In 2016 County Economic workshop Shang of speech comrade are: this county economic workshop of main task is, full implement implementation Central, and provincial, and municipal economic workshop and province party main leaders seminar spirit, recalled summary results, analysijudge situation, arrangements deployment new annual focus work task, mobilization County upper and lower further grasp new normal, implementation new concept, temper new style, show new as, struggled to advance County economic social transformation upgrade science development. Following, told four a aspects of problem: a, and full certainly results, effective firm transformation upgrade of confidence and determination 2015, face macroeconomic down pressure continued increased of severe situation and difficult heavy of reform development task, County upper and lower tight at Central and provinces series major decision deployment, firmly grasp stability in the seeking into total tone, activeadapted economic development new normal, focused focus field, full work storming, County economic social development rendering out contrarian to good, and stability in the has into, and more points breakthrough, and Overall a good trend. One is closely linked to the transformation and upgrading of the global, comprehensive economic power significantly. Accurately gauge the macro situation and based on real comprehensive plan, strongly promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Project support capacity increased significantly. Adhere to the inside and outside simultaneously, build, implementation of national and provincial investment of 625 million Yuan, for State one or two, three, four or five specific bond funds and local replacement bond funds of 554 million Yuan, for the starting year of key construction projects has laid a solid foundation. In particular the national circular economy demonstration counties and .two State-level pilot project ofecological demonstration County project platforms settled in jingchuan, Zhu Jia Jian construction of the reservoir began, handicap reservoirs, Liu Lihe reservoir preparat4ion work goes well, take solid steps for comprehensive utilization of water resources; city gas station to speed up implementation of the project, I became the County's first West-East gas pipeline project in the surrounding area benefit from the County, major projects supported increased significantly. Overall well-off society constantly consolidate 254the basis. Battle victory industrial development as the primary task of the well-off, fruit production suitable for full coverage of the target will be realized, vegetable industry development area extending, farming aquaculture changes the momentum of the show, \se + base + farmers\hey gradually introduced measures significantly strengthen standardized management, industry constantly consolidate the basis and enriching. Investment attraction results continue to expand. Adhere to the soft environment of excellence and improve the environment are equally常见呼吸道传染病防治知识
一、什么是呼吸道传染病
呼吸道传染病是指由病毒、细菌、支原体等病原体通过呼吸道传播、感染的疾病。根据病原体侵犯的部位不同可以表现为鼻炎、咽炎、喉炎、气管炎、支气管炎和肺炎等。
二、常见呼吸道传染病的种类
常见的呼吸道传染病有流行性感冒、流行性脑脊髓膜炎（简称流脑）、流行性腮腺炎、麻疹、风疹、水痘等。传染性非典型肺炎和人感染高致病性禽流感是新发呼吸道传染病。
三、呼吸道传染病的传播
呼吸道传染病的病原体主要是通过空气（飞沫、尘埃）传播；少数（天花、白喉、猩红热等）亦可通过直接接触而感染。传染源主要是病人和病原携带者。病人或病原携带者在呼吸、咳嗽、喷嚏时将带有细菌或病毒的呼吸道分泌物散布到空气中，易感的人随呼吸吸入或接触等方式感染后，经过一定时间的潜伏期就会发病。不管是病毒引起的或是细菌引起的急性呼吸道感染，预防最重要。
四、几种常见呼吸道传染病的特点
1、流行性感冒：是由流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病，人群普遍易感，潜伏期短，通常为1-3日。
In 2016 County Economic workshop Shang of speech comrade are: this county economic workshop of main task is, full implement implementation Central, and provincial, and municipal economic workshop and province party main leaders seminar spirit, recalled summary results, analysis judge situation, arrangements deployment new annual focus work task, mobilization County upper and lower further grasp new normal, implementation new concept, temper new style, show new as, struggled to advance County economic social transformation upgrade science development. Following, told four a aspects of problem: a, and full certainly results, effective firm