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仁爱英语八年级(下册) - 语法复习试题练习

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注意:多音节词用此结构时应为 more and more + (形、副). more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮

2) “the比较级,the比较级” “越……,越……”

_________________ you are, ______________ you will get.你越懒,收获越少。 注意: the 后是用形容词还是副词。

你越细心。The more ____________ you are. =The more ______________ you do.

3) “the比较级of +二者” “二者中较……的一个”Lucy is the ___________(young) of the twins.

4)表示二者相差多少用 “具体数量 + 比较级”

他比我高一个头。He’s a __________ ____________ than me. My brother is________ _________ ________ than me.(大两岁) 5)表示“是……几倍”时用“twice; three times等 + as…as”

This book ________ ___________ as __________ as that one. 这本书的价钱是那本书的两倍。

He has _________ __________ as _________ books as I have 他拥有的书是我拥有的四倍。 6)区别older / elder与farther / further

older(年龄较老的) elder(指兄弟姐妹中排行在前的)eg. My ______ brother is ______ than me.

farther (指距离“较远的”)further(指抽象事物的“更进一步的”) 1)He went abroad for ________ studies.

2)Beijing is _________ from our hometown than Chongqing. 形、副比较等级还应注意 1.比较级前用a little ……一点儿; much / a lot ; even / still,表示“;……得多 ; 更….

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1) a little bigger 大一点儿 2)much more 多得多3)even heavier更重 但注意:不能在比较级前加so; too; very; quite等。这些词用在原形前。

2.比较级必须是同类事物相比(即as; than后的词应与主语是The同类事物),注意常用漏的代词有:that; those; one; ones。 My hair is longer than _________ (she)

The silk or woolen scarves feel softer than ________ made of cotton. 3.个体与整体相比,不能包括个体,常用“any other + 单数名词”来进行比较。

1)Betty(是个体) is cleverer than any student in her class(是整体). ( × ) 正:Betty is cleverer than ________ _________ student in her class. = Betty is cleverer than ( ________ ) _________ students in her class. =Betty is cleverer than ___________ __________ in her class. = __________ __________ is clever than Betty. =Betty is the _______________in her class.

2)China is bigger than __________ _________ in Africa.中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。 3) China is bigger than ________ ________ _________in Asia. 中国比亚洲任何一个其他国家大。

*4.使用最高级时应把主语包括在围。

Mary is the tallest of all her sisters.( × ) (all her sisters已排除了Mary) 改:Mary is the tallest of all the sisters.

5.表示“第二、第三……”时,可在最高级前加“second , third, …”(但“第一”可以省略用first)Yellow River is the __________ ____________ river in China,

2 句子分析 一、句子成分

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(一)句子成分的定义:有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和_______。

(二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。

Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)

It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)

(三)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下:

1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如:You may keep the book for two weeks.(2)由系动词加表语构成。如:We are students.

(四)表语:表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。His job is to teach English.(不定式) (五)宾语:宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。

He pretended not to see me.(不定式短语)

宾语种类:(1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),例如:Lend me your dictionary, please. (2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补),例如:They made him their monitor.

(六)宾语补足语:英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:某些及物动词(如make等+宾语+宾补)。例如:His father named him Dongming.(名词)

(七)定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示:

Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.(不定式短语)

(八)状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状

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语。

状语种类如下:

1 How about meeting again at six?(_______状语)

2 Last night she didn't go to the dance party because of the rain.(_________状语)

3 I shall go there if it doesn't rain.(_________状语) 4 Mr Smith lives on the third floor.(_________状语)

5 She put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方_________状语) 6 She came in with a dictionary in her hand.(伴_______状语)

7 In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.(_________状语) 8 He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.(________状语) 9 She works very hard though she is old.(_________状语) 10 I am taller than he is.(__________状语) 二、简单句、并列句和复合句 (一)句子种类两种分类法 1、按句子的用途可分四种:

1)述句(肯定、否定):He is six years old; She didn't hear of you before. 2)疑问句(一般、特殊、选择、反意):Do they like skating? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can't she?

3)祈使句:Be careful, boys; Don't talk in class 4)感叹句:How clever the boy is! 2、按句子的结构可分三种:

1)简单句:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)。

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2)并列句:由并列连词(and, but, or等)或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。 You help him and he helps you.

3)复合句:含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含:名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句等。

(二)简单句的五种基本句型

1、主语+系动词+表语:e.g. He is a student. 2、主语+不及物动词:e.g. We work.

3、主语+及物动词+宾语:e.g. Henry bought a dictionary.

4、主语+及物动词+双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语):e.g. My father bought me a car. 5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语(宾语+宾补):e.g. Tom made the baby laugh. 注:其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。 (三)并列句的分类

1、表示连接两个同等概念,常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等连接。. The teacher's name is Smith, and the student's name is John.

2、表示选择,常用的连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。. Hurry up, or you'll miss the train.

3、表示转折,常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while,等。. 4、表示因果关系,常用的连词有because, so, for, since, for等。. (四)考点探讨

1、简单句的五大句型是最基本的句型。在阅读中有时需借助于划分句子成分去理解,在书面表达中,没有最基本的遣词造句的能力是不可能用地道的英语句子来表达清楚的。

2、祈使句、反意疑问句和感叹句是命题的热点之一。有时把祈使句与反意疑问句结合于一体来考查。一个题目,几个考点,是近几年命题的发展趋势。

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仁爱英语八年级(下册) - 语法复习试题练习

`注意:多音节词用此结构时应为moreandmore+(形、副).moreandmorebeautiful越来越漂亮2)“the比较级,the比较级”“越……,越……”______________
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