Section Ⅳ Grammar
动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾补的用法
1．(教材P18)You may find it astonishing(astonish) that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.(宾补)
2．(教材P18)Such training was common in acting(act) families at this time，especially when the family income was often uncertain.(定语)
3．(教材P18)No one was ever bored watching him—his subtle acting made everything entertaining(entertain)．(宾补)
4．(教材P18)He grew more and more popular as his charming(charm) character，the little tramp，became known throughout the world.(定语)
5．(教材P18)He walked around stiffly carrying a walking(walk) stick.(定语)
6．(教材P18)The acting is so convincing(convince) that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted.(表语)
一、 v．-ing作定语
1．动名词(短语)作定语，表示名词的属性、作用或用途，作“供……用”讲，常置于被修饰的名词前。
There is a swimming pool in our school. 我们学校有一个游泳池。
Students are not permitted to speak aloud in the reading room. 在阅览室里学生们不许大声喧哗。
2．现在分词(短语)作定语，表示所修饰词的动作或状态，被修饰词与现在分词之间是主动关系，相当于一个定语从句。单个的现在分词作定语时，放在被修饰词前；现在分词短语作定语时，则放在被修饰词后。
The boys gathering at the school gate are my classmates.
＝The boys who are gathering at the school gate are my classmates. 聚集在校门口的那些男孩是我的同学。
The girl performing on the stage has a gift for dance. ＝The girl who is performing on the stage has a gift for dance. 那个在舞台上表演的女孩有舞蹈天赋。 二、v.-ing作表语
1．动名词(短语)作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为，用来说明主语的内容，与主语通
常是同一概念，表语和主语常可互换位置。
One of his weaknesses is telling lies.＝Telling lies is one of his weaknesses. 他的缺点之一就是说谎。
My job is delivering milk from door to door every morning. 我的工作就是每天早上挨门挨户送牛奶。
2．现在分词(短语)作表语，表示主语的某种性质和特征，这类分词通常可以看作形容词。
The report is very disturbing. 这个报告令人感到非常不安。 The argument is very convincing. 这个论点很令人信服。
作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing...这类分词有“令人……的”的含义，常修饰物。
三、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，表示正在进行的动作或经常存在的状态。动词-ing形式常作以下动词的宾语补足语。
1．表示“感觉”的感官动词：feel，smell，listen to，hear，watch，see，notice，observe等。
I felt someone patting me on the shoulder. 我感觉有人在拍我的肩膀。
2．表示“使；让”的使役动词：have，keep，get，leave，let，set，make，send等。 We won’t have you doing that. 我们不允许你那么做。 3．用于with复合结构中。
I couldn’t do my homework with the noise going on. 由于噪音不断，我没法做家庭作业。
With so many people looking at her，she felt nervous. 这么多人看着她，她感到很紧张。
Ⅰ 单句语法填空
1．At that time, my job was ____________ (take) care of the homeless dogs. 答案：taking
2．Grandma came into my bedroom with a ____________ (walk) stick in her hand. 答案：walking
3．They are planning to build a ____________ (swim) pool for the kids. 答案：swimming
4．The student ____________ (talk) with the foreigners over there is our monitor. 答案：talking
5．When I passed by his office, I heard him ____________ (sing) a Chinese song. 答案：singing
6．With the temperature ____________ (rise), the leaves and grass began to appear. 答案：rising
7．When the little girl found so many people ____________ (surround) her, she felt very nervous.
答案：surrounding
8．When I saw the dog ____________ (beat) by several boys, I came up to stop them. 答案：being beaten
9．The man left us ____________ (stand) alone, unable to find any help. 答案：standing
10．Your task is ____________ (clean) the old car over there on your own. 答案：cleaning
11．Don’t have the lights ____________ (burn) all night.It will waste too much electricity. 答案：burning
12．What the manager said at the meeting was really ____________ (inspire)． 答案：inspiring Ⅱ 单句改错
1．What he said just now is shocked.
____________________
答案：shocked→shocking
2．With so much water covered its surface, the earth looks like a blue ball.
____________________
答案：covered→covering
3．The satisfying smile on his face suggests that he has got the job.____________________ 答案：satisfying→satisfied
4．You may find it surprised that the little girl can speak six foreign languages fluently.
____________________
高一英语人教版必修4 Unit 3 Section ⅣGrammar语法精讲精练(含答案解析)