transformation upgrade of confidence and determnation 2015, face macroeconomic down pressure continued increased of severe situation and difficult heavy of reform development task, County upper and lower tight at Central and provinces series major decision deployment, firmly grasp stability in the seeking into total tone, activeadapted economic development new normal, focused focus field, full work storming, County economic social development rendering out contrarian to good, and stability in the has into, and more points breakthrough, and Overall a good trend. One is closely linked to the transformation and upgrading of the global, comprehensive economic power significantly. Accurately gauge the macro situation and based on real comprehensive plan, strongly promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Project support capacity increased significantly. Adhere to the inside and outside simultaneously, build, implementation of national and provincial investment of 625 million Yuan, for State one or two, three, four or five specific bond funds and local replacement bond funds of 554 million Yuan, for the starting year of key construction projects has laid a solid foundation. In particular the national circular economy demonstration counties and .two State-level pilot project ofecological demonstration County project platforms settled in jingchuan, Zhu Jia Jian construction of the reservoir began, handicap reservoirs, Liu Lihe reservoir preparat4ion work goes well, take solid steps for comprehensive utilization of water resources; city gas station to speed up implementation of the project, I became the County's first West-East gas pipeline project in the surrounding area benefit from the County, major projects supported increased significantly. Overall well-off society constantly consolidate 254the basis. Battle victory industrial development as the primary task of the well-off, fruit production suitable for full coverage of the target will be realized, vegetable industry development area extending, farming aquaculture changes the momentum of the show, \se + base + farmers\hey gradually introduced measures significantly strengthen standardized management, industry constantly consolidate the basis and enriching. Investment attraction results continue to expand. Adhere to the soft environment of excellence and improve the environment are equally主要临床表现：一般表现为发病急，发热、乏力、头痛及全身酸痛等症状明显，咳嗽、流涕等呼吸道症状轻，偶有腹泻、腹痛等肠胃不适症状。
预后：单纯的流感是一种自限性疾病，病程一般在一周左右，预后良好。但是，患流感期间人们的抵抗力下降，其它致病菌的感染机会大为增加，易并发肺炎、心肌炎、脑膜炎等严重疾病。原有慢性心肺疾患和老年患者预后较差，可能因心衰和呼吸衰竭而导致死亡。
2、流行性脑脊髓膜炎（流脑）：是由脑膜炎奈瑟菌引起经呼吸道传播所致的一种化脓性脑膜炎，人群普遍易感，以10-20岁的青少年为主。
主要临床表现：突发性高热、头痛、呕吐、皮肤和粘膜出血点或瘀斑及颈项强直等脑膜刺激征，脑脊液呈化脓性改变。少数病例病情严重，病程进展快，救治不当易导致死亡。
预后：流脑的治愈率达到95％以上，一般死亡病例多为暴发型，短期内死于严重休克或脑疝，普通型病儿早期采用适应药物能够彻底治疗，并发症和后遗症很少见，对不典型病例或诊断不及时，又延误了正确治疗，易发生后遗症，因此小儿患流脑后，一定要彻底治疗。
3、流行性腮腺炎：是由腮腺炎病毒所引起的急性呼吸道传染病，易感人群为1岁以上的儿童和青少年，潜伏期为12～25日，通常为18日。
主要临床表现：前驱症状可出现发热、头痛、无力、食欲不振等，发病1至2日后出现颧骨弓或耳部疼痛，然后出现唾液腺肿大，
In 2016 County Economic workshop Shang of speech comrade are: this county economic workshop of main task is, full implement implementation Central, and provincial, and municipal economic workshop and province party main leaders seminar spirit, recalled summary results, analysis judge situation, arrangements deployment new annual focus work task, mobilization County upper and lower further grasp new normal, implementation new concept, temper new style, show new as, struggled to advance County economic social transformation upgrade science development. Following, told four a aspects of problem: a, and full certainly results, effective firm transformation upgrade of confidence and determination 2015, face macroeconomic down pressure continued increased of severe situation and difficult heavy of reform development task, County upper and lower tight at Central and provinces series major decision deployment, firmly grasp stability in the seeking into total tone, activeadapted economic development new normal, focused focus field, full work storming, County economic social development rendering out contrarian to good, and stability in the has into, and more points breakthrough, and Overall a good