自然拼读法(Phonics)基本规则

自然拼读法(Phonics)基本规则

自然拼读法(Phonics)基本规则 1. 二十六个字母的读音(Letter Sounds). 五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u), 每个发两种音:长音（其字母音）和短音 y不在单词开头时,一般被看做元音

2. 单元音单词拼读(Consonant-Vowel-ConsonantCombinations)

如果一个英语单词或音节里只有一个元音, 且元音不在末尾,这个元音一般发短音. 如:Sam, cat, mat, 等等． Ending Consonants

One Vowel Word,Short Vowel Sounds Beginning Consonants

3. 双元音单词拼读(Two Vowel Words):

一个单词或音节里有两个元音时, 一般来说,前边一个元音发长音（其字母音）, 后边一个元音不发音．

如:make,mail, may, hay, say, see, sea, meet, meat, key, five, nine, tie, road, coat, toe, cute等等． 4. 双/三辅音在一起时的联读(Consonant Blends)

Beginning consonant blends (bl, br, cl, cr, dr, fl, fr, gl, fr, pl, pr, sc, sk, sl, sm,sn, sp, st, sw, tr, tw, scr, spl, str)

Ending consonant blends (ft, lf, lm, lp, lt, mp, nd, nk, nt, pt, sk, st) Words ending inll, ss, ff

Consonant digraphs (ch, th, sh, wh)

5. 特殊读法(1)–带元音的特殊读法(Irregular Vowels)

igh, ing, ind, ild, ar, or, oi, oy, alt, alk, ost, old, er, ir, ur, ew,sion, tion, eigh, all, ow, ow, ou, ay, ous, ed, ed (t), ed (d), aw, au, oo, oo

以上字母组合作为整体音节发音。需记住它们所发的音。 Examples:

ar (car, far),air (hair), are (hare), au, augh (caught), aw (hawk)

al, all (all,tall, mall, hall), alk (talk, walk), alt (halt, salt), ay (may, play) ew (new, few), eigh (eight, weight), ed:

u says /ed/: patted, landed, lifted u says /t/: walked, hopped, stopped u says /d/: cried, played, chewed

er (sister,brother), ir (girl, fir, firm), ur (burn, hurt)

ie (field),ing(king, sing, dancing), ind (find, kind, behind), ild (mild, wild, child),igh (high, night, light), ire

oi (oil, boil),oy (boy, toy), old (old, cold), ost (most, host), olt, oo (book), oo (tool, school), or (or, for, horn),

ow (读音一:cow, now, how, bow; 读音二:bow, low, blow, snow), ou (shout, out, loud)

ould (could, would), ough (五种不同的读音:cough, through, ought, slough, plough), ought, , ous (famous, nervous), ue (cruel), ui(fluid)

tion (attention, fiction), sion (passion, expression), ending sounds :ang, ong, ung, edge, le

6. 特殊读法(2)

如果一个单词或音节里只有一个元音,而且元音在末尾, 这个元音一般发长音（其字母音） (Vowel at the end)．

如:me, hi, go, baby, table, humor,hibernate 等等。 Y在末尾 (作为元音处理）（y at the end）:

u 单音节词, 没有其他元音,y发”I”(one syllable word, y at the end (pronounced as “I”)): my, why,fly, sky

u 多音节词, y发”E” 的音(two or more syllables, y at the end (pronounced as “E”)): daddy, mommy, baby,honey, crazy

7. 特殊读法(3) - 固定读音的单词(Sight Word):

is, are, the, a, to, here, hey, have, son, love, come, give, field…… 等. 它们不遵守前边的发音规则,需要死记硬背。 8. 特殊读法(4) – 辅音的特殊读法 有一些辅音不发音 (silent consonants)．

u u Silent b: comb, lamb u u Silent h: ghost

u u Silent k: knife, knock, knob, know… u u Silent w: write, wrist, wreck …

“c”和 “k” 在一起时, 发一个音: quick, black等. “q”总是和”u”在一起:quite, quick, quit, quilt等.

