英语学习讲义
高考题型重组练(十一)
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
[2019·湖北省调研] In American countryside, the message we hear is this: Go and get an education. Leave your small town and make something of yourself. Success and opportunity are found elsewhere.
After graduating from a high school in Helena, Arkansas, I did go.
I went to Colby College in Maine. I had visited the school ahead of time, so I knew what I was getting myself into. I knew about the difference in weather. I understood the difference in social atmosphere. But I wanted to stretch myself and get out of my comfort zone. And you know what? I absolutely loved my time there. But one thing took me by surprise — the lack of countryside representation. Most of the other students at Colby were from big cities: New York, Boston, Los Angeles, San Francisco... And when I had conversations with these students — in or outside of class — we almost always focused on topics facing large American cities. In my education classes, it was always “urban this” and “urban that”．
It was like small town America didn't exist.
And this urban interest doesn't just happen in college. I went to an education conference a couple of years ago, and a professor — someone who had been at the forefront of educational reform — was there to deliver a keynote. I was chosen to be part of a small group that got to meet with him. So there we were, five or six of us sitting in a room, and I asked him, “What are your thoughts on the state of education in the countryside？” And this man was speechless.
I'll never forget that moment. It speaks to a larger truth. Towns like mine are forgotten.
This trend of exporting talent and resources to our big cities — this mindset of leaving small towns and never coming back — I don't want to add to that movement. I want to reverse that movement.
Now it's my turn to help people younger than me. And you know what? I'm a sixth grade teacher in Helena now.
体裁：记叙文 题材：社会文化 主题：美国的乡村逐渐被人遗忘
【语篇解读】 本文作者通过自己的大学生活经历以及在一次教
好好努力 梦想终会实现
- 1 -
英语学习讲义
育会议上与一位教授进行交流的故事说明了美国的乡村正在逐渐被人遗忘的现象，作者也由此决定帮助乡村中的年轻人。
1．What do people in American countryside think of the future of the youth at home?
A．Secure. B．Fragile.
C．Promising. D．Bright.
答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Leave your small town and make something of yourself. Success and opportunity are found elsewhere.”可知，在美国的乡村，年轻人的就业前景并不稳定，成功和机会都在别处。故选B项。
2．What did the author find in his college classroom? A．Students chatted freely. B．Countryside was ignored. C．He was looked down upon.
D．Students concentrated on education.
答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据文章第三段中的“And when I had conversations with these students ... it was always ‘urban this’ and ‘urban that’．”和第四段“It was like small town America didn't exist.”可知，作者在他的大学课堂中发现大家总是探讨与城市相关的问题，就好像乡村在美国不存在一样。也就是说，乡村被人们忽视了。故选B项。
3．How would the author feel about the professor's reaction? A．It's emotional. B．It's natural.
C．It's positive. D．It's disappointing.
答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段“I'll never forget that moment. It speaks to a larger truth. Towns like mine are forgotten.”可知，作者在教授对于自己提出的有关乡村的问题无言以对时，意识到像自己家乡那样的乡村被人们遗忘了。由此可推知，作者对此感到失望。故选D项。
4．What is the author doing now? A．Teaching in a college.
B．Fighting for the movement.
好好努力 梦想终会实现
- 2 -
英语学习讲义
C．Working with the professor.
D．Devoting himself to his hometown.
答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“After graduating from a high school in Helena”可知，作者的家乡在海伦娜，再根据最后一段“Now it's my turn to help people younger than me. And you know what? I'm a sixth grade teacher in Helena now.”可知，作者现在在家乡教书，帮助家乡中的年轻人，为家乡作贡献。故选D项。
B
[2019·长沙四校一模] The concept of forgiveness has always remained a vital topic in spirituality. In recent years, more and more research has come out proving its benefits backed by science. In a study conducted by the National University of Singapore and Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University (RSM), researchers divided 160 university students into two groups. The experiment began with a writing exercise during which the first group were asked to write about a person who they forgave. The second wrote about a situation where they did not forgive another person and still felt bitter.
After the writing exercise, the researchers measured how high each participant could jump in centimeters. The results found that those who had written about forgiveness jumped higher, on average, than those who focused on negative (消极的) feelings. “A state of being unforgiving is like carrying a heavy burden, a burden that victims bring with them when they face the physical world. Forgiveness can lighten this burden，” the team explains.
“The benefits of forgiveness may go beyond the constructive consequences that have been discovered in the psychological and health fields，” writes Xue Zheng of RSM. “Our research shows that forgivers perform better on challenging physical tasks.”
