题型突破(五) 推理判断之文章出处题
A
(2017·无锡期末)
Vancouver
Natural Resources
As a major centre for the global forestry industry，Vancouver plays host to many international forestry conferences and events，and is the natural home of the massive BC forestry business.Companies such as Canfor and West Fraser Timber Co.Ltd，the second and third largest lumber(木材) producers in the world，are headquartered in Vancouver.Vancouver is also a major centre for the mining industry.
International Trade
International trade is a key part of Vancouver’s economy.The city has Canada’s largest port and is one of North America’s major gateways for Pan-Pacific trade.The Port of Vancouver ranks first in North America in total foreign exports and second on the West Coast in total goods volume.
Banking and Finance
The headquarters for HSBC Canada is located in the Financial District in downtown.Canada’s third largest commercial entity(实体)，the Jim Pattison Group is also based in Vancouver.
International Relations
Vancouver is a major centre for diplomacy(外交) and foreign relations.Most countries of the world have consulates(领事馆) or general offices in the Central Business District.In fact，many major diplomatic conferences are hosted by the city—including the world famous G7 summit with President Clinton，APEC，and the World Trade Organization.Greenpeace has its world headquarters in the city.Therefore，Vancouver was among the first North American cities to declare itself a Nuclear Weapons Free Zone.
Tourism
Tourism is a leading industry to Vancouver.Whistler Blackcomb is among the most popular skiing resorts in North America，and was the site of the downhill events of the 2010 Winter Olympics.Vancouver’s beaches，parks，waterfronts，and mountain backdrops and its multi-cultural character attract more and more tourists.
Films
Vancouver is also called “Hollywood North”，for hosting the production of about ten percent of Hollywood’s movies.Many US television and film series are shot exclusively in Vancouver.This has partly been because of the favourable Canadian dollar exchange rate.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大温哥华的自然资源、国际贸易、银行业和金融、国际关系、旅游业和电影方面的情况。 1．Which of the following descriptions about Vancouver is NOT true according to the passage? A．The Port of Vancouver ranks first in North America in total foreign exports. B．Vancouver is a film production centre and called “Hollywood North”． C．International forestry conferences and events are held in Vancouver. D．Vancouver is a leading centre for the global agriculture and industry. 答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据Natural Resources中的“As a major centre for the global forestry industry”“a major centre for the mining industry”可知，温哥华是森林业和矿业中心，而不是工农业中心。故答案为D。
2．Which of the following organizations or events is not related to Vancouver? A．The Jim Pattison Group. B．WHO. C．Greenpeace.
D．The 2010 Winter Olympics. 答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第三、四、五段中分别提到的“the Jim Pattison Group”“Greenpeace”“the 2010 Winter Olympics”可知，A、C、D三项均与Vancouver有关。第四段中提到了“the World Trade Organization”而非WHO。故答案为B。 3．The passage is probably taken from . A．a business magazine B．a geography book C．a financial newspaper D．an entertainment book 答案 B
解析 文章出处题。本文介绍了温哥华的自然资源、国际贸易、银行业和金融、国际关系、旅游业以及电影方面的内容，故本文可能摘自地理书。故答案为B。
B
(2017·江苏六校联考)
Garlic is one of the most common cooking ingredients around the world.Many dishes in Europe，Africa，Asia and the Americas use this strong-flavored vegetable.
Garlic is similar to other bulb-shaped plants，including onions，chives，leeks and scallions.But garlic is special.For centuries，people have used garlic not only for cooking，but also for medicine.
Medicinal garlic throughout time.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Cornell University studied the medicinal use of garlic throughout history.They found references to garlic in ancient texts from Egypt，Greece，Rome，China and India.
For example，in ancient Greece and Rome，people considered garlic an aid to strength and endurance.
The original Olympic athletes in Greece ate garlic to improve their performance.The ancient Romans fed garlic to the soldiers and sailors.
Workers who built the pyramids in Egypt ate garlic.In fact，this is a theme throughout early history—workers eating garlic to increase their strength.
Some researchers in China have gone so far as to call hydrogen sulfide the key to a longer life. ！
In a 2007 study，researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham studied how garlic increased hydrogen sulfide and how that，in turn，affected red blood cells.David Kraus led that study.
In 2013，scientists were finally able to see this process happen.Chemists Alexander Lippert of Southern Methodist University in Dallas and Vivian S．Lin discovered how to observe this process in living human cells.
Their discovery has opened the door to more research into the health benefits of garlic and the production of hydrogen sulfide in the body.
