好文档 - 专业文书写作范文服务资料分享网站

[人教版]2024高考英语 第二部分 语法核心突破 第六课时 情态动词和虚拟语气练习(含解析)

天下 分享 时间: 加入收藏 我要投稿 点赞

※ -精 品 人教 试 卷- ※ needn’t have done 做了本没有必要做的事情 It must have rained last night,for the road was quite wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了,因为路面十分潮湿。

You needn’t have taken a taxi here,for it was near my home. 你本来不必打车来这里的,因为这里离我家很近。

虚拟语气

一、if条件句中的虚拟语气

if条件从句 表示现在情况 were) 表示过去情况 had+过去分词 have+过去分词 should+动词原形 should/would/could/might+表示将来情况 动词过去式 动词原形 were to+动词原形 If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你,我会带把伞。

If I saw/should see/were to see him tomorrow,I would invite him home. 如果明天见到他,我会邀请他到我家。 二、错综时间条件句和含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气

1.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为“错综时间条件句”,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。

If we had booked a table earlier,we wouldn’t be standing here in a queue. 如果我们早一点订一张桌子,现在就不会站在这里排队了。

2. 有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示,而是由otherwise,but,or,without,but for等来引导或者通过上下文引出。

Without your help,I wouldn’t have succeeded anyway.

=If you hadn’t helped me,I wouldn’t have succeeded anyway. 没有你的帮助,我无论如何也不会成功。 三、if的省略

※- 推- 荐 ※ 下- 载- ※

从句的谓语形式 动词过去式(be的过去式用主句的谓语形式 should/would/could/might+动词原形 should/would/could/might+※ -精 品 人教 试 卷- ※

如果if条件句中含有were,had或should时,可把if省略,把were,had或should提到主语之前形成倒装,若为否定形式,not不可提前。

Were it sunny tomorrow,we would go to the Great Wall. 如果明天是星期天,我们就能去长城。 四、名词性从句中的虚拟语气

1.用于表示建议、愿望、命令等动词后的宾语从句中

常见的动词有:demand,order,require,insist,suggest,propose,advise,request,urge,command,prefer,desire,recommend等。宾语从句中的虚拟语气结构为“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。

They insisted that the boy (should) go with them. 他们坚决要求那个小男孩跟他们一起去。 2. 用于主语从句中

在It is desired/suggested/proposed/recommended/necessary/important/strange/natural/a pity/essential+that从句中,从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。 It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week. 人们建议会议推迟到下周。 3. 用于表语从句和同位语从句中

在suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea,request,advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气,其构成是“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。

My idea is that we (should) think it over before accepting it. 我的意见是在接受之前我们要反复考虑。

Your suggestion that the door (should) be shut when we leave is reasonable. 你的那个当我们离开的时候应该关上门的建议是合理的。 五、wish宾语从句中的虚拟语气

1. 对现在情况的虚拟:wish+主语+动词过去式(be用were) I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.

※- 推- 荐 ※ 下- 载- ※

※ -精 品 人教 试 卷- ※

但愿我是一只小鸟,能在天空自由飞翔。

2. 对过去情况的虚拟:wish+主语+had+过去分词 I wish you had come to the lecture. 但愿你当时来听报告了。

3.对将来情况的虚拟:wish+主语+would/could/might+动词原形 We wish we would live on the moon one day. 但愿我们有一天能住在月球上。 六、其他句型中的虚拟语气

1.would rather后的宾语从句中,表示愿望,意为“宁愿;但愿”。用一般过去时表示与现在或将来事实相反;用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反。

When my father is upset,he would rather we left him alone. 当我的父亲烦恼的时候,他更喜欢我们不打扰他。

2. 在“It is (about/high) time+that从句”中,谓语动词常用过去式或“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气,注意should不可省略。

It’s high time that we devoted ourselves to environmental protection. 是我们致力于环境保护的时候了。

3.as if,as though引导的表语从句和方式状语从句中常用虚拟语气,与现在事实相反用一般过去时;与过去事实相反用过去完成时。

It seems as though it were spring already. 看起来好像已经是春天了一样。

4.if only引导的感叹句中,用虚拟语气表示愿望。

Look at the trouble we’re in.If only we had taken our teacher’s advice! 看看我们所处的困境,要是我们接受老师的建议就好了!

[解 题 策 略]

1.句型提示法

虚拟语气可以用在状语从句、名词性从句、定语从句中,在不同的从句中,虚拟语气用不同的动词形式来体现,如:if非真实条件句(分三种情形),wish后的宾语从句,It is time that...的定语从句等。所以,掌握了各类从句中虚拟语气的动词形式,就基本上掌握了虚拟语气的用法。

If we ________ the other road,we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A.take C.took

B.had taken D.have taken

※- 推- 荐 ※ 下- 载- ※

※ -精 品 人教 试 卷- ※

答案 B [句意:如果我们走另一条路的话,我们或许能够及时到达这里参加这次会议了。根据主句的谓语动词might have arrived可以推出,本句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,所以if条件句中应该用过去完成时。] 2.特定词汇暗示法

英语中某些短语如:If it were not for/had not been for, but for..., if only..., without等,往往要采用虚拟语气,它们对于解答试题有很大的帮助,掌握了这些要点知识,做起题来也就很容易了。 Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don’t think we ________ it without you. A.can manage C.could manage

B.could have managed D.can have managed

答案 B [根据without you可知,本句是对过去事情的虚拟推测,故用could have+过去分词。]