In addition, the study noted that holding on to grudges can increase deep thinking, which may decrease the availability of cognitive (认知的) resources that can otherwise be used to deal with physical challenges such as jumping or climbing a hill. In other words, focusing on negative thoughts about someone who has harmed us takes up energy that would otherwise be better spent elsewhere.
So if you find yourself carrying that feeling, consider this: By holding on to the pain of the past, we bear that burden on ourselves. By replacing anger with positive feelings of understanding and sympathy for the one who has hurt us, we get rid of the heavy burden of anger weighing on the mind and body.
好好努力 梦想终会实现
- 3 -
英语学习讲义
体裁：说明文 题材：心理调节 主题：原谅
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，不愿意原谅别人除了给自己带来心理压力外，还会加重身体负担，不利于身心健康。
【难句分析】 In other words, focusing on negative thoughts about someone who has harmed us takes up energy that would otherwise be better spent elsewhere.
分析：本句是主从复合句，句子主干是focusing on negative thoughts about someone takes up energy。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词someone；that引导定语从句修饰先行词energy，且从句本身用了虚拟语气，其中的otherwise是虚拟语气标志词。
译文：换句话说，把注意力放在对伤害我们的人的负面想法上会占用我们的精力，而这种精力本可以更好地用在其他地方。 5．What were the second group asked to write about? A．Cases where they got lasting hurt. B．Pleasure they were happy to share. C．Someone who once helped them out.
D．Lessons they learnt from their experience.
答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“The second wrote about a situation where they did not forgive another person and still felt bitter”可知，第二组学生被要求写一个他们不愿意原谅某人，并且回想起来仍然难过的经历，故A项“他们受到持久伤害的情形”正确。
6．How did the researchers conduct their study? A．By comparing information collected. B．By giving challenging physical tasks. C．By holding high jump competitions.
D．By interviewing some university students.
答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据第二段可知，研究人员搜集两组学生跳高的数据，发现描述自己原谅别人的学生跳得比情绪消极的学生高。由此可见，研究人员通过对搜集的数据作对比来开展研究。
7．Which does the underlined word “grudges” in paragraph 4 probably refer to?
A．Appreciation B．Tolerance C．Hate D．Suffering
答案与解析：C 考查词义猜测。结合第四段内容对grudges造成
好好努力 梦想终会实现
- 4 -
英语学习讲义
的后果“increase deep thinking, which may decrease the availability of cognitive (认知的) resources that can otherwise be used to deal with physical challenges such as jumping or climbing a hill”这一描述可知，画线词的意思是“怨恨，怀恨”，与hate意思相近。
8．What does the author advise readers to do at last? A．Be positive about the future. B．Hope for the best.
C．Reduce the working burden. D．Let go of your pain.
答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“By holding on to the pain of the past... get rid of the heavy burden of anger weighing on the mind and body”可知，作者建议人们原谅伤害自己的人，释放心中的痛苦，减轻自己的负担。
Ⅱ.完形填空
[2019·黑龙江省检测]I took an auto rickshaw (人力车) from the town to the medical college where my friend's mother was __1__. As I was __2__ back pain, I asked the driver, a pretty young boy, to ride it __3__. Though I was __4__ some rude replies like how it usually is, he replied “Okay, Sir.”gently and __5__ his word.
On reaching __6__ I asked him how much and __7__ he pointed to a box kept near to his seat and replied, “Put anything that you think is __8__ for this ride.” I got __9__ for a minute and then I saw a label over the box and I __10__ — donation for the needy patients.
Meanwhile, the watchman __11__ to us asking us to move the vehicle. But seeing the driver, he smiled and said “Hello, Sir.” The driver smiled at him and left. Upon __12__ I asked the watchman more about him, to which his reply was this: He's a __13__ here. His parents died earlier. The superintendent (负责人) of our hospital gave him this auto as a __14__ for passing the exams with good marks. He __15__ half of his earning in the first month to __16__ for the auto, to which the superintendent said NO with a smile. He then started __17__ rides to the medical college __18__ or asking people to put the money in the box. At the end of every month, he uses it for the __19__ of poor people in our hospital. I was __20__. I didn't know what to say. I find myself very fortunate to have a ride with this MBBS student who is actually a super human being.
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事 主题：好人好事
好好努力 梦想终会实现
- 5 -
2020高考英语二轮复习高考题型重组练（十一）+Word版含解析
