2024年春人教新目标英语八年级下册
Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?
Section A
1. 世界上最高的山是什么?
What’s the highest mountain in the world?
1) the highest mountain最高的山 adj的最高级 2) high adj. 高的 high—higher--highest 3) in the world 世界上
2. 在英语中表示” 事物的长宽高” 等时, 其表达方式是
数字 (基数词)+ 表示度量的名词+ adj. 1) 表示度量的名词有: meter, kilometer, foot
2) adj 有: 长的long, 宽的 wide, 高的high, tall ; 深的 deep, 3) 1025米深=1025 meters deep deep—deeper--deepest 4) 6671千米长 = 6671 kilometers long long—longer-- longest 5) 8843.43 米高= 8843.43 meters high
6) 1.8 米高= 1.8 meters tall tall—taller--tallest 3. 面积大约960万平方千米
about 9,600,000 square kilometers in size 1) in size 在尺寸上, 在面积上 in +名词
2) in depth 在深度上 in width 在广度上 in length 在长度上 4. 珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何一座山都高.
Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world. 1) higher than 形容词的比较级, than 是标志词
2) 其他任何一个 any other +可数名词单数, 表示在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他人或物
3) He is taller than any other boy in his class.= He is the tallest boy in his class. 他比班里其他任何一个男生都高, 同义句, 他是班上最高的男生. 4)= Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. 5. 世界上最大的沙漠 the biggest desert in the world
1
在所有咸水湖中最深的 the deepest of all the salt lakes 咸水湖 the salt lakes
最长的河流 the longest river long—longer-- longest
6. 中国是世界上人口最多的国家. China has the biggest population in the world. 1) population 是一个集体名词, 意思是:人口, 人口数量, 常与the连用, 单独作主语时谓语动词常用三单
2) 表示人口多少用large 或small
3) 询问人口用: What’s the population of…? 4) 某地有多少人口用:have/has a population of +数字
7. 它比美国的人口要多得多. It’s a lot bigger than the population of the US. 1) a lot来修饰比较级bigger
2) much, even, still, far, a little, a lot, a bit一共7个, 都可以修饰比较级 8. 它比美国的历史长得多. It has a much longer history than the US. 1) much 来修饰比较级longer 2) have a long history 有着悠久的历史
9. 中国几乎和美国一样大, 它是亚洲最大的国家.
China is almost as big as the US, and it is the biggest country in Asia. 1) as…as,中间是形容词或副词原级 和…一样… 2) country n. 国家 可数名词 countries 10. 你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一?
Do you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world? 1) 宾语从句, 从句用陈述语序
2) one of + the +形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数 最……之一 one of the biggest countries 最大的国家之一
one of the oldest cities 最古老的城市之一
3) “one of + the +形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数”作主语时, 谓语动词用单数 11. Feel free to ask me anything on today’s Great Wall tour.针对今天的长城之旅,大家可以自由提问我任何问题。
1) tour n 旅行 → tourist n 旅游者 tour guide 导游
2) travel v 旅行 → traveller n 旅游者→ travelling adj. 旅行的
travel to … 到……旅行 travel all over the world. 周游世界 3) feel free to do sth (可以)随便做某事
12. 长城有多长? How long is the wall? how high, how wide, how deep 1) how long 提问物体的长度或时间的长短
对长度提问— How long is the table?— About 1.2 meters. 对时间提问,常用for或since引导的时间状语来回答。 — How long does it take you to do your homework in the evening? — For two hours. 晚上做作业花了你多长时间? 2个小时.
13. 这让它成为了世界上最长的墙. This makes it the longest wall in the world. 14. Wow,that’s amazing! 哇, 真令人吃惊! 【解析】amazing adj. 惊人的,令人吃惊的
15. 为什么古代的皇帝们建造这堵墙? Why did the ancient emperors build the wall? 1) 古代的 ancient adj.
2) build v. 建造 过: built n. building 建筑物 16. 主要原因是保护他们那部分的国土.
The main reason was to protect their part of the country. 1) the main reason 主要原因
2) protect v. “保护” We should protect children. 3) Protect sb./ sth from (doing sth)保护某人/ 某物使其不受…… Protect your eyes from the sun. 不要让阳光伤害你的眼睛。
17. As you can see , it’s quite tall and wide. 正如你所看到的,长城非常高,也非常宽广。 【解析】as ① conj.像……一样,正如 (用来引导状语从句) I was surprised as he opened the door. ② prep. 作为 I get job as a teacher.
