英语单词时态变化规则以及读音规则
精品文档
一、动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律
1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s]，在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。如：
①stop－stops [s] ; make－makes [s] ②read－reads [z] ; play－plays [z]
2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”读[iz] 如： fly－flies [z]； carry－carries [z] study－studies [z]; worry－worries
3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为[iz] 如： teach－teaches [iz]; watch－watches [iz]
4、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，读[z] 如： go－goes [z] do－does [z]
5、以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词，如果尾音是[s]，[z]时，加“s”后字母“e”发音， 与所加“s” 一起读做[iz]。 如： close－closes [iz]
二、名词复数的规则变化
___________________________________________________ 情况 构成方法 读音 例词
__________________________________________________ 一般情况 加 -s 1.清辅音后读/s/; map-maps
收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
精品文档
2.浊辅音和元音后 bag-bags 读 /z/; car-cars ___________________________________________________ 以s,sh,ch,
x等结尾的词 加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses watch-watches ___________________________________________________ 以ce,se,ze, (d)ge等结尾
的词 加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses ___________________________________________________ 以辅音字母+y 变y 为i
结尾的词 再加es 读 /z/ baby---babies ___________________________________________________
以-f或-fe结尾的名词多将-f或-fe变成-ves，但有例外，读音变化：尾音[f]改度[vz]。
例：life-lives leaf-leaves 反例：roof-roofs
___________________________________________________
以O结尾的名词，如果不是外来词或缩写就加-es，否则加-s构成复数。读音:[z]。
例：tomato-tomatoes
反例：piano-pianos（外来词） photo-photos（缩写词） 三、英语规则动词过去式变化规则和发音规则和不规则动词表
1.规则动词的过去式词尾变化有几种：
收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
精品文档
1．一般情况下加ed，如watched, planted, watered, pulled, climbed, picked。 2．以不发音字母e结尾的加d，如liked, moved, tasted。
3．以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加ed，如study——studied。 4．以1个元音字母加1个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母再加ed，如stop——stopped。
2.过去式的发音是由单词的最后一个音素来决定的:
1.如果该单词以清辅音结尾,如/k/,/p/等,则读作/t/,例如looked读作/t/. 2.如果该单词以浊辅音结尾,如/n/,/b/等,则读作/d/,例如abandoned读作/d/. 3.如果该单词以字母t或字母d结尾,则读作/id/,例如started读作/id/. 4.如果该单词以元音结尾,则读作/d/,例如studied读作/d/. 3.不规则动词表
Infinitive 不定式 Past Tense 过去式 abide abode, abided alight alighted, alit arise arose awake awoke be was, were bear bore beat beat become became befall befell beget begot begin began behold beheld bend bent bereave bereaved, bereft beseech besought, beseeched beset beset bespeak bespoke bespread bespread bestrew bestrewed
Past Participle 过去分词
abode, abided alighted, alit arisen
awoke, awaked been
borne, born beaten become befallen
begotten, begot begun beheld bent
bereaved, bereft besought, beseeched beset
bespoken, bespoke bespread
bestrewed, bestrewn
收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
精品文档
bestride bet betake bethink bid bide bind bite bleed blend bless blow break breed bring broadcast browbeat build burn burst buy can cast catch chide choose cleave cleave cling clothe come cost creep crow cut dare deal dig
dispread do draw dream drink drive dwell bestrode bestridden, bestrid, bestrode bet, betted bet, betted betook betaken bethought bethought bade, bid bidden, bid bode, bided bided bound bound bit bitten, bit bled
bled
blended, blent blended, blent blessed, blest blessed, blest blew blown broke broken bred bred brought
brought
broadcast, broadcasted broadcast, broadcasted browbeat browbeaten built
built
burnt, burned burnt, burned burst burst bought bought could - cast cast caught
caught
chid, chided chid, chidden, chided chose
chosen
cleaved, cleft, clove cleaved, cleft clave cloven clung
clung
clothed, clad clothed, clad came come cost cost crept
crept crowed, crew crowed cut
cut dared, durst dared dealt dealt dug dug dispread dispread did done drew
drawn
dreamed, dreamt dreamed, dreamt drank drunk drove
driven
dwelt, dwelled dwelt, dwelled
收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除
英语单词时态变化规则以及读音规则备课讲稿