之所以指出这一点, 是在这里u不能再被认为是元音, 而是和q一起组成一个辅音组合. 于是, 在quite这个单词里只有两个元音, 是双元音单词, 第一个元音i发字母音, 第二个元音e不发音.

“p”和 “h”在一起, 发/f/的音: phone, photo.

复数s及末尾s的读音(Plural s and the sounds of ending s) c和g 的两种读音:

u u 如果i(或y)或者 e 跟在c或者g的后边, c发/s/, g发/j/的音: center, cigar, nice, mice, gem, giant, gym, page.

u u 其他情况下, c发/k/,

g发/g/: can, clap, cup, great, glad, got, goat, log. u u 特殊情况:get, give

9. 多音节单词和复合词(Words with multiplesyllables and compound words) 多音节单词: believe,multiple, syllable, compound 复合词: homework,highway, sidewalk, inside, outside

1.自然拼读法的第一步是掌握二十六个字母的读音 (Letter Sounds). 其中五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)发两种音。

2.第二步是进行单元音字母的拼读练习,如: Sam, cat, mat, 等等． 3.第三步, 是固定读音的单词: the, a, is, to, have 等.

4.第四步,是一个单词里有两个元音时,前边一个元音发字母音, 后边一个元音不发音,如: make, made, sea, five, nine, road等等．

5.第五步, 是双/三辅音在一起时怎么联读, 如: bl(ack), str(eet)等;有一些辅音不发音,如: ghost,comb, lamb等;要掌握一下和”h”联在一起的发音: ch, sh, th, wh。

6.第六步,是特殊读法:

单音节词,以元音结尾,这个元音发字母音． 如: me, hi, go 等等 Irregular: ar (car), ay(hay, may, say), igh (high, night, might), ew (new), er (sister, brother), ur(burn, hurt), ir (girl, fir, firm), or (horn), eigh (eight), oi (oil, boil), oy(boy), ow等有其特别的发音．”c” 和 “k” 在一起时, 发一个音: quick, black等.

自然拼音拼读练习表

第一天:a e i o u a_e e_e i_e o_e u_e Aa : mat map bag cat hat fan bat apple Ee:egg well red pen net hen bed bell Ii: lick six bib pig pin kiss ink hill

Oo:ox on octopus box sock operate ostrich Uu:sun umbrella cup bus nut gun uncle under cape name tape lake game make take hate these Japanese Chinese

bite five nine kite mine nice ride side rose nose rope note pose home rode those tube cube June cute huge

第二天:ai ay ee ea ey ie ighoa ow ui ue ai: tail rain paint pain jail rail nailmaid ay:bay ray way say hay pay May lay ee:reeds eel bee peel jeep feet see teeth ea:sea meat peanut eagle peach tea leaf pea

ey:donkey monkey jockey turkey monkeyhockey key trolley ie:tie pie lie die

igh:right sight night tight hight fighthigh sigh oa:road toast toad coal goat boat coat soap

ow:rainbow pillow yellow window bowl rowhollow low ui:suit juice fruit ue:Sue blue glue true 第三天:ar er ir ur or

ar: arm car armchair card cart farm parkgarden

er:sister brother under rooster wintermermaid marker mother ir:birthday circus dirty bird circle dirtgirl ur:turtle surfing turkey fur hurt pursenurse

or:porch pork horse horn fort morning cornfork 第四天:ou ow oi oy au aw oo oo ea

ou:house out mouth count fountain mountainshout mouse ow:cow towel clown owl crown brown flowertower oi:coin oil point noise boil soil poisoncoil oy:oyster boy cowboy soy toy

au:august sause sausage naughty autumnapplause aw:paw draw saw straw strawberry lawn

oo:moon zoo roof rooster boots food spoonroom cool fool boom foolish