trend. One is closely linked to the transformation and upgrading of the global, comprehensive economic power significantly. Accurately gauge the macro situation and based on real comprehensive plan, strongly promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Project support capacity increased significantly. Adhere to the inside and outside simultaneously, build, implementation of national and provincial investment of 625 million Yuan, for State one or two, three, four or five specific bond funds and local replacement bond funds of 554 million Yuan, for the starting year of key construction projects has laid a solid foundation. In particular the national circular economy demonstration counties and .two State-level pilot project ofecological demonstration County project platforms settled in jingchuan, Zhu Jia Jian construction of the reservoir began, handicap reservoirs, Liu Lihe reservoir preparat4ion work goes well, take solid steps for comprehensive utilization of water resources; city gas station to speed up implementation of the project, I became the County's first West-East gas pipeline project in the surrounding area benefit from the County, major projects supported increased significantly. Overall well-off society constantly consolidate 254the basis. Battle victory industrial development as the primary task of the well-off, fruit production suitable for full coverage of the target will be realized, vegetable industry development area extending, farming aquaculture changes the momentum of the show, \se + base + farmers\hey gradually introduced measures significantly strengthen standardized management, industry constantly consolidate the basis and enriching. Investment attraction results continue to expand. Adhere to the soft environment of excellence and improve the environment are equally通常可见一侧或双侧腮腺肿大，除腮腺肿胀外，还可引起脑膜炎、脑膜脑炎、睾丸炎、卵巢炎、胰腺炎等。
预后：预后良好，一般可获得持久免疫力。
4、麻疹：是由麻疹病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病，人群普遍易感。没有麻疹疫苗前，麻疹是一种普遍发生的儿童传染病；相关疫苗发明后，麻疹的发病率已经大大降低。麻疹的潜伏期为7至18日，通常为14日。
主要临床表现：感染初期出现咳嗽、流涕、发热、眼红及口腔内出现白点(柯氏白斑)；3至7日后皮肤会出现斑丘疹，通常由面部扩散到全身，维持4至7日，亦可能长达3个星期，留下褐色斑痕或出现脱屑。
预后：无合并症时预后良好，一般可获得持久免疫力，病重者的呼吸系统、消化系统及脑部会受影响，导致严重后果，甚至死亡。
5、风疹：风疹是由风疹病毒引起的一种常见的急性传染病，风疹的易感者多为5岁以上的儿童，潜伏期一般是2周左右，有的可超过3周。
主要临床表现：以发热、全身皮疹为主要特征，常伴有耳后、枕部淋巴结肿大。全身症状一般较轻，病程短，往往不大引起家长的重视。
预后：风疹预后良好，得过风疹的人能够获得持久免疫力，并发脑膜炎、血小板减少所致颅内出血引起死亡者少见。但妊娠初3
In 2016 County Economic workshop Shang of speech comrade are: this county economic workshop of main task is, full implement implementation Central, and provincial, and municipal economic workshop and province party main leaders seminar spirit, recalled summary results, analysis judge situation, arrangements deployment new annual focus work task, mobilization County upper and lower further grasp new normal, implementation new concept, temper new style, show new as, struggled to advance County economic social transformation upgrade science development. Following, told four a aspects of problem: a, and full certainly results, effective firm transformation upgrade of confidence and determnation 2015, face macroeconomic down pressure continued increased of severe situation and difficult heavy of reform development task, County upper and lower tight at Central and provinces series major decision deployment, firmly grasp stability in the seeking into total tone, activeadapted economic development new normal, focused focus field, full work storming, County economic social development rendering out contrarian to good, and stability in the has into, and more points breakthrough, and Overall a good trend. One is closely linked to the transformation and upgrading of the global, comprehensive economic power significantly. Accurately gauge the macro situation and based on real comprehensive plan, strongly promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Project support capacity increased significantly. Adhere to the inside and outside simultaneously, build, implementation of national and provincial investment of 625 million Yuan, for State one or two, three, four or five specific bond funds and local replacement bond funds of 554 million Yuan, for the starting year of