高三英语语法-动词时态复习
在英语中,通过不同的时态,表示或区别在不同时间发生的动作或出现的情况,要准确地使用不同的时态,关键要弄清各种时态的定义和用法。在近年英语高考命题中对时态的考查是一个重点,所考查的主要是一般过去时,现在完成时,现在进行时,过去进行时。
一、一般现在时
基本用法:
1.表示包括现在时刻在内整个阶段经常性和习惯性动作 The bank opens at 8:00 a.m. on weekdays. However busy I am, I write to my mother regularly. 2.表示人或物基本特征,特性及目前的状态 Now I am busy; I can’t spare time for a holiday. That street is in bad condition, and smells terrible.
3.表示客观真理,科学事实,格言及没有时限的客观存在 Knowledge is strength. Light travels faster than sound. Japan lies to the east of China.
选择:1.I ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.
A.will play B.have played C.played D.play 2.—— Can I help you, sir ?
—— Yes, I bought this radio here yesterday, but it . A.didn’t work B.won’t work C.can’t work D.doesn’t work
1. 答案为D。乒乓球打得出色是一个的基本能力和特征,因此要用一般现在时。
2. 答案为D。收音机不响,反应的是收音机目前的工作状况,故用一般现在时。
改错: 1.Make sure that you will pick me up after work. 2.I’ll see to it that I will return the reference book on time. 答案:1)will pick → pick 2)will return → return 在see to it that… 和make sure that…句型中,从句动词用一般时,表示将来时。
二、一般过去时
基本用法:
1.表示在一个特定的过去时间,发生的事件或人或物的客观情
况。该时态常跟一个表示过去时间的状语连用。如:yesterday, the night before(前天晚上),once(曾经),
the other day = a few days ago, just now = a moment ago(刚才) I got to know him two years ago. He was seriously ill last week.
2.也可表示过去经常性或重复发生的动作或情况。 As a child, I would go to sea along with my father.
China is different from what it used to be.
情态动词would do可表示过去习惯性动作;used to be / do可表示过去习惯性动作或状态。
选择:1.—— Your telephone number again ? I quite catch it. —— It’s 9568422.
A.didn’t B.couldn’t C.don’t D.can’t 2.—— We could have walked to the station, it was so near. —— Yes. A taxi at all necessary.
A.wasn’t B.hadn’t been C.wouldn’t D.won’t
3.—— Come on it, Peter. I want to show you something. —— Oh, how nice of you ! I you to bring me a gift.
A.never think ;are going B.never thought ;were going
C.didn’t think ;were going D.hadn’t thought ;were going
简析:1. 答案A。“没听清楚”发生在对方当时报电话号码那个过去时刻,故用一般过去时。
2. 答案A。根据对话的情景可知,甲乙双方都在谈论过去发生的事情。甲方用虚拟语气,责备自己当时未能步行去车站,乙方强调当时乘出租车没有必要,故用一般过去时。
3. 答案B。思维动词think, know, expect等,时态使用的原则是:表示现在的看法、知晓用一般现在时;表示过去的看法、知晓,而这种思维活动现在已不复存在,用一般过去时。根据对话可知,乙方没想到‘“甲方会给他带来礼物”,发生在未见到礼物之前。一旦见到礼物,这种想法即刻消失,故think应用一般过去时。答案B比C语气强,更符合对话的情景,因此B为最佳选项。 在以下句型中,必须用一般过去时表示将来发生的动作: 1.It is(high / about)time(that)you went bed. 你该去睡觉了。 2.I would rather they came tomorrow. 我倒希望他们明天来。
三、现在完成时
1.表达形式:主动语态have / has done ;被动语态have / has been done
2.基本用法:
1)表示动作或过程发生在说话之前某个过去时刻,到说话时已完成,并与现在的情况有联系。
I have turned on the electric heater(电热器)in the room.
(I turned on the electric heater, and the room is getting warm now.) He has taken away my reference book.
(He took away my reference book, and now I can’t use it.) 选择:The price , but I doubt whether it will remain so.
A.went down B.will go down C.has gone down D.was going down
答案为C。作者对今后物价是否能继续走低,心怀疑虑,而他此
时的心态是由物价下跌这一动作引发的,故用现在进行时。 2)表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始,一直延续到现在。可能刚结束,也可能继续下去。
· · 起点 Now He has been in Beijing for two years.
We have had plenty of rain here since we parted last month. 自上个月我们分手以来,这里下了很多雨。
表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻持续到现在的时间状语还有in
the past(last)few years, ever since, so far, up to the present(直到现在),until now, in recent years等。 选择:—— How are you today ?
—— Oh, I as ill as I do now for a long time. A.didn’t feel B.wasn’t feeling C.don’t feel D.haven’t felt
答案为D。译:我很长时间没有象今天这样周身不适。本句的实
质是:今天我身体状况最差,而这以前情况基本正常,即not feel ill。这种正常身体状况从过去延续到今天截止。故应用现在完成时。
高三英语语法-动词时态复习



