Diffraction separation by plane-wave prediction filtering

Diffraction separation by plane-wave prediction

filtering

Kong Xue;Wang De-Ying;Li Zhen-Chun;Zhang Rui-Xiang;Hu Qiu-Yuan

【期刊名称】《应用地球物理（英文版）》 【年(卷),期】2017(014)003

【摘要】Seismic data processing typically deals with seismic wave reflections and neglects wave diffraction that affect the resolution.As a general rule,wave diffractions are treated as noise in seismic data processing.However,wave

diffractions

generally

originate

from

geological structures,such as fractures,karst caves,and faults.The wave diffraction

energy

is

much

weaker

than

that

of

the

reflections.Therefore,even if wave diffractions can be traced back to their origin,their energy is masked by that of the reflections.Separating and imaging diffractions and reflections can improve the imaging accuracy of diffractive targets.Based on the geometrical differences between reflections and diffractions on the plane-wave record;that is,reflections are quasi-linear and diffractions are quasi-hyperbolic,we use

plane-wave

prediction

filtering

to

separate

the

wave

diffractions.First,we estimate the local slope of the seismic event using plane-wave destruction filtering and,then,we predict and extract the wave reflections based on the local slope.Thus,we obtain the diffracted wavefield by directly subtracting the reflected wavefield from the entire