key construction projects has laid a solid foundation. In particular the national circular economy demonstration counties and .two State-level pilot project ofecological demonstration County project platforms settled in jingchuan, Zhu Jia Jian construction of the reservoir began, handicap reservoirs, Liu Lihe reservoir preparat4ion work goes well, take solid steps for comprehensive utilization of water resources; city gas station to speed up implementation of the project, I became the County's first West-East gas pipeline project in the surrounding area benefit from the County, major projects supported increased significantly. Overall well-off society constantly consolidate 254the basis. Battle victory industrial development as the primary task of the well-off, fruit production suitable for full coverage of the target will be realized, vegetable industry development area extending, farming aquaculture changes the momentum of the show, \se + base + farmers\hey gradually introduced measures significantly strengthen standardized management, industry constantly consolidate the basis and enriching. Investment attraction results continue to expand. Adhere to the soft environment of excellence and improve the environment are equally个月内的妇女患风疹，其胎儿可发生先天性风疹，引起死产、早产及各种先天性畸形，预后严重，故必须重视孕妇的预防措施。
6、水痘：是由水痘带-状疱疹病毒(疱疹病毒的一种)引起的一种急性呼吸道传染病，人群普遍易感，但发病主要是儿童，潜伏期为10～24日，通常为14～16日。
主要临床表现：患者从出现皮疹前2日至出疹后6日具有传染性。患病初期出现轻微发烧、疲倦和软弱无力；斑疹出现后数小时即转化为丘疹、疱疹。皮疹分布呈向心性，即躯干、头部较多，四肢处较少。一般典型水疱皮疹约历时1—6天，由于皮疹先后，分批出现，因此在出疹第2—3天内，在病人身上同一部位可见到各阶段的皮疹(即斑疹、丘疹、疱疹及结痂)同时存在。
预后：水痘是一种自限性疾病，多在10日以内可自愈，无后遗症，病后可获终身免疫。
五、呼吸道传染病的预防
1、勤洗手。研究证明，呼吸道传染病患者的鼻涕、痰液等呼吸道分泌物中含有大量的病原体，可以通过手接触分泌物传染给健康人。因此，要注意手的卫生，洗手是预防呼吸道传染病的一个重要措施。
2、多喝水。特别在秋冬季气候干燥，空气中尘埃含量高，人体鼻黏膜容易受损，要多喝水，让鼻黏膜保持湿润，能有效抵御病毒的入侵，还有利于体内毒素排泄，净化体内环境。
3、搞好环境卫生，不要随地吐痰。
In 2016 County Economic workshop Shang of speech comrade are: this county economic workshop of main task is, full implement implementation Central, and provincial, and municipal economic workshop and province party main leaders seminar spirit, recalled summary results, analysis judge situation, arrangements deployment new annual focus work task, mobilization County upper and lower further grasp new normal, implementation new concept, temper new style, show new as, struggled to advance County economic social transformation upgrade science development. Following, told four a aspects of problem: a, and full certainly results, effective firm transformation upgrade of confidence and determination 2015, face macroeconomic down pressure continued increased of severe situation and difficult heavy of reform development task, County upper and lower tight at Central and provinces series major decision deployment, firmly grasp stability in the seeking into total tone, activeadapted economic development new normal, focused focus field, full work storming, County economic social development rendering out contrarian to good, and stability in the has into, and more points breakthrough, and Overall a good trend. One is closely linked to the transformation and upgrading of the global, comprehensive economic power significantly. Accurately gauge the macro situation and based on real comprehensive plan, strongly promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Project support capacity increased significantly. Adhere to the inside and outside simultaneously, build, implementation of national and provincial investment of 625 million Yuan, for State one or two, three, four or five specific bond funds and local replacement bond funds of 554 million Yuan, for the starting year of key construction projects has laid a solid foundation. In particular the national circular economy demonstration counties and .two State-level pilot project ofecological demonstration County project platforms settled in jingchuan, Zhu Jia Jian construction of the reservoir began, handicap reservoirs, Liu Lihe reservoir preparat4ion work goes well, take solid steps for comprehensive utilization of water resources; city gas station to speed up implementation of the project, I became the County's first West-East gas pipeline project in the surrounding area benefit from the County, major