2001年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
Section II Cloze Test
Directions:
For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)
The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases 大31家 the trial of Rosemary West.
In a significant 大32家 of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a 大33家 bill that will propose making payments to witnesses 大34家 and will strictly control the amount of 大35家 that can be given to a case 大36家 a trial begins.
In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons Media Select Committee, Lord Irvine said he 大37家 with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not 大38家 sufficient control.
大39家 of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a 大40家 of media protest when he said the 大41家 of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges 大42家 to Parliament.
The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which 大43家 the European Convention on Human Rights legally 大44家 in Britain, laid down that everybody was 大45家 to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.
“Press freedoms will be in safe hands 大46家 our British judges,” he said. Witness payments became an 大47家 after West was sentenced to 10 life
sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were 大48家 to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised 大49家 witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to 大50家 guilty verdicts. 31. [A] as to
32. [A] tightening 33. [A] sketch 34. [A] illogical 35. [A] publicity 36. [A] since 37. [A] sided
38. [A] present 39. [A] Release 40. [A] storm
41. [A] translation 42. [A] better than 43. [A] changes 44. [A] binding
45. [A] authorized 46. [A] with
47. [A] impact 48. [A] stated 49. [A] what
[B] for instance
[B] intensifying [B] rough
[B] illegal [B] penalty [B] if
[B] shared [B] offer
[B] Publication [B] rage
[B] interpretation [B] other than [B] make
[B] convincing
[B] credited [B] to
[B] incident [B] remarked [B] when
[C] in particular [C] focusing
[C] preliminary [C] improbable [C] popularity [C] before [C] complied [C] manifest [C] Printing [C] flare
[C] exhibition
[C] rather than [C] sets
[C] restraining [C] entitled [C] from
[C] inference [C] said
[C] which
[D] such as [D] fastening [D] draft [D] improper [D] peculiarity [D] as [D] agreed [D] indicate [D] Exposure [D] flash [D] demonstration [D] sooner than [D] turns [D] sustaining [D] qualified [D] by [D] issue [D] told [D] that
50. [A] assure [B] confide [C] ensure [D] guarantee
Section III Reading Comprehension
Directions:
Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)
Text 1
Specialization can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units, one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialization was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was the growing professionalisation of scientific activity.
No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word “amateur” does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. The growth of specialization in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom.
A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. Thus, in the nineteenth century, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but, in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geological picture. Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.
2001年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及解析
