华东政法大学2014年博士研究生入学考试英语试卷
第一部分 基础英语试题
Part I: Grammar & Vocabulary (15%)
Directions: Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence and then mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET 1.
1. The governor was ___ by the public for misusing his power for personal interests. [A] sneaked [B] praised [C] flailed [D] rebuked
2. He ___ at his watch before he left the office. [A] glanced [B] glimpsed [C] glared [D] scribbled
3. A recent poll shows that, while 81 percent of college students are eligible for some form of financial aid, only 63 percent of these students are __________ such aid. [A] complaining about [B] recipients of [C] dissatisfied with [D] turned down for
4. The ____ landlord refused to return the security deposit, claiming falsely that the tenant had damaged the apartment.
[A] unscrupulous [B] resplendent [C] divine [D] deceased
5. Moby Dick, now regarded as a great work of American literature, was virtually ____ when it was first published, and it was not until many years later that Melville’s achievements were ____. [A] renowned ... relegated [B] notorious ... justified [C] hailed ... understood [D] ignored ... recognized
6. He refused to _____ that he was defeated. [A] burlesque [B] conceive [C] acknowledge [D] probe
7. The people stood ______ at the beautiful picture. [A] glaring [B] gazing [C] peeping [D] gasping
8. The judge is committed to maintaining a _____ of impartiality. [A] stance [B] motto [C] pretense [D] commotion
9. Dell quit dealing in souped-up versions of other companies’ products, and started designing, _______ and marketing his own. [A] fashioning [B] assembling [C] pruning [D] slashing
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10. This law ______ the number of accidents caused by children running across the road when they get off the bus. [A] intends reducing [B] intends to be reduced [C] is intended to reduce [D] is intended reducing
11. By the time you arrive in London, we_____in Europe for two weeks.
[A] shall stay [B] have stayed [C] will have stayed [D]have been staying
12. Without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion for we need to have factual knowledge _____ our thinking. [A] which to be based on [B] which to base upon [C] upon which to base [D] to which to be based
13. The little man was _____ one meter fifty high.
[A] almost more than [B] hardly more than [C] nearly more than [D] as much as
14. The young applicant is under great ___ at the thought of up-coming job interview. [A] comprehension [B] apprehension
[C] miscomprehension [D] concern
15. The successful launch of the Special Olympic Games has demonstrated that ___
Shanghai iswell on its way to become one of the most internalized metropolises worldwide. [A] imperceptibly [B] conceivably [C] deceivably [D] imaginatively
16.I would rather ______ trouble and hardship like that than ____ by others.
[A] had….take care of [B] have…taken care of [C] had…taken care of [D] have …be taken care of
17.One difficulty _______ the components of economic movements lies in the fact that those components are not completely independent of one another. [A] of isolation [B] in isolating [C] will isolate [D] to isolate
18.Interest on short-term government debt soared to an almost unimaginable 210%, which _____ a total collapse of investor confidence. [A] amounts to [B] equals to [C] is added up to [D] reaches to
19. It’s a general practice for small factories to _____ more workers during times of prosperity, and lay off some when recession hits. [A] take in [B] take over [C] take on [D] take up
20. To ______ freedom against tyranny, our fathers laid down these rules. [A] ensure [B] guarantee [C] assure [D] fulfill
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21. Merdine is her own woman, with an identity from her mother's.
[A] discrete [B] distinctive[C] distinct [D] discreet
22. She gave him back the money she'd stolen for the sake of her . [A] conscientious [B] consciousness
[C] conscious [D] conscience
23. They had the attempt toAnderson to the presidency. [A] evolve [B] elevate [C] evoke [D] evince
24. I’m afraid our food stock will be ___ before long. [A] put up [B] stayed up [C] saved up [D] used up
25. Mr. Morrison has a great ___ for anything that is oriental and exotic [A] vision [B] emotion [C] contribution [D] passion
26. The subways and buses tend to be ___ during the rush hours. [A] overcrowded [B] overwhelmed
[C] overshadowed [D] overgrown
27. Every ___ has been taken to evacuate the stranded sailors from Hurricane Betty. [A] pleasure [B] measure [C] pressure [D] leisure
28. We were greatly surprised by the waythings were done here. [A] what [B] in which [C] as [D] which
29. I __________ to call on you, but was prevented from doing so.
[A] meant [B] has meant [C] was meaning [D] had meant
30. When it comes __________ his wife with the housework, John never grumbles.
[A] to help [B] and helps [C] to helping [D] to have helped
Part II: Reading Comprehension (20%).
