《英语演讲与辩论复习重点》
三种演讲的定义
Introductory speech: The speech is written in manuscript form and is designed to fulfill two first is to give you a brief, initial exposure to speaking before an second is to provide a piece of original prose that can be used to help diagnose your strengths and weakness as a writer. Informative speech:is the one in which the speaker provide the audience with new and/or useful information about a significant topic. Persuasive speech: This is a speech designed to persuade the audience for or against a question or policy. 演讲稿三大板块 Introduction
Relate topic to the audience Present the topic to the audience Attract attention Build credibility Present main points Conclusion——sum up Body
Informative speech Visual aids Kinds of visual aid
Objects and models Photographs and drawings Graphs Charts Videos The speaker PowerPoint
Tips for preparing visual aids Keep visual aids simple
Make sure visual aids are large enough Use fonts that are easy to read Use color effectively Organization pattern Chronological order 时间顺序 Spacial order 空间顺序 Topical order 话题顺序 Persuasive speech Question of fact
话题顺序 Question of value
Question of policy（passive agreement & immediate action) Problem-solution pattern order 问题出路法 Problem-cause-solution order 问题成因出路法
Comparative advantages order 优惠对比法(pros&cons） Motivated sequence 动机序列法 (seek immediate action and more detailed） Five steps of motivated sequence Attention Need ‘ Satisfaction Visualization Action
Supporting material的运用 （分析题会用到） Problems:
Foreign languages,foreign laws,customs and regulations Exchange rates varies Numerous cultural differences
First-hand accurate information is comparatively hard to obtain.
Brief example
简单例证
??Examples
Extended example ? 延展例证 ? ?
Hypothetical example
假设 Single statistics
???? Statistics .
Use representative statistics Identify the sources of statistics Use statistics from reliable sources Round off complicated statistics Explain statistics
Use visual aids to clarify statistics
Testimony
Decide whether to quote or paraphrase Quote or paraphrase accurately Use testimony from qualified sources Use testimony from unbiased sources
Expert Multiple statistics
?????Peel
Identify the people you quote or paraphrase 简答
Intercultural competence Mental dialogue 使用visual aids 的好处`
为什么确定specific purpose特别重要 为什么道德标准很重要
Methods of persuasion Building credibility Factors of credibility Competence Character
Enhancing your credibility Explain your competence
Establish common ground with your audience Deliver your speeches and with conviction Using evidence Use specific evidence Use novel evidence(新颖的） Use evidence from credible sources
《英语演讲与辩论》期末考试复习重点
