1、形式一致
主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式 主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式 2、语意一致
谓语动词用单数的清况
1）当名词词组中心词为表示金钱、时间、度量、距离、价格等复数名词时，把这些复数名词看作一个整体。谓语动词采用单数形式。
Twenty-five dollars is too much to pay for that shirt ． Fifty minutes isn
’ t enough to finish this． test
Ten miles seems like a long walk to me ．
2 以 “-s”结尾的书刊名、国名、组织名、游戏名、运动名，谓语动词用单数
以 -ics 结尾的名词指一门学科时，常用单数谓语动词形式。当这些名词表示实际内容时，谓语动词则用复数形式。 这类单词有：
economics 经济学 physics 物理学 mathematics 数学
electronics 电子学 politics 政治学 statistics 统计学
Roots was a novel about a slave family ．
His politics were a matter of great concern to his friend ． Politics is his favorite subject ．
Statistics show that approximately 40 percent of all marriages in the US end in divorce
． Statistics is a subject that is difficult to learn ． 3) 有些表示某类别的总称的集合名词，
My luggage was sent by air ．
The equipment of our factory is all imported from Britain
4) 不定式、现在分词和从句作主语，谓语动词通常用单数：
Playing with fire is dangerous ．
注意： 若用 and 连接两个动名词、不定式短语或主语从句，表示两个不同的概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。若表示同一概念，则谓语动词用单数形式
Early to rise and early to bed is a good habit ． When and where the building will be built hasn
主语从句要根据从句表达的意思而定 What she said is correct ．
如：machinery( 机械 )，clothing( 衣服 )，luggage(行李 )，
furniture( 家具 )， equipment(设备 )， jewelry( 珠宝 )等作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：
．
’．t been decided
What he gave me are five English books ． 谓语动词用复数的情况
1）由 and 或 both...and...连接两个单数名词作主语时，指的是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式( 不可数名词同样 )。如：
Fire and water do not agree． 注意
如果 and 连接的两个词是指同一个人、 冠词，谓语动词必须用单数。
同一事物或同一概念， 则两个名词共用一个
The teacher and writer is her friend ．
2）有些集合名词．如： cattle，folk ，people，police ，poultry( 家禽 )等作主语，总是跟复数动词形式。
The people hope to live a happy life ． The police have caught the criminal ． Cattle feed on grass．
3) 表示成双成套的名词，如： trousers， shoes， glasses， compasses 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
His black trousers are too long ．他的黑裤子太长。 Your glasses are on your nose．
4）表示群岛、瀑布、山脉等以 “-s”结尾的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。
The Philippines are in the Pacific Ocean ．
Rocky Mountains stand in the west of North America ．
5）名词 clothes， works( 作“著作 ”讲 )， goods， contents，the Olympic Games 的谓语动词律律用复数。如：
Clothes keep people warm ．
His works have been translated into several foreign languages ．
注意：若表示 “一套衣服 ”，可用 a suit of clothes 。clothes 不可与不定冠词
a 或数词连用。
若表示 “一部作品 ”用 a work ， “两部作品 ”用 two works 。
谓语动词单复数由名词前面的 词或词组决定的
1）由 “ some of， plenty of ， a lot of ， lots of ，most of ，the rest of， all of ，half of ，part of ， the
remainder of 或分数、百分数 +of+ 名词 ”等短语作主语时，谓语动词常与
的一致。
The rest of the lecture is dull ．
of 后的名词保持数
Half of the apple is rotten ．这个苹果的一半腐烂变质了。 Half of the apples are rotten ．这些苹果有一半腐烂变质了。
About one third of the books are worth reading. 大约三分之一的书值得一读。 Over 30 ％ of the students were absent from the meeting ．
2）由 “ a kind of， this kind of ， many kinds of 和”“名词 +of this kind
等，”以及由与似的 type， sort，form ， part， piece， section
kind 的名词保持数的一致。如：
等构成的类似短语作主语时，谓语动词与
意义相
of 前
A kind of birds has been discovered by them ． Parts of the book are very instructive ． This kind of apples is expensive. Apples of this kind are expensive.
3） “ more+复数名词 +than one 结”构谓语常用复数。
More members than one have protested against the plan．
4）不定代词 “ each，one，no one，some(any，no，every)+body(one 或 thing) 在”句中作主语或作限定词时，谓语动词一律用单数形式
Each boy gets a prize．
Someone wants to buy the house． Each of the books costs five Yuan.
注意： each， all， both 用作同位语时，谓语动词仍应与主语保持一致
We each have an English-Chinese dictionary ． 由 and 连接的两个或三个单数主语前如果有
词要用单数形式。
every，each，no，many a 修饰时，谓语动
Each teacher and (each) student was given a book． Every hour and (every) minute is important
Many a teacher and many a student enjoys the book very much ． many a.../ more than one+ 名词作主语时 , 谓语动词仍采取单数形式
Many a man thinks life is meaningless without purpose ．
one and a half+复数名词 ”作主语时，其谓语要用单数形式
One and a half bananas is left on the table． 3、就近原则
or， either...or...， neither...nor...， not only...but(also)... 等连接的并列成分作主语时，根据就近
一致的原则处理。 离谓语动词近的主语部分是单数，谓语动词就用复数。如：
Either the teacher or the students are to blame． Not only the students but also their teacher doesn
就用单数； 离谓语动词近的主语是复数，
．’ t know about it
Neither you nor I know how to do it ． 4、主谓一致的特殊情况
1）population 表示 “人口 ”，一个国家或地区的居民数目，
当它前面有分数或百分数时， 数形式。
The population of Canada is about 29 million ．
About eighty percent of the population of this country are peasants ．
2）集合名词作主语，如果表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如表示成员则用复数。常 见的这部分名词有： army ， audience， class， club， committee ， company， crowd ， family ，group， government ， organization ， party， team 等。 Our football team is playing well.
Our football team are having baths and are then coming back here for supper.
3） a number of ／ a variety of ／ varieties of+ 可数名词复数 ; “ the majority of+复数名词 ” 作主 语时，谓语动词用复数形式
它作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。
谓语动词用复
population 是指一个国家或地区的全体居民，
the number of( 表数目 )和 the variety of( 表种类 )等 +可数名词 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
(完整版)主谓一致详解超详细.doc
