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2020高考英语词汇学习手册

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上海高考英语词汇学习手册

A

abandon vt. 放弃;抛弃; 离弃;遗弃

[搭配] abandon homes 抛弃家园

abandon one’s attempts/beliefs 放弃尝试/信仰 abandon oneself to despair 陷入绝望

[巧记]谐音:抛弃“矮板凳”(上海语音)

[名人名言]Life,misfortunes, isolation, abandonment, poverty are battlefields which have

their heroes…… ——Hugo

人生、不幸、孤独、被遗弃、贫穷,都是战场,都有卓绝奋战的英雄……——雨果

ability n. 能力

[搭配] to the best of one’s ability 尽自己最大努力 able adj. 能够…的;能力出众的;聪明能干的

[相关词]反义词:unable不能的;enable使……能够;disable使……不能够 [搭配] be able to do 相当于be capable of doing 有能力做某事abnormal adj. 反常的,异常的

[巧记] ab(=away)+normal(标准的,正常的)

[例句] The warm weather these days is abnormal.这几天的暖天气不正常。

aboard adv. 在船(或飞机、车)上;上船;登机 prep. 在船(或飞机、车)上

[巧记] a(=to\\on)+board(板,甲板) [搭配] go aboard/ go aboard the ship above prep. 在……上方

[辨析] over 是在垂直的上方,反义词是under 等;above 只表示在比某物体高的地方,

反义词是below。

adv. 在上面 [搭配]above all 最重要的是 above average 超过平均水平

[名人名言]No man is above the law and no man is below it; nor do we ask any man’s permission when we ask him to obey it.---Roosevelt 没有人可居法律之上,也没有人屈居法律之下;我们要求人遵守法律,而不必非征得他同意。---罗斯福

absence n. 不在,缺席;缺乏,不存在

[巧记] ab(=away)+sence(在场的)

[例句] Speak no ill of one in one’s absence.别在人家背后说坏话。

[名人名言]Courage is resistance to fear,mastery of fear——not absence of fear.——Mark

Twain

勇敢是抵制恐惧,克服恐惧,而非没有恐惧。——马克·吐温 absent adj. 缺席的, 缺乏的 [相关词]反义词: present

[搭配] be absent from 缺席 absent-minded 心不在焉的 be absent from class(不在课上)/be absent in class (不在这里,在课上) absolute adj. 绝对的,完全的;不容置疑的 [搭配] an absolute idiot 十足的傻瓜 absolute power 绝对的权利 absolutely adv. 完全地;极其

[相关词] 近义词:completely, entirely, totally, extremely

[例句] What Prime Minister expressed was absolutely wrong.首相表达的是完全错误的。 [名人名言] I never blame failures---there are too many complicated situations in life, but I am absolutely merciless toward lack of effort.---Fitzgerald

我从不责备失败----生活中的情况错综复杂;但是对于不肯努力,我决不讲情面。---菲茨杰拉尔德

absorb vt. 吸收,接受;把…并入;吸引(注意力,精力等) [巧记] ab(=away)+sorb(吸收)

[搭配] be absorbed in reading 专心致志于读书

[相关] be lost in; concentrate one’s attention/ mind on;focus one’s mind/ attention on

[例句] The more curious you are about things around you , the easier it is for you to absorb knowledge.

[名人名言]It is easier to buy books than to read them, and easier to read them than to absorb them. ——Osler

买书没有读书难,读书没有吸收它难。——奥斯勒

abstract adj. 抽象的

[巧记] abs(=away)+tract(拖、拉、抽) [搭配]an abstract noun抽象名词 n. 摘要,梗概 [相关词]反义词:concrete academic adj. 学校的,学术的

[搭配] academic freedom/an academic title/ academic degree/ academic accomplishments 学术自由/学术头衔/学位/学术成就

accept v. 接受,认可 adj. acceptable 可以接受的 [巧记] ac(加强)+cept(=take 拿,取)

[辨析]receive 表示“收到”,而accept 表示“接受”,其反义词为refuse I received his invitation yesterday but I did not accept it. 昨天我受到了他的邀请,但是没有接受。 admit 表示“接纳”,“吸收”某人加入某一组织,团体等 Soon he was admitted to British citizenship. 不久之后他便被接受为英国公民。

[名人名言]Whatever you do, you must accept your consequences of your action.——Aesop

无论干什么事,都必须承担其后果。——伊索

access n. 通道;接近;接近的机会;享用权

[巧记] ac(=to)+cess(走,行)(access原为通道义)

[搭配]have/get/gain acess to 获得,有(使用,接近)……的权利 [例句] On the Internet we have acess to varieties of information.

[名人名言]A capacity and taste for reading gives acess to whatever has been discovered by

others. ——Lincoln

读书的能力和兴趣,使我们有机会知道别人已经发现的一切事物。——林肯 accessible adj 易接近的,可进入的 [搭配]be accessible to

[例句] The island is accessible only by boat. 只有乘船才能到这个小岛。 Tibet is now accessible by rail. 现在去西臧可以乘火车。

[名人名言]Talk is by far the most accessible of pleasures. It costs nothing in money, it is all profit, it completes our education, and founds and fosters our friendship------ ---Stevenson

谈话是一种最容易得到的快乐。这种事情不需花费分文,全是利益,可以补足我们的教育,建立并促进我们的友谊------- 史蒂文森

accident n. 事故,意外事件

[搭配] by accident 意外地= by chance traffic accident 车祸,交通事故 accidentally adv. 意外地

accommodation n. 住处,膳宿,方便设施

[巧记]谐音:爱客没弹性(上海语音)

[例句]Dajing High School can provide accommodation for only a few students.大境中学现

在只能向一部分同学提供住宿。

accompany vt. 陪伴,陪同,为……伴奏,伴唱

[巧记] ac加强,com共同,pan平底锅company即一个锅里吃饭的人,伙伴,公司 [例句] Can you accompany me to Europe during the following summer vacation? [名人名言]They are never alone accompanied with noble thoughts.——Sidney 思想高尚的人永不寂寞。——西德尼 accomplish vt. 实行,完成

[搭配] accomplish one’s purpose/wonders/nothing实现了目的/实现了奇迹/一事无成

[名人名言]I don’t wait for moods.You accompalish nothing if you do that.——Pearl Buck 我从不等兴趣来临。如果你一味等待,就将一事无成。——赛珍珠 [相关词] 近义词: complete, finish, achieve, fulfil

accomplishment n. 成就

according adv. 按照;根据

[搭配] according to 根据 accordingly adv. 相应地

account n.记述,描述,报告;账,帐户; 解释 v. 报账,提出理由

2020高考英语词汇学习手册

上海高考英语词汇学习手册Aabandonvt.放弃;抛弃;离弃;遗弃[搭配]abandonhomes抛弃家园abandonone’sattempts/beliefs放弃尝试/信仰abandononese
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