十年高考英语真题分类汇总：名词
(2019﹒天津﹒T7)We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ___________on our lives in many ways. A. statement C. impression 【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们能够看到人工智能在许多方面已经对我们的生活产 statement“陈述说明”； impact“强烈的影响， impression“印生了强烈的影响。冲击力”；象，感想”； judgement“判断力判断”。故选B。
B. impact D. judgment
(2018﹒江苏﹒T32) Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made. A. assignment B. association C. acquisition D. assumption 【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：试着去理解实际发生的事情，而A. assignment分配；B. association交往；C. acquisition不是按照你所做的假设行事。获得；D. assumption假设。故选D。
(2018﹒天津﹒T6)The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space. A. advice B. order C. possibility D. invitation 【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。A. advice建议；B. order命令；C. possibility可能性；D. invitation邀请。故选C。 (2016﹒江苏﹒T24) _______ —Can you tell us your life?
—Living every day to the full, definitely. A.
recipe
B. record
C. range
D. receipt
for happiness and a long
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：考查名词词义辨析。名词recipe秘诀，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt收据，收条；句意：—你能告诉我你对幸福长寿的秘密吗？—当然是尽情享受每一天。根据句意可知A项意为“秘诀”，与上下文相符。 (2016﹒天津﹒T2)The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was published.
A. out of control B. out of date C. out of sight D. out of reach 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析：句意：这本字典过时了：自从它被出版，很多单词被增加到这个语言
中。A.失去控制；B.过时的；C看不见的；D.够不着的。根据句意，故选B。 (2016﹒天津﹒T10)The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _____ of rain later tonight.
A. effect B. sense C. change D. chance 【答案】D
【解析】试题分析：句意：天气预报说今天会是多云，后半夜可能有雨。A.影响；
B.感觉；C.改变；D.机会，可能性。故选D。
(2016﹒浙江﹒T4)It is important to pay your electricity bill on time , as late payments may affect your ______.
A. condition B. income C. credit D. status 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析：句意：准时付电费很重要，因为付晚了会影响你的信用。Condition
条件；income收入；credit学分，信用（卡）。根据句意故选C。 (2016﹒浙江﹒T8) We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite , rather than _______ us.
A. divide B. reject C. control D. abandon 【答案】A 【解析】
试题分析：句意：当我们学会让我们的差异联合起来而不是将我们分离的时候，
我们就获得很多。A.将……分开；B.拒绝，拒收；C.控制；D.放弃。根据语境，故选A。
(2015﹒湖北﹒T21) When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ___ and had a bad fall.
A. balance B .chance C .memory D .place 【答案】A
【解析】句意：男孩在追他哥哥时，重重的摔了一跤。A项“平衡”；B项“机会”；C项“记忆”；D项“地方”。Lose one’s balance“失去平衡”。故选A项。
(2015﹒湖北﹒T22)He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task.
A. emotion B. talent C. identity D. treasure 【答案】C
【解析】试题分析：句意：他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。A项“情绪”；B项“才能”；C项“身份”；D项“财富”。故选C项。 (2015﹒安徽﹒T30)There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know. A. thought 【答案】A
【解析】试题分析：句意：现在没必要告诉我答案，你再思考一下，之后告诉我。A思考；B支持；C保护；D权威，当局。这里指让对方再好好想想，故选A。 (2015﹒江苏·T35)—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave. —I’d like to, but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my ______ .
A. requests B. excuses C. apologies D. regrets 【答案】C
【解析】试题分析：句意：—Dave，去跟你的妈妈道歉。—我想这样做，但是我担心她对我的道歉不满意。A项“请求”；B项“借口”；C项“道歉”；D项“遗憾，后悔”。故选C项。
B. support
C. protection
D. authority
(2015﹒江苏﹒T32)Some schools will have to make ______ in agreement with the national soccer reform.