In a 2015 experiment at Penn State，researchers injected a solution that would create hydrogen sulfide in the arms of healthy young adults.They wanted to see what hydrogen sulfide would do to a small area of blood vessels.
The initial findings are that hydrogen sulfide widened blood vessels，which then increased the flow of blood.These researchers plan to continue their research.They published their findings in The Journal of Physiology.
Older garlic may be even healthier.
But let’s leave the laboratory and go to the kitchen.Don’t throw out older garlic that has sprouted.You may have thought that garlic growing light green sprouts was past its prime or old and on its way to the trash bin.
But not so fast.
Scientists have reported in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry that this older garlic has even more properties that are good for our bodies than fresh garlic.When researchers
tested garlic that had sprouted for five days，they found it had higher antioxidant activity than fresher bulbs of garlic.
Also，to get the full effect of garlic’s health benefits，do not add it to food or cook with it immediately.Cutting，crushing or mincing garlic releases the healthy compound found in the vegetable.But heating the garlic or adding it to other ingredients prevents the release of this healthy compound.So cut or crush or mince the garlic，and let it rest by itself for a couple minutes.
So，are there any downsides to garlic？Well，the same reason garlic is good for us and good in dishes—that strong sulfur odor—is the same reason it gives us bad breath.
But there might be a cure for that，too.Yet another study found that eating an apple or lettuce after eating garlic cuts down on the strong garlic smell on one’s breath. 语篇解读 本文主要介绍了有关大蒜的健康功效。 4．According to the passage，which of the following statements is NOT true? A．Garlic can be used not only for cooking，but also for medicine. B．Workers would eat garlic to increase their strength in the past.
C．Garlic growing light green sprouts was past its prime or old and should be thrown to the trash bin.
D．Heating the garlic or adding it to other ingredients would reduce the health benefit of garlic. 答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据文中的小标题“Older garlic may be even healthier.”及下文中的“Don’t throw out older garlic that has sprouted...the trash bin.”可知，发芽的大蒜并没有失去其精华或变质，不应被扔到垃圾箱里。C项所述内容与原文信息不符，故选C。 5．Which sentence could be filled in the blank? A．So many studies on garlic B．Medicinal garlic throughout time C．Garlic is such a healthy food D．Study about garlic 答案 A
解析 推理判断题。下文分别列举了2007年，2013年和2015年的有关大蒜的研究，因此本部分的小标题应为“So many studies on garlic”。 6．Where can you probably find the text? A．In a popular magazine. B．In a story book.
C．In a biology textbook. D．In a health report. 答案 D
解析 文章出处题。纵观全文可知，文章主要介绍了有关大蒜的健康功效方面的内容，因此选D。
C
(2017·运河中学调研)
Hundreds of Chinese officials are to be sacked or demoted(降职) for their part in a vaccine scandal that has added to discontent at poor oversight of food and drug safety，especially relating to children.
Xinhua，the state news agency，said late on Wednesday that 357 officials are to face punishment，with 192 criminal cases already filed and 202 people detained(拘留) after improperly stored or transported vaccines were sent to 59 health institutions.
This is the latest in a string of food and drug safety scandals in a country where parents often import products for infants and babies from overseas to ensure quality.Many remember with fear the 2008 milk powder scandal，in which infant formula laced with melamine(三聚氰胺) caused at least six deaths and 300,000 children to fall ill.
Beijing last month made public an illegal operation in eastern Shandong Province in which a hospital pharmacist and her daughter traded 88m in vaccines that may have been compromised because they were expired or improperly stored or transported.
The China Food and Drug Administration said，however，that the vaccines posed no greater than the normal risk to patients.“We don’t see that the vaccines’ effectiveness has been reduced，” added the health watchdog in a report.
Nonetheless，health officials fear a backlash against Chinese-manufactured vaccines，which already have a reputation for being more dangerous than those made overseas.
Wang Yuedan，deputy director of Peking University’s immunology department，said the key to evaluating risks is to check whether package seals are broken or for pollution with micro-organisms.“The vaccines in the Shandong case don’t have those problems，” he said.
Those vaccines had been subject to higher than normal temperatures that could have lowered their effectiveness and reduced their protective value.But the official investigation showed the vaccines “are still effective”，he said.
Beijing，which publicized the affair almost a year after it was exposed，and several years after it started，appeared eager to show commitment to crack down on abuses by announcing the action，political analysts said.
The CFDA said a system was being set up to track vaccines from production to use.
2019年高考英语江苏专用考前三个月文档：专题三 阅读理解 第三步 题型突破(五) Word版含答案