18. As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as this. 据我所知,没有任何一个人造物有长城这么长。 1) as far as I know据我所知
as far as “就......来说,至于......” , 引导状语从句,强调范围或程度,常与动词know, see,等连用,可放在句首或句中。 as far as I can remember 据我所记得的 as far as I can see 依我所见
2) 人造物体 man-made objects
2
19. 世界上最危险的山 the most dangerous mountain 形容词的最高级 danger n. 危险 (be) in danger 处于危险之中 (be) in great danger 处于极大危险之中 (be) out of danger 脱离危险
20. one of + the +形容词最高级+ 名词复数 ……之一 此结构作主语时, 谓语动词用单数
1) one of the world’s most dangerous sports 世界上最危险的运动之一 2) one of the most popular places 最受欢迎的地方之一 3) one of the main reasons 一个主要的原因 21. mountain climbing 登山运动 名词性短语 climb mountains 爬山 动词短语
22. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. 喜马拉雅山绵延在中国西南部。
1) 谓语: run along 绵延 2) southwestern 西南方向的
3) 类似用法: western adj. 西方的 eastern adj. 东方的
23. Of all the mountains , Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous.在所有的山峰中, 珠穆朗玛峰最高,最有名。
【解析】 famous = well – know adj. 著名的, 有名的
1) be famous for 因……而著名 (某人因某种知识、技能或特征而出名) China is famous for the Great Wall and Pandas
2) be famous as 作为…….而出名 (某人以某种身份而出名) Lu Xun was famous as a writer.
24. 它高达8844.43米, 因此珠穆朗玛峰是非常危险去攀登的. It is 8,844.43 meters high and so is very dangerous to climb. 1) 8,844.43 meters high 8844.43米高 2) to climb 作定语修饰 dangerous
25. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. (比这) 更严重的困难包括冰冻的天气条件和强烈的暴风雨。
1) 主语: more serious difficulties 谓语: include
2) include v 包括 → including prep 包括(放在被包括的对象之前) 3) freezing adj. 冻冰的;结冰的
freeze v Today it is freezing cold.
4) condition 条件;状况
out of condition 不健康,身体不好;in good condition 情况良好;完好
26. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 并且越接近顶部呼吸越困难。 1) It’s 句型
2) take in 吸入; 吞入(体内) take after(外貌)相像 take away 拿开 take down 写下,记下 take off 起飞;脱下 take it easy 别紧张 take pictures照相 take care of 照顾,照料 3) as 当……时候
27. 在1953年5月29日, 首次登上山顶的是丹增诺尔盖和埃德蒙希拉里.
The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May29,1953.
1) 主语: the first people
2) 第一个做……的人 the first… to do sth
第一个完成作业的人 the first person to finish the homework
28. The first Chinese team did so in 1960 , while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. 1960年第一支中国登山队登上了顶峰,1975年日本的田部井淳子成为第一个成功登上顶峰的女子。
1) while conj. 然而 (连接并列句) He is a worker while I am a doctor. conj . 当......的时候,(引导时间状语从句) While I was doing my homework ,my mother came in . 2) 第一个成功地女士 the first woman to succeed 3) succeed v. 成功
4) succeed in doing sth 成功地做某事
5) succeed v 成功,达到 → success n 成功
→successful adj. 成功的→successfully adv成功地
3
29. Why do so many climbers risk their lives? 为什么这么多登山者愿意冒生命危险? 1) climber n. 登山者 攀登者 可数名词climbers 2) risk one’s life to do sth 某人舍命做某事
There is a risk of sth/ doing sth 有(做)某事的危险 take risks 冒险
30. One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 最主要的原因之一是因为人们在面临困难的时候想挑战自我。 1) challenge v/n 挑战 challenge oneself 挑战某人
face a challenge 面临挑战challenge sb. to sth向某人挑战 He challenged me to a race.他向我挑战赛跑。challenge sb. to do sth 向某人挑战…… 2) in the face of 面对(问题、困难等)
They showed courage in the face of danger. 面对危险他们表现出了勇气。
31. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 这些登山者们的精神告诉我们, 我们应该从不放弃实现自己的梦想。 1) 主语: the spirit 精神 谓语: shows
2) 这些登山者们的精神 the spirit of these climbers 3) 放弃做某事 give up doing sth
4)achieve v 获得;达到; 实现 → achievement n 完成; 成绩 achieve one’s dream = one’s dream comes true实现某人的梦想 词条 是否接宾语 用法 achieve 是 主语一般为“人” come true 否 主语一般是“梦想;理想” 32. It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature.它还告诉我们, 人类有时候比自然的力量更强大。
1) human n 人;人类 No human could live like this .没有人能这样生活。 2)force ① n 力量; the forces of ….的力量 The force of human is great.
② V. 迫使;强迫
force sb. to do sth 强迫某人做某事Nobody can force me to do something. 3) nature 不可数名词 “自然界;大自然”