Direction: There are 2 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
The Food and Drug Administration said on Wednesday that it is trying to track down
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as many as 386 piglets that may have been genetically engineered and wrongfully sold into the U.S. food supply.
The focus of the FDA investigation is on pigs raised by researchers at the University of Illinois in Urbana Champaign. They engineered the animals with two genes: one is a cow gene that increases milk production in the sow; the other, a synthetic gene, makes the milk easier for piglets to digest. The goal was to raise bigger pigs faster. There has been no evidence that either genetically altered plants or animals actually trigger human illness, but critics warn that potential side effects remain unknown. University officials say their tests showed the piglets were not born with the altered genes, but FDA rules require even the offspring of genetically engineered animals to be destroyed so they won’t get into the food supply.
The FDA, in a quickly arranged news conference on Wednesday prompted by inquiries by USA TODAY, said the University of Illinois would face possible sanctions and fines for selling the piglets to a livestock broker, who in turn sold them to processing plants.
Both the FDA and the university say the pigs that entered the market do not pose a risk to consumers. But the investigation follows action by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in December to fine a Texas company that contaminated 500,000 bushels of soybeans with corn that had been genetically altered to produce a vaccine for pigs. Critics see such cases as evidence of the need for more government oversight of a burgeoning(新兴的)area of scientific research. ―This is a small incident, but it’s incidents like this that could destroy consumer confidence and export confidence,‖ says Stephanie Childs of the Grocery Manufacturers of America. ―We already have Europe shaky on biotech. The countries to which we export are going to look at this.‖ The University of Illinois says it tested the DNA of every piglet eight times to make sure that the animal hadn’t inherited the genetic engineering of its mother. Those piglets that did were put back into the study. Those that didn’t were sold to the pig broker. ―Any pig that was tested negative for the genes since 1999 has been sent off to market,‖ says Charles Zukoski, vice chancellor for research.
But FDA deputy commissioner Lester Crawford says that under the terms of the university’s agreement with the FDA, the researchers were forbidden to remove the piglets without FDA approval. ―The University of Illinois failed to check with FDA to see whether or not the animals could be sold on the open market. And they were not to be used under any circumstance for food.‖
The FDA is responsible for regulating and overseeing transgenic animals because such genetic manipulation is considered an unapproved animal drug. 31. The 386 piglets wrongfully sold into food supply are from ________. [A] Europe
[B] an American research organization [C] a meat processing plant
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[D] an animal farm
32. The purpose of the transgenic engineering research is to ________. [A] get pigs of larger size in a shorter time [B] make sows produce more milk [C] make cows produce more milk [D] make pigs grow more lean meat
33. The 4th paragraph shows that the University of Illinois ________. [A] was criticized by the FDA [B] is in great trouble
[C] is required by the FDA to call back the sold piglets [D] may have to pay the penalty
34. The FDA declares that the wrongfully sold piglets ________. [A] may have side effects on consumers [B] may be harmful to consumers [C] are safe to consumers [D] may cause human illness
35. It can be inferred from this passage that ________.
[A] all the offspring have their mothers’ genetic engineering [B] part of the offspring have their mothers’ genetic engineering [C] none of the offspring have their mothers’ genetic engineering [D] half of the offspring have their mothers’ genetic engineering
Passage Two
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
Three Yale University professors agreed in a panel discussion tonight that the automobile was what one of them called ―Public Health Enemy No.1 in this country.‖ Besides polluting the air and congesting the cities, cars are involved in more than half the disabling accidents, and they cause heart disease ―because we don’t walk anywhere anymore,‖ said Dr. H. Richard Weinerman, professor of medicine and public health. Dr. Weinerman’s sharp criticism of automobile came in a discussion of human environment on Yale Reports, a radio program broadcast by Station WTIC in Hartford, Connecticut. The program opened a three-part series on ―Staying Alive.‖ ―For the first time in human history, the problem of man’s survival has to do with his control of man-made dangers,‖ Dr. Weinerman said. ―Before this, the problem had been the control of natural dangers.‖
Relating many of these dangers of the automobile, Arthur W. Galston, a professor of biology, said it was possible to make a kerosene-burning car that would ―lessen smog by a very large factor.‖ But he expressed doubt that Americans were willing to give up moving about the countryside at 90 miles an hour in a large vehicle. ―America seems
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华东政法大学2014年博士研究生入学考试英语试卷
