seeing the world for the first time.

But don’t be so quick to feel sorry for them. A new study has found that fish have a much better memory than we used to think. In fact, certain species of fish can even remember events from as long as 12 days ago.

In the study, researchers from MacEwan University in Canada trained a kind of fish called African cichlids to go to a certain area of their tank to get food. They then waited for 12 days before putting them back in the tank again.

Researchers used computer software to monitor the fish’s movements. They found that after such a long break the fish still went to the same place where they first got food. This suggested that they could remember their past experiences.

In fact, scientists had been thinking for a long time that African cichlids might have a good memory. An earlier study showed that they behaved aggressively in front of certain fish, perhaps because they remembered their past “fights”. But until the latest findings, there was no clear evidence.

Just as a good memory can make our lives easier, it also plays an important part when

a fish is trying to survive in the wild.

“If fish are able to remember that a certain area contains safe food, they will be able to go back to that area without putting their lives at risks,” lead researcher Trevor Hamilton told Live Science.

For a long time, fish were placed far below chimpanzees, dolphins and mice on the list of smart animals. But this study has given scientists a new understanding of their intelligence.

29. According to the article, people used to believe that _______. A. fish could only remember part of their past experiences B. fish could remember things that happened 12 days ago C. a fish’s memory lasted for only seven minutes D. fish didn’t recognize any of their friends

30. How can fish benefit most from a good memory? They can remember _______. A. where to get food and survive

B. their enemies and fight

D. their friends and help each other

C. where to escape to when in danger

31. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Fish behave aggressively in a fight.

B. Fish can remember more.

C. Fish don’t belong to the list of smart animals. D. Only African cichlids have a good memory.

D

Even when you’re extremely busy, you aren’t using your time with 100% efficiency. There are gaps in everyone’s schedule where they aren’t doing anything important. Even if your schedule has no gaps, there is probably lots of time where you aren’t working as fast or as effectively as you possibly could.

Why aren’t you completely efficient? It’s because time isn’t the limiting factor. If it were the limiting factor, people could work non-stop without breaks or any unproductive distractions. Instead, people, even those who are highly productive, need to take breaks, occasionally procrastinate(拖延) and slow down on tasks throughout the day.

The real and most important limiting factor for productivity is your energy levels to pay attention. Energy levels limit your productivity because when you’re tired, you can have ample time and still not get everything done. Your attention ability is also limited, because even if there are a million things that need to be done, you can only focus on one or two at a time.

You might not be able to insert another 4-5 hours into your schedule without making some sacrifices. But even extremely busy people can add an hour or two into their schedule without cancelling anything. The reason it’s hard to “find time” isn’t a lack of time. It’s because you don’t have enough energy left to focus on something else that needs to fit into your day.

I first suspected time wasn’t the real problem during an extremely busy period in my life over a year ago. I was insanely busy, but at that time I still exercised regularly. I had daily-to-do lists with over twenty items, and I still found time to exercise. However, after a few weeks off, due to illness, I stopped exercising. I was not busy by any standards, in fact, my schedule was incredibly light. Despite this free time, I found it hard to find time to exercise. It seemed to get pushed later and later into my schedule until it was gone. How can I explain this odd experience? I believe you have known it.

32. If someone can’t work with 100% efficiency, the most important limiting factor is ______.

A. a schedule without gaps C. the limited time

B. breaks and distractions D. the limited energy

33. According to paragraph 4, everyone, including the extremely busy people, can ______. A. work without any rest

B. focus on many things at a time

C. find some more time in a day D. do some exercise regularly

34. After a few weeks off, what was the change of the writer’s life? A. He had a longer daily to-do list with over twenty items. B. He stopped doing exercise because of the lack of energy. C. He found it hard to find time to exercise because he was busier.

D. He pushed most of the things later and later in his schedule.

35. The writer gives the example of himself in the last paragraph in order to ___________. A. prove what the real limiting factor is B. show us how busily he needs to work C. explain how important a healthy body is D. tell us what an odd experience he has

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The Importance of Accessibility Awareness

At a recent Teen Leadership of Jewish Family Services meeting, people with disabilities talked about their lives. 36 However, what amazed me most was the great importance of education about handicap accommodations (残疾人便利设施).

One school-teacher who is blind, and a woman who has used a wheelchair all her life are two important members of the National Group for Disabled Persons, devoted to raising awareness about disabilities. 37 These include handicap parking spots, handrails, and wheelchair ramps. One big concern is the people who take advantage of aids, such as handicap parking spaces. 38 And the meeting focused on educating the public.

Some handicap spots have extra room next to them, marked with the “No Parking” signs. “As long as I'm not in the spot, I can take the no-parking area next to it,” some people say. However, the woman who uses a wheelchair disagrees to this. The space exists to allow someone in a wheelchair to have room to get in or out of their car. 39

Some walkways have handrails next to them to help those who require extra assistance. Whether it is a blind person seeking guidance or an elderly person seeking support, the rail is there for walking. Sometimes the rail is blocked, by a parked bicycle for instance, and consequently made useless. 40 People who are informed of the rail’s use would be less likely to mistake it for a bike rack.

Meeting some of the people who are affected by the lack of education about accommodations made me see that there is work to be done. If more people were educated about the proper uses of accommodations, there would be fewer challenges for people with physical

disabilities.

A. Accommodations will vary according to the needs of the disabled.

B. As with the parking spot, this is more likely a case of lack of education. C. They educate about all the accommodations for people with disabilities. D. Improvement must be made so that disabled people can fully participate. E. If there is a car in that space, the handicap parking spot is no longer useful. F. So people without disabilities need to be educated about these accommodations. G. I was amazed to hear about the challenges faced by people with physical disabilities.

第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分)

阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

To me, kindness is a chosen lifestyle. In my classroom, I tell my 41 that every day they are offered a choice. They can’t choose what happens to them, but they can choose how they 42 to it. Kindness is a 43 . And it is a lifestyle. It isn’t something that we just choose once in a while---- it is a(n) 44 to live our lives.

My father was hospitalized with leukemia(白血病) when I was in college. He didn’t choose the cancer. 45 , he chose how to react to it. To this day, seventeen years later, the nurses 46 write my mother letters. The 47 ? It was because of my father’s kindness to others even when he was 48 against the disease. He made kindness a lifestyle.

And I want to be 49 him. Every day as a teacher, I try and teach my students the kindness lifestyle. Just recently, I turned 40 and a friend gave me 40 individual dollar bills. She challenged me to do something 50 with the money. I gladly accepted the challenge.

I gave 40 of my students one dollar each and challenged them to make a(n) 51 . What happened? My Twitter and Instagram were 52 with pictures of kids making the world a better place. One girl bought a dollar store stuffed animal(填充玩具). It was 53 that kids