projects supported increased significantly. Overall well-off society constantly consolidate 254the basis. Battle victory industrial development as the primary task of the well-off, fruit production suitable for full coverage of the target will be realized, vegetable industry development area extending, farming aquaculture changes the momentum of the show, \se + base + farmers\hey gradually introduced measures significantly strengthen standardized management, industry constantly consolidate the basis and enriching. Investment attraction results continue to expand. Adhere to the soft environment of excellence and improve the environment are equally4、勤晒被褥、勤换洗衣服，搞好家庭及个人卫生。 5、经常开窗通风，保持室内空气新鲜。
6、坚持体育锻炼和耐寒锻炼，适当增加户外活动（但雾天不要晨练，因为浓雾中不仅含有大量有害物质，而且水汽较多，会影响人体肺部的气体交换）。
7、饮食合理，多吃蔬菜水果，适当增加水和维生素的摄入。 8、咳嗽、打喷嚏时捂住口鼻，防止污染空气。 9、不要共用毛巾和卫生间个人用品。
10、生活有规律、保证睡眠、不吸烟、少饮酒，并注意保暖防止感冒，提高自身免疫力。
11、尽量减少和患者及其患者家属接触也是预防的关键。 12、进行免疫预防。流行季节前可进行相应的预防接种，如流感、肺炎、麻疹、流脑等疫苗能有效预防相应的呼吸道传染病，尤其要加强流动人口的计划免疫管理。
13、发生呼吸道传染病时，要及时进行治疗，最好是分房隔离、限制活动。
14、要早发现病人、早报告、早隔离、早治疗。
15、在呼吸道疾病流行期间，尽量减少到人员拥挤的公共场所。不要到病家探视病人，不要去疫村，不要到发病地区赶集、探亲，更不要到传染病患者聚集的场所。
In 2016 County Economic workshop Shang of speech comrade are: this county economic workshop of main task is, full implement implementation Central, and provincial, and municipal economic workshop and province party main leaders seminar spirit, recalled summary results, analysis judge situation, arrangements deployment new annual focus work task, mobilization County upper and lower further grasp new normal, implementation new concept, temper new style, show new as, struggled to advance County economic social transformation upgrade science development. Following, told four a aspects of problem: a, and full certainly results, effective firm transformation upgrade of confidence and determnation 2015, face macroeconomic down pressure continued increased of severe situation and difficult heavy of reform development task, County upper and lower tight at Central and provinces series major decision deployment, firmly grasp stability in the seeking into total tone, activeadapted economic development new normal, focused focus field, full work storming, County economic social development rendering out contrarian to good, and stability in the has into, and more points breakthrough, and Overall a good trend. One is closely linked to the transformation and upgrading of the global, comprehensive economic power significantly. Accurately gauge the macro situation and based on real comprehensive plan, strongly promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Project support capacity increased significantly. Adhere to the inside and outside simultaneously, build, implementation of national and provincial investment of 625 million Yuan, for State one or two, three, four or five specific bond funds and local replacement bond funds of 554 million Yuan, for the starting year of key construction projects has laid a solid foundation. In particular the national circular economy demonstration counties and .two State-level pilot project ofecological demonstration County project platforms settled in jingchuan, Zhu Jia Jian construction of the reservoir began, handicap reservoirs, Liu Lihe reservoir preparat4ion work goes well, take solid steps for comprehensive utilization of water resources; city gas station to speed up implementation of the project, I became the County's first West-East gas pipeline project in the surrounding area benefit from the County, major projects supported increased significantly. Overall well-off society constantly consolidate 254the basis. Battle victory industrial development as the primary task of the well-off, fruit production suitable for full coverage of the target will be realized, vegetable industry development area extending, farming aquaculture changes the momentum of the show, \se + base + farmers\hey gradually introduced measures significantly strengthen standardized management, industry constantly consolidate the basis and enriching. Investment attraction results continue to expand. Adhere to the soft environment of excellence and improve the environment are equally
常见呼吸道传染病防治知识
