. . . .
5.虚拟语气中的倒装句
如果虚拟语气的条件从句谓语动词中含有were, had, could, should，有时可将if省去，而将条件从句的主语置于were, had, should, could 之后。
Had you invited us, we would have come to your party. Were I you, I would do more practice after class. Could she lend us a helping hand, she would do so.
6.wish 后面的宾语从句的谓语动词应使用虚拟语气， 表示“可惜…；….就好了； 悔不该…； 但愿…。”
主句谓语 时态 现在时 表示与wish同时发生 wish 过去时 表示在wish之前发生的动作 将来时 从句谓语 谓语动词的形式 动词用过去时 be动词用were 动词用had done be用had been 动词用would do; should do 表示在wish之后发生的动作 be 用 would be ; should be 1)I wish I knew the key to the answer. 2)I wish I were ten years younger.
3)I wish that I had gone to the football match last week. 4)I wish that you had been here yesterday. 5)He wishes that we would visit the old school.
7.表示命令或建议动词suggest, insist, propose, desire, demand, request, order,
专注 专业
. . . .
command 后的宾语从句中应使用虚拟 should +动词原形； should 不可用would 来替代; 主句所使用的动词时态不限。
8.suggest 为“建议去做…; 命令…”从句用should + do
为“ 说明； 暗示”, 从句用过去时或过去完成时。
1) The doctor suggested that I should take the medicine three times a day. 2) The doctor suggested that my grandmother had caught a bad cold.
9.insist “坚持要去做…，坚持应该去做”，从句用should + do为“坚持表明，坚持说/解释”， 从句用过去时或过去完成时。
10.虚拟语气也用于表语从句和主语从句中，表示间接的命令、要求、请求、建议、决定等，主句的主语通常是suggestion, proposal, request, order, idea 等。表语从句中的谓语动词是should +动词原型，should 可以省略。
11.在主语从句中，当从句用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜等，从句的谓语动词用需拟语气形式。其谓语动词时should + 动词原型， 或should 省略。
三.巩固练习
1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _________ much easier. A. will be
B. would have been
D. would be
C. could have been
2. If I _____ you, I’d join the army. A. am
B. was
C. were
D. would be
3. If he _______ tomorrow, he would find Mr Wang in the office. A. comes
B. will come
C. should come
D. come
4. If it _______ next week , the crops would be saved.
专注 专业
. . . .
A. rains B. will rains C. would rain D. should rain
5. If I _______ it, I would do it in a different way. A. were to do
B. do
C. had done
D. was to do
6. Supposing the weather ________ bad, where would you go ? A. is
B. will be
C. were
D. be
7. If he had worked harder, he _________. A. would succeed C. should succeed
B. had succeeded
D. would have succeeded
8. If he ________, he _________ that food. A. was warned; would not take
B. had been warned; would not have taken C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken
9. If my lawyer _________ here last Saturday, he _______ me from going. A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented 10. If he ______ it, he _______ it. A. had seen; could have believed C. saw; couldn’t have believed
B. saw; couldn’t believe
D. has seen; had believed
11. —Do you think the thief entered through the window?
专注 专业
. . . .
—No, if he had, I don’t believe, _______ broken the living-room’s window. A. he would have B. he must have C. he had
D. should he have
12. —Did you go swimming last Sunday? —No. We would have gone ______ nicer. A. if the weather was
B. would the weather have been C. had the weather been D. should the weather be
13. ______ it ______ for your help, I couldn’t have made any progress. A. Had; not been B. Should; not been C. Did; not been
D. Not; been
14. _______ today, he would get there by Friday. A. Would have left
B. Was he leaving
C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves
15. It is ordered that a new bridge ______ over the wide river. A. should be built B. would built C. will be built
D. built
四.答案
1.D 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.A 11.D 12.C 13.A
第5章 助动词
专注 专业
14.C 15.A . . . .
一.概念:
助动词是帮助主要动词构成各种时态,语态,语气以及否定或疑问结构的动词.助动词分为时态助动词和结构助动词两种.
二.相关知识点精讲:
1. 助动词be的用法
1） be +现在分词，构成进行时态。例如：
They are having a meeting. 他们正在开会。
English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。 2） be + 过去分词，构成被动语态。例如：
The window was broken by Tom.. 窗户是汤姆打碎的。 English is taught throughout the world. 世界各地都教英语。 3） be + 动词不定式，可表示下列内容： a. 表示最近、未来的计划或安排。例如：
He is to go to New York next week.. 他下周要去纽约。 We are to teach the freshmen. 我们要教新生。 说明： 这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。 b. 表示命令。例如：
You are to explain this. 对此你要做出解释。
He is to come to the office this afternoon. 要他今天下午来办公室。 c. 征求意见。例如：
How am I to answer him? 我该怎样答复他？ Who is to go there? 谁该去那儿呢？
专注 专业
高中英语语法大全（全套）
