自习课1 实词广场(一)
——120个实词积累练习1解释下列加点
词语的意义。
1．爱
①故以其爱不若燕后(《触龙说赵太后》) ．
________________________________________________________________________ ②见大王爱．
女牧羊于野(《柳毅传》) ________________________________________________________________________ ③吴广素爱．
人，士卒多为用者(《陈涉世家》) ________________________________________________________________________ ④袁有守多惠政，民甚爱．
之(《书博鸡者事》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑤向使三国各爱．
其地(《六国论》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑥百姓皆以王为爱．
也(《孟子·齐桓晋文之事》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑦少无适俗韵，性本爱．
丘山(《归园田居》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑧爱．
而不见，搔首踟蹰(《诗经·静女》) ________________________________________________________________________ 2．安
①不患寡而患不均，不患贫而患不安．
(《论语·季氏将伐颛臾》) ________________________________________________________________________ ②风雨不动安．
如山(《茅屋为秋风所破歌》) ________________________________________________________________________ ③然后知生于忧患，而死于安．
乐也(《生于忧患，死于安乐》) ________________________________________________________________________ ④衣食所安．
，弗敢专也，必以分人(《曹刿论战》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑤时时为安．
慰，久久莫相忘(《孔雀东南飞》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑥敬亭亦无所不安．
也(《柳敬亭传》) ________________________________________________________________________
1
⑦燕雀安知鸿鹄之志哉(《陈涉世家》) ．
________________________________________________________________________ ⑧沛公安在(《鸿门宴》) ．
________________________________________________________________________ 3．被bèi
①成归，闻妻言，如被冰雪(《促织》) ．
________________________________________________________________________ ②幸被．
齿发，何敢负德？(《柳毅传》) ________________________________________________________________________ ③秦王复击轲，被．
八创(《荆轲刺秦王》) ________________________________________________________________________ ④翡翠珠被．
(《招魂》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑤妆成每被．
秋娘妒(《琵琶行》) ________________________________________________________________________ pī
⑥同舍生皆被．
绮绣，戴朱缨宝饰之帽(《送东阳马生序》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑦屈原至于江滨，被．
发行吟泽畔(《屈原列传》) ________________________________________________________________________ 4．倍
①愿伯具言臣之不敢倍．
德也(《鸿门宴》) ________________________________________________________________________ ②独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍．
思亲(《九月九日忆山东兄弟》) ________________________________________________________________________ ③下无倍．
畔之心，上无诛伐之志(《治安策》) ________________________________________________________________________ ④右倍．
山陵，前左水泽(《淮阴侯列传》) ________________________________________________________________________ 5．本
①臣闻求木之长者，必固其根本．
(《谏太宗十思疏》) ________________________________________________________________________ ②摇其本．
以观其疏密(《种树郭橐驼传》) ________________________________________________________________________
2
③王欲行之，则盍反其本矣(《孟子·齐桓晋文之事》) ．
________________________________________________________________________ ④今背本而趋末，食者甚众，是天下之大残也(《论积贮疏》) ．
________________________________________________________________________ ⑤抑本其成败之迹，而皆自于人欤(《伶官传序》) ．
________________________________________________________________________ ⑥此之谓失其本．
心(《鱼我所欲也》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑦本．
自无教训，兼愧贵家子(《孔雀东南飞》) ________________________________________________________________________ 6．鄙
①蜀之鄙．
有二僧(《为学》) ________________________________________________________________________ ②肉食者鄙．
，未能远谋(《曹刿论战》) ________________________________________________________________________ ③人贱物亦鄙．
，不足迎后人(《孔雀东南飞》) ________________________________________________________________________ ④孔子鄙．
其小器(《训俭示康》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑤敢竭鄙．
怀，恭疏短引(《滕王阁序》) ________________________________________________________________________ 7．兵
①斩木为兵．
，揭竿为旗(《过秦论》) ________________________________________________________________________ ②得选兵．
八万人，进兵击秦军(《信陵君窃符救赵》) ________________________________________________________________________ ③自胡马窥江去后，废池乔木，犹厌言兵．
(《扬州慢》) ________________________________________________________________________ ④故上兵．
伐谋(《孙子兵法·谋攻篇》) ________________________________________________________________________ 8．病
①君之病．
在肌肤，不治将益深(《扁鹊见蔡桓公》) ________________________________________________________________________ ②相如每朝时，常称病．
(《廉颇蔺相如列传》) 3
________________________________________________________________________ ③今日病矣，予助苗长矣(《揠苗助长》) ．
________________________________________________________________________ ④从皆嗤吾固陋，吾不以为病(《训俭示康》) ．
________________________________________________________________________ ⑤君子病无能也，不病人之不己知也(《论语·卫灵公》) ．
________________________________________________________________________ ⑥非独见病．
，亦以病吾子(《答韦中立论师道书》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑦子疾病．
，子路请祷(《论语·述而》) ________________________________________________________________________ 9．察
①微察．
公子，公子颜色愈和(《信陵君窃符救赵》) ________________________________________________________________________ ②小大之狱，虽不能察．
，必以情(《曹刿论战》) ________________________________________________________________________ ③向察．
众人之言，专欲误将军，不足与图大事(《赤壁之战》) ________________________________________________________________________ ④又恐汝不察．
吾衷，谓吾忍舍汝而死(《与妻书》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑤前太守臣逵察．
臣孝廉，后刺史臣荣举臣秀才(《陈情表》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑥人又谁能以身之察．
察，受物之汶汶者乎(《屈原列传》) ________________________________________________________________________ 10．朝cháo
①项羽晨朝．
上将军宋义(《项羽本纪》) ________________________________________________________________________ ②相如每朝．
时，常称病(《廉颇蔺相如列传》) ________________________________________________________________________ ③欲辟土地，朝．
秦楚(《孟子·齐桓晋文之事》) ________________________________________________________________________ ④使天下仕者皆欲立于王之朝．
(《孟子·齐桓晋文之事》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑤折戟沉沙铁未销，自将磨洗认前朝．
(《赤壁》) 4
________________________________________________________________________ zhāo
⑥朝发枉渚兮，夕宿辰阳(《涉江》) ．
________________________________________________________________________ 11．曾cénɡ
①同是天涯沦落人，相逢何必曾相识(《琵琶行》) ．
________________________________________________________________________ ②老臣病足，曾．
不能疾走(《触龙说赵太后》) ________________________________________________________________________ ③以君之力，曾．
不能损魁父之丘(《愚公移山》) ________________________________________________________________________ ④今吾且死，而侯生曾．无一言半辞送我，我岂有所失哉？(《信陵君窃符救赵》) ________________________________________________________________________ zēnɡ
⑤是高曾．
时一户者，至曾元时不分至十户不止(《治平篇》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑥所以动心忍性，曾．
益其所不能(《生于忧患，死于安乐》) ________________________________________________________________________ 12．乘chénɡ
①乘．
彼垝垣，以望复关(《诗经·氓》) ________________________________________________________________________ ②公与之乘．
，战于长勺(《曹刿论战》) ________________________________________________________________________ ③独与迈乘．
小舟，至绝壁下(《石钟山记》) ________________________________________________________________________ ④因利乘．
便，宰割天下，分裂山河(《过秦论》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑤三保见敌势可乘．
，急挥帜，曰：“开火！”(《冯婉贞》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑥聊乘．
化以归尽，乐夫天命复奚疑？(《归去来兮辞》) ________________________________________________________________________ ⑦自京师乘．
风雪，……至于泰安(《登泰山记》) ________________________________________________________________________ shènɡ
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高考语文一轮复习 专题8文言文阅读自习课实词广场(一)