A. judgments B. adjustments C. comments D. achievements 【答案】B
【解析】试题分析：句意：为了与国家的足球改革相适应，一些学校必须做出调整。A项“判断，决断”；B项“调整”；C项“评价，评论”；D项“成就”。故选B项。
(2015﹒福建﹒T24)The failure was a big _________to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever. A. blow 【答案】A
【解析】试题分析：考查名词辨析A.blow打击;B.issue问题;C.excuse借口;D.factor要素。该句意思为：这个失败对他来说是一个打击，但是他没有泄气，很快振作恢复了原来的热情。故选A
(2015﹒浙江﹒T25)One of the most effective ways to reduce is to talk about feeling with someone you trust.
A. production B. stress C. energy D. passive 【答案】B
【解析】试题分析：句意：一种最有效的减压方法就是和你觉得信任的人谈谈你的想法。A. production意为产品， B. stress意为压力， C. energy意为能源， D. passive意为力量。此题考查的是4个名词的词义辨析，需要正确理解该句的语义。根据常识可以知道，和别人谈心应该来说是减压。所以答案是B. stress意为压力。
(2014﹒安徽﹒T29)—Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don't have enough money for a new one?
—That's a good________．
A．saying B．question C．suggestion D．account 【答案】C 【解析】saying谚语，格言，名言；question问题，议题；suggestion建议；account账目，账户。“Why not do sth？”表示建议做某事。句意：“如果你的钱不够买一辆新车，何不先买辆二手车？”“好建议！”故选C。
(2014﹒福建﹒T26)—Could you tell me the________ of making such tasty cakes? —Well, I just follow the directions in the cookbook.
B. issue
C. excuse
D. Factor
A．feature B．plan C．cost D．trick 【答案】D
【解析】句意：“你能告诉我制作如此美味蛋糕的窍门吗？”“喔，我只是按照食谱上的说明做的。”feature特色，特征；plan计划，方案；cost费用，代价，成本；trick窍门，花招，诡计。根据句意可知选择D项。
(2014﹒江苏﹒T27)She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful ________ in last year's election.
A．symbol B．portrait C．identity D．statue 【答案】A
【解析】句意：虽然2年前就已遭软禁，但她在去年的选举中仍然是有影响力的象征。symbol象征，标志；portrait肖像，描写； identity身份，同一性； statue雕像，塑像。根据语境可知A项正确。
(2014﹒天津﹒T3)Wind is now the world's fastest growing ________ of power. A. source B. sense C. result D. root 【答案】A
【解析】source 源泉，来源；sense感觉，仪式；result 结果；root根源，背景，根。 句意：风现在是世界上增长最快的能源。
(2014﹒浙江﹒T6)We most prefer to say yes to the ________ of someone we know and like.
A．attempts B．requests C．doubts D．promises 【答案】B
【解析】句意：对于我们熟悉和喜欢的人提出的要求，我们一般都会同意的。request请求，要求；attempt 企图，尝试；doubt怀疑，疑惑；promise允诺，承诺。故选B项。
(2013﹒湖北﹒T21)Poetry written from the ______ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.
A. perspective B. priority C. participation D. privilege 【答案】A
【解析】本题考查词汇和句意的理解。perspective 观点，看法； 角度；priority优先，优先权；participation n. 参加，参与 ；privilege n. 特权 ，权益；重点结构：written from…在句中充当后置定语。句意为从城市青年的角度来写的诗歌更加倾向于揭示他们在缺乏归属感上的焦虑。
(2013﹒湖北﹒T22)Carbon dioxide, which makes a ______ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.
A. difference B. comparison C. connection D. barrier 【答案】D
【解析】本题考查词汇和句意的理解。difference 差别，差异 ；comparison 比较，对照 ; connection 连接 ; 联系，关系 ; barrier 障碍 ; 屏障 ;本题中有一个which引导的非限制性定义从句，一个短语prevents …from…句意为二氧化碳在我们与太阳之间的形成了一道屏障，它可以防止热量轻易逃离大气层，因此地球变得越来越暖。
十年(2010-2019)高考英语真题分类汇总 名词
