课时提能练(二十四)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2019·贵阳质检)Nov. 21 is World Hello Day. It began back in the 1970s as part of an effort to make the world more peaceful. It was created just after the war between Israel and Egypt in 1973. The philosophy (哲学) behind it is: Say “Hello” and stop war.
It sounds like a fine idea, but most of us know that simply saying “Hello” won't bring about world peace. Still, on a smaller range, the simple act of saying “Hello” to someone can make a lot of difference.
This might not be obvious. After all, it's such a casual thing and requires so little effort. You raise your head to someone as you pass by them in the school corridor (走廊), say “Hello”，and then it's over.
Although we might not realize it, a small thing like a greeting can mean a lot to a person. Many people are lonely because they're shy. They find it difficult to communicate with people, even though they want to. It leads to them feeling cut off.
On this basis, maybe it's a good idea, not just on Nov. 21, but every day, to remember to say “Hello” to as many people as we can. The stranger who hears your greeting may secretly smile in their heart. You might even make their day.
Greeting other people is the easiest way to be polite. Politeness is the way we individual humans link up with the rest of the human world outside of our circles of family and friends. Politeness is one of the aspects of culture that make us a society rather than just many individuals living in the same space.
No one said it better than the French author Joseph Joubert: “Politeness is the flower of humanity”. A “Hello” to a stranger is a small thing, and often neglected (忽视), but through it we can make the world better for another person.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界问候日的由来及意义的相关信息。
1．What is World Hello Day intended for? A．Philosophy. C．Politeness.
B．Peace. D．War.
B [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Nov.21 is World Hello Day.It began back in the 1970s as part of an effort to make the world more peaceful”可知，世界问候日设立的初衷是
为了和平。]
2．What has an effect on people most? A．Raising heads to others. B．Doing something casually. C．Meeting in the school corridor. D．The simple act of saying “Hello”.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Still，on a smaller range，the simple act of saying‘Hello’to someone can make a lot of difference”可知，对别人影响最大的是打招呼这种简单的行为。]
3．Why do some people feel lonely?
A．They are unwilling to communicate with others. B．They are too shy to communicate with others. C．They are very fond of living alone. D．They don't like doing things as others do.
B [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Many people are lonely because they're shy...cut off”可知，一些人感到孤独的原因是他们太害羞了，不敢和别人交流。]
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．We should neglect a small thing. B．Saying “hello” to others is powerful. C．The flowers make the world better. D．No one is better than Joseph Joubert.
B [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“A‘Hello’ to a stranger is a small thing，and often neglected(忽视)，but through it we can make the world better for another person”可知，向别人打招呼是有影响力的。]
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2018·福州质检)No one is sure how many Americans belong to reading groups called book clubs.Yet 1. (publisher) and bookstores report that more and more people throughout the United States are joining 2. (they)．
Most of the clubs work the same way.Members read the same book at the same time.Then they meet to talk about the book.Members may be friends or people
3. live near each other.Some Americans belong to reading groups on
4. Internet.These groups include people around the world who communicate about books they read.They send electronic mails instead of gathering 5. (discuss)books.
Most reading groups study books by 6. (variety) writers.However，some groups read the work of a single writer, 7. (usual)one that has been famous for a while.Other groups may 8. (name) for an important person in the work of a writer, 9. a Sherlock Holmes Club.Members of these book clubs often are experts on their 10. (choose)reading materials.One member of a Holmes reading group，for example，can identify almost every person in every Sherlock Holmes story.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国越来越多的人加入读书俱乐部以及读书俱乐部的运作方式、命名方式等。
1．publishers [考查名词。此处与and后面的bookstores一起构成并列主语，publisher为可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故填publishers。]
2．them [考查代词。join表示“成为……的一员，加入”，是及物动词，后面应跟宾语，故填they的宾格形式them。]
3．who/that [考查定语从句。先行词是people，空处在从句中作主语，故填who/that。]
4．the [考查冠词。On the Internet“在网上”，为固定搭配。]
5．to discuss [考查非谓语动词。他们发送电子邮件而不是聚集起来讨论他们读过的书。此处动词不定式作目的状语。]
6．various [考查形容词。大部分读书俱乐部研究不同作家的书。空后的writers为名词，应该用形容词来修饰，variety的形容词形式为various，故填various。]
7．usually [考查副词。空后的“one that has been famous for a while”是空前writer的同位语。usually起强调作用，修饰代词one。部分副词起强调作用时，可修饰名词、代词、介词短语等，如：Even John agreed to come.(修饰名词)；Only she could come.(修饰代词)；He went to the party only because of his wife.(修饰介词短语)。]
8．be named [考查被动语态。此处name是动词，意为“命名”，在句中作谓语，与主语“Other groups”之间为被动关系，且空前有情态动词，故填be named。]
9．like [考查介词。其他的俱乐部可能以一个作家的作品里的一个重要人物而命名，比如夏洛克·福尔摩斯俱乐部。空后为举例子，故填like“像，例如”。]
10．chosen [考查非谓语动词。这些读书俱乐部的成员通常是他们选中的阅读材
料方面的专家。提示词choose是动词，与其所修饰的名词短语“reading materials”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用choose的过去分词作定语，故填chosen。]
Ⅲ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Sensitivity is，for the most part，seen as an overall positive human characteristic.But it's not necessarily always beneficial to an individual.While there are certainly times that being sensitive can be advantageous，there are other times in which being overly sensitive can absolutely influence a person.Here are a few of the things that go along with being sensitive.
Sensitive people are able to see from a variety of perspectives.They almost live vicariously(间接感受到地) through other people's emotions，especially when dealing with people they truly care about.This leads to deeper human connections，as their loved ones will see how much the sensitive person really cares by how they react in a given situation.The reinforcement(加固) a sensitive person gives a loved one just by their response makes it clear that the person truly enjoys seeing others happy.
When things aren't going so well for their friends，they'll feel the weight of the world on their shoulders.Obviously，they just want everyone around them to be happy—but that won't always be the case.While it's obviously reasonable to be upset when their friend is feeling down and they're doing their best to help them out of the sadness，overly sensitive people are unable to separate themselves from the situation and realize the sadness of their loved ones is not their sadness.
Sensitive people pick up on the overall mood of a place or event immediately and instantly find themselves in that same mood，regardless of how they felt when they walked in.This allows them to fit into a variety of social situations，as they understand the appropriate way to act wherever they find themselves.
But sometimes，this is not a good thing.When a sensitive person experiences pain，it's almost impossible for him/her to let it fall away.Sensitive people are incredibly in tune with minor fluctuations(波动) in an environment，so something as simple as a change in volume or brightness in area can have a negative effect on a sensitive person.
【参考范文】
Sensitivity is usually regarded as positive but it's not always beneficial.(要点1)Sensitive people can see things from various points of view，and they want everyone around them to be happy.(要点2)Besides，sensitive people can quickly fit into any social situation.(要点3)However，if a sensitive person experiences pain，it's very hard for him/her to let it go.(要点4)
2020版新一线高考英语(新题型人教版)一轮复习课时提能练24 Making the news 含解析
