一、单选题
1、The purpose of making assumptions in economic model building is to
A.minimize the amount of work an economist must do. B.simplify the model while keeping important details. C.force the model to yield the correct answer. D.express the relationship mathematically. 正确答案：B
2、Which of the following is true?
A.Efficiency refers to the size of the economic pie; equality refers to how the pie is divided.
B.Efficiency and equality can both be achieved if the economic pie is cut into equal pieces.
C.Government policies usually improve upon both equality and efficiency.
D.As long as the economic pie continually gets larger, no one will have to go hungry. 正确答案：A
3、Rational people make decisions at the margin by A.following marginal traditions.
B.comparing marginal costs and marginal benefits. C.following marginal traditions.
D.thinking in black-and-white terms.正确答案：B
4、The invisible hand works to promote general well-being in the economy primarily through A.the political process.
B.people’s pursuit of self-interest.
C.government intervention. D.altruism. 正确答案：B
5、Causes of market failure include A.externalities and foreign competition.
B.incorrect forecasts of consumer demand and foreign competition.
C.market power and incorrect forecasts of consumer demand. D.externalities and market power. 正确答案：D
6、A circular-flow diagram is a model that
A.helps to explain how the economy works as a whole. B.incorporates all aspects of the real economy.
C.helps to explain how participants in the economy interact with one another.
D.helps to explain how people make decisions.正确答案：C 7、When can two countries gain from trading two goods? A.when the first country can only produce the first good and the second country can only produce the second good B.when the first country can produce both goods, but can only produce the second good at great cost, and the second country can produce both goods, but can only produce the first good at great cost
C.when the first country is better at producing both goods and the second country is worse at producing both goods D.Two countries could gain from trading two goods under all of the above conditions.正确答案：D
8、An economy’s production possibilities frontier is also its consumption possibilities frontier A.under all circumstances.
B.when the rate of tradeoff between the two goods being produced is constant. C.under no circumstances.
D.when the economy is self-sufficient. 正确答案：D
9、Absolute advantage is found by comparing different producers’
A.input requirements per unit of output. B.opportunity costs.
C.payments to land, labor, and capital. D.locational and logistical circumstances. 正确答案：A
10、Suppose Jim and Tom can both produce two goods:
baseball bats and hockey sticks. Which of the following is not possible?
A.Jim has a comparative advantage in the production of baseball bats and in the production of hockey sticks. B.Jim has an absolute advantage in the production of
baseball bats and a comparative advantage in the production of hockey sticks.
C.Jim has an absolute advantage in the production of baseball bats and in the production of hockey sticks. D.Jim has an absolute advantage in the production of hockey sticks and a comparative advantage in the production of baseball bats. 正确答案：A
经济学导论习题与答案