[针 对 训 练]

1.Had the governments and scientists not worked together,AIDS-related deaths ________ since their highest in 2005.(2016·浙江卷) A.had not fallen C.did not fall

B.would not fall D.would not have fallen

答案 D [句意:如果各国政府和科学家们不一起努力的话,与艾滋病相关的死亡就不会自 2005 年的最高水平降下来。根据Had the governments and scientists not worked together可知事情发生在过去,因此是对过去情况的虚拟,主句用would have done形式。故选D。]

2.George ________ too far.His coffee is still warm.(2016·浙江卷) A.must have gone

B.might have gone D.needn’t have gone

C.can’t have gone

答案 C [句意:乔治不可能走远。他的咖啡还是热的。can’t have done表示对过去否定的推测,意为“不可能做了……”。]

3.I love the weekend,because I ________ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.(2016·北京卷) A.needn’t C.wouldn’t

B.mustn’t D.shouldn’t

答案 A [句意:我喜欢周末,因为每逢周六、周日我不需要早起。A项意为“不需要”;B项意为“禁止”;C项意为“不会”;D项意为“不应该”。根据句意可知选A项。]

4.Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ________ me,I could have helped.(2016·北京卷) A.told C.were to tell

B.had told D.would tell

※- 推- 荐 ※ 下- 载- ※

※ -精 品 人教 试 卷- ※

答案 B [句意:你上周为什么不告诉我你的麻烦。如果你告诉了我,我能够帮助你。根据last week可知事情发生在过去,因此是对过去情况的虚拟。根据主句谓语动词could have done可知,从句应用过去完成时had done。故选B。]

5.It was really annoying;I ________ get access to the data bank you had recommended.(2016·天津卷) A.wouldn’t C.shouldn’t

B.couldn’t D.needn’t

答案 B [句意:这真的很让人恼火,我无法使用你推荐的那个数据库。根据句意可知应选couldn’t “不能够”。wouldn’t “不愿意”;shouldn’t “不应该”;needn’t “不必”。] 6.—What’s your feeling now?

—I am terribly sorry.If only I ________ here yesterday! A.came C.have come

B.would have come D.had come

答案 D [if only “要是……就好了”,从时间状语yesterday来看,这是对过去所发生事情的虚拟,所以用过去完成时。]

7.It’s everybody’s desire that every effort ________to reduce the pollution in our hometown. A.was made C.will be made

B.be made D.would be made

答案 B [desire后的宾语从句及所在句子中的名词性从句,均应使用虚拟语气,虚拟形式为“should+动词原形”,其中should可省略,故选B。]

8.They must have enjoyed themselves there,otherwise they ________ so long. A.can’t have stayed C.can’t stay

B.wouldn’t have stayed D.wouldn’t stay

答案 B [由must have enjoyed可知,otherwise后的情况是与过去的事实相反的,故谓语动词应用would have done。]

9.________ more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Internet games,I would be sitting in a comfortable office now. A.If I devoted

B.Had I devoted D.Should I be devoted

C.Would I be devoted

答案 B [此句为错综时间条件句,从句用过去完成时,表示与过去的事实相反,如果省略if要用倒装句;主句根据now用“would+动词原形”的形式,表示与现在的事实相反。]

10.Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she ________ there, she wouldn’t be

※- 推- 荐 ※ 下- 载- ※

※ -精 品 人教 试 卷- ※

able to see her parents very often. A.lives C.having asked

B.would live D.were to live

答案 D [根据wouldn’t be able to...可知这是将来时的虚拟语气,从句可用三种形式lived,should live,were to live,所以选D。]

11.Don’t handle the vase as if it ________ made of steel. A.is C.has been

B.were D.had been

答案 B [as if从句中,对现在的虚拟谓语动词用were。]

12.Jack is a great talker.It’s high time that he ________ something instead of just talking. A.will do C.do

B.has done D.did

答案 D [在句型 It’s high/very time that...中, 从句中的谓语动词用did或should do,所以选D项。] 13.________ another national referendum(公投) of Brexit be held,perhaps the UK would be kept in the EU and better promote a socially progressive Europe. A.Would C.Might

B.Could D.Should

答案 D [句意:如果再举行一次英国脱欧的全民公投,也许英国就会留在欧盟并且更好地推动欧洲的社会进步。分析句子成分可知,本题为if引导的非真实条件句。根据句意可知本题为对将来时间的虚拟语气,在if引导的非真实条件句中,如果从句省略if则从句需要部分倒装。故should符合题意。]

14.It’s a sad fact of life:lies are lies,and sometimes the truth ________ lie as well. A.shall C.can

B.should D.must

答案 C [句意:这是一个可悲的生活事实:谎言就是谎言,而有时真相也可能撒谎。can意为“可能”;shall表征求对方意见,表命令、警告、威胁等;should意为“应该,竟然,万一”;must意为“必须;一定;偏要”。]

※- 推- 荐 ※ 下- 载- ※

[人教版]2024高考英语 第二部分 语法核心突破 第六课时 情态动词和虚拟语气练习(含解析)

※-精品人教试卷-※needn’thavedone做了本没有必要做的事情Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadwasquitewet.昨晚肯定下雨了,因为路面十分潮湿。Youneedn’thavetakenataxihere,foritwasnearmyhome.你
推荐度:
点击下载文档文档为doc格式
3w7zk73ud50vngk58yua7wp9920czo00zxk
领取福利

微信扫码领取福利

微信扫码分享