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英语音标练习题与五大基本句型

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( )4. today clock home row ( )5. pupil

cup

number

Tuesday

四. 根据音标、句意写单词

1. Which is your [’feiv ? rit] doll

2. There is a picture on the wall [bi’twi:n] the two windows .3. Can you [spi:k] Japanese

4. How many [’pi:pl] are there in your family 5. There are many [’? nim ? l z] in the park . 五. 写划线部分音标

train [ ] holiday [ ] year [ ] story [ ]

kilo [ ]

begin [ ] vegetable [ ] because [ ]

great [ ]

every [ ] Thursday [ ] Saturday [ ] drink [ ]

something [ ]

fruit [ ] volleyball [ ] hair [ ]

minute [ ]

六. 填空

1. I have two .(watch) 2. Tell your name .(they)

3. This is a bird . name is Polly .(it)

4. Please put coats on the desk .(they)

5. Are there any in the picture (woman teacher) 6. Listen ! The girl in the classroom .(sing) 7. He often football on Friday afternoon .(play) 8. There some bread in the bag .(be) 9. What about TV (watch) 10. Let me you find it .(help)

11. She is a writer . She often books .(write) 12. speak English and French .(Canada)

13. Tom likes in summer .(swim)

14. Look ! What his friends (do)

15. My house is far from the school . What about (you) 16. Jim and Mike are football .(play)

17. We have some new (woman)coats in the shop today . 18. The boy in Row 3 is writing .(careful)

19. Mrs Green looks (worry), because her daughter is ill .20. They are very (friend)to us .

21. The English-Chinese dictionary is very (help)to you . 22. (walk)is good for you health .

23. daughter is she (who) 24. A friend of (I)is in Grade 2 .

25. There are no between the two pictures .(different) 26. Miss Gao teaches (we)English .

27. My uncle and aunt are both English .(teach)

28. There are four in his family .(people) 29. Do you have the basket (shop)

30. The shop near our school school things .(sell) 参考答案

一. 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. D 14. D 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. D 19. C 20. B21. C 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. A 30. A二. 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. D 6. D 7. A 8. A 9. B 10. C 三. 1. 3 2. 2 3. 2 4. 3 5. 2

四. 1. favourite 2. between 3. speak 4. people 5. animals

五. ei ? i ? ? : i: i ? ? ei e ? : ? ? θ u: i ? ? i

六. 1. watches 2. them 3. Its 4. their 5. women ; teachers 6. is singing

7. plays 8. is 9. watching 10. help 11. writes 12. Canadians

13. swimming 14. are ; doing 15. yours 16. players 17. women’s 18. carefully 19. worried 20. friendly 21. helpful 22. Walking 23. Whose 24. mine 25. differences 26. us 27. teachers 28. people

29. shopping 30. sells

英语的五大基本句型

同一个词类可以在句中充当不同的成分,同一个句子成分也可以由不同的词类来担任。句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有六种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)和状语(adverbial)。

英语句子成分中,有些具有形态标志。如第一人称代词作主语就用主格“I”,作宾语用宾格“me”,作定语用所有格“my”。这些形态变化对分析辨认成分很有帮助。汉语与英语就句子成分表面上看来差不多,实际上有不少差别。例如: Xiao Li went to bed as soon as he came home.小李回家后,立刻就睡觉了。I'll go when I have had my dinner. 我吃了饭就去。

在英语中,同一个主语在第二次出现时不能省略,必须把每个谓语所陈述的对象都表示出来。而在汉语中,同一个主语在句中第二次出现时,就可以省略。如例(1)中,汉语说“小李回家后立刻就睡觉了”,省去了第二个分句的主语,倒可以避免造成误解。若将第二次出现的主语补出来,说成“小李回家后,他立刻就睡觉了”。听的人反而可能把那个“他”误会成另一个人。

把句子的各个成分搞清楚,也就是把句子各部分的关系搞清楚。做到这一点,才可以准确地理解句子的意思或造出结构正确、意思明白的句子。有一点要注意,在分析句子结构时,

应该抓住主要成分。我们分析句子结构,划分句子成分无非是为了理解,或者是为了造句。各种语言有各自的规则、各自的习惯,而且语言是很灵活的东西,发展过程也很复杂,很难把语法的现象都做出明确、统一的解释来。在使用一种语言时,语法应让位于习惯。符合习惯的,有时尽管不符合语法,也是正确的。

英语句子有长在短,有简有繁,从现象看,似乎千变万化,难以捉摸,但从实质看,可以发现其内在联系,找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。

英语五种基本句型列式如下:

基本句型一: S+V (主+谓)

基本句型二: S+V+P (主+谓+表)

基本句型三: S+V+O (主+谓+宾)

基本句型四: S+V+o+O (主+谓+间宾+直宾) 基本句型五: S+V+O+C (主+谓+宾+宾补) 基本句型 一

此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。 这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S+V (不及物动词)

1. The sun │was shining. 2. The moon │rose.

3. The universe │remains.

4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink.

5. Lucy and Mary │get up early every morning. 6. What he said │does not matter. 7. They │had talked for half an hour when I came in.

8. His parents │have worked in the factory for more than ten years.

基本句型 二

此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一

个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。

S+V(是系动词)+ P

1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner │smells │good. 3. He │fell │in love.

4. Everything │looks │different. 5. He │is growing │tall and strong.

6. The trouble │is │that they are short of money. 7. Our well │has gone │dry. 8. His face │turned │red.

附:联系动词(Link Verb)本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。

有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语,例如:

He fell ill yesterday.他昨天病了。(fell是系动词,后跟补足语,说明主语情况。) He fell off the ladder. 他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词,单独作谓语。 1)状态系动词

用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:

He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。)

2)持续系动词

用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如:

He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。

This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。 3)表像系动词

用来表示\看起来像\这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look, 例如: He looks tired. 他看起来很累。

He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。 4)感官系动词

感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如:

This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。

This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。

5)变化系动词

这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. He became mad after that. 自那之后,他疯了。

She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。

6)终止系动词

表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, turn out, 表达\证实\,\变成\之意,例如: The rumor proved false.这谣言证实有假。

The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。

His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。(turn out表终止性结果)

基本句型 三 此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。

S+V(及物动词)+O

1. Who │knows │the answer

2. She │smiled │her thanks.

3. He │has refused │to help them.

4. He │enjoys │reading.

5. They │ate │what was left over.

6. He │said │\

7. I │want │to have a cup of tea.

8. He │admits │that he was mistaken. 基本句型 四

此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。

通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接,当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时,这一介词往往被省略。

S +V(及物)+o(多指人)+O(多指物)

1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress.

2. She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal.

3. He │brought │you │a dictionary.

4. He │denies │her │nothing.

5. I │showed │him │my pictures.

6. I │ga │my car │a wash.

7. I │told │him │that the bus was late.

8. He │showed │me │how to run the machine.

基本句型 五

此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的

意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。 S+V(及物)+O(宾语)+C(宾补) 1. They │appointed │him │manager. 2. They │painted │the door │green.

英语音标练习题与五大基本句型

()4.todayclockhomerow()5.pupilcupnumberTuesday四.根据音标、句意写单词1.Whichisyour[’feiv?rit]doll2.Thereisapic
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