摘要
我此次设计的最初的目标是掌握离合器设计流程、对离合器的构造有更加深入地了解，从而对离合器拥有了不同于书本的认知。通过完成设计对离合器的组成结构、工作原理有深入地了解。本设计选取轿车膜片弹簧离合器的基本参数,进行汽车膜片弹簧离合器的扭转减振器、膜片弹簧等进行结构设计并对必要的零部件进行校核；还对传动片、从动片等进行选型设计。使用三维软件先对离合器的摩擦片进行建模，然后完成从动片的建模，接下来对从动盘毂、减振器盘进行建模，根据所得参数绘制出膜片弹簧、压盘，最后绘制出离合器盖。进入装配模块使用装配约束将这些零部件装配成一个完整的离合器。然后用二维绘图软件绘制了膜片弹簧和从动盘毂零件图和离合器总装图。最后从经济性和技术性两方面分析本设计，本设计满足基本的设计要求。 关键词：离合器；膜片弹簧；三维建模
Abstract
The original goal of my design was to master the design process of the clutch and to know more deeply about the structure of the clutch, so that the clutch had a different knowledge of the book. Through the completion of the design, the structure and working principle of the clutch are well understood. This design selects the basic parameters of the diaphragm spring clutch of the car, carries out the structural design of the torsion damper and diaphragm spring of the diaphragm spring clutch of the automobile and checks the necessary parts, and designs the type selection of the transmission piece and the follower piece. Three dimensional software is used to model the friction disc of the clutch, then the modeling of the driven disc is completed. Next, the driven disc hub and the damper disk are modeled. The diaphragm springs and pressure plates are drawn according to the parameters. Finally, the clutch cover is drawn. Enter the assembly module and use assembly constraints to assemble these components into a complete clutch. Then the drawing parts of the diaphragm spring and driven disk hub and the clutch assembly diagram are plotted with two dimensional drawing software. Finally, the design is analyzed from two aspects: economy and technology. This design meets the basic design requirements. Key words: Clutch; diaphragm spring; three-dimensional modeling
目
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目录
引言 ........................................................................................................................... 1 1绪论 ........................................................................................................................ 2 2离合器设计基础 .................................................................................................... 4 2.1离合器结构方案选取 ......................................................................................... 4 2.1.1从动盘数的选择 .............................................................................................. 4 2.1.2压紧弹簧和布置形式的选取 .......................................................................... 4 2.1.3压盘的驱动形式 .............................................................................................. 4 2.2离合器主要参数的选取 ..................................................................................... 4 2.2.1后备系数β ....................................................................................................... 4 2.2.2单位压力p0 ...................................................................................................... 4 2.2.3 离合器静摩擦力矩Tc ..................................................................................... 5 2.2.4摩擦因数f、摩擦面数Z和离合器间隙?t ................................................... 5 3离合器设计与计算 ................................................................................................ 6 3.1从动盘设计 ......................................................................................................... 6 3.1.1从动盘毂的设计 .............................................................................................. 6 3.1.2摩擦片的设计 .................................................................................................. 6 3.1.3从动片 .............................................................................................................. 9 3.2压盘总成设计 ..................................................................................................... 9 3.2.1 压盘设计 ......................................................................................................... 9 3.2.2传动片的设计及强度校核 ............................................................................ 10 3.3膜片弹簧设计 ................................................................................................... 10 3.3.1 膜片弹簧的基本参数的选择 ..................................................................... 10 3.4扭转减震器设计 ............................................................................................... 12
3.4.1 扭转减振器主要参数 ................................................................................... 12 3.4.2 减振弹簧的计算 ........................................................................................... 14 3.5离合器的操纵机构 ........................................................................................... 15 3.5.1 操纵机构公用和设计要求 ........................................................................... 15 3.5.2 离合器踏板行程计算 ................................................................................... 16 4 离合器建模 ......................................................................................................... 17 4.1从动盘建模 ....................................................................................................... 17 4.1.1 从动片建模 ................................................................................................... 17 4.1.2 从动盘毂建模 ............................................................................................... 22 4.2 压盘建模 .......................................................................................................... 23 4.3 离合器盖建模 .................................................................................................. 27 4.4膜片弹簧建模 ................................................................................................... 30 4.5飞轮建模 ........................................................................................................... 31 4.6 装配过程 .......................................................................................................... 32 5 离合器仿真分析 ................................................................................................. 34 6技术经济性分析 .................................................................................................. 36 7结论 ...................................................................................................................... 37
引言
离合器是直接连接发动机且存在于汽车传动系的独立总成。离合器是一种由四大基本部分组成的机械结构。从设计出来到目前为止，离合器已经经历了一百二十多年，离合器的结构、材料不断被改进，直至今日它的作用依然无法被完成取代。近年来，膜片弹簧离合器是一种利用来自主动、从动部位之间的摩擦力，实现转矩的传导，且被大范围运用在各类汽车上有分离功能的装置。
随着新材料的发现、研究、运用，无人驾驶技术的改进和不断完善，这使提高离合器转矩、转速有了更高的可能性，人们对离合器有越来越高的要求，对汽车发动机性能方面的要求更加严谨。从离合器近年来的发展状况来看，推式结构被拉式结构取代，手动操纵方式被无人驾驶所替代。如何让离合器更加可靠的进行工作，如何延长离合器各零部件的使用寿命，这些都是离合器未来的发展趋势。我想在最近的一段时间内，离合器不会被其他总成所取代，它还会承担着无法取代的作用。
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轿车膜片弹簧离合器设计与仿真
