中考专项训练 非谓语动词本章综合与测试(解析版)
一、非谓语动词
1.—Hello, Lucy, please give me some ____ on how to improve my English! —You'd better keep ___ more English books.
A. advices; read B. advice; read C. advice; reading D. advices; reading 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:——你好,露西,关于如何提高我的英语请给我一些建议,——你最好坚持读英语书。advice是不可数名词,没有复数形式;keep doing sth,坚持做某事,故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配,注意keep doing sth的用法。
2.My parents didn't allow me ______ to the party.
A. go B. to go C. goes D. went 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】:本题考点为非谓语动词(固定用法)。allow sb. to do sth.,即“允许某人做某事”。故答案为B。
3.I think AI (人工智能) in many fields will to help us solve many problems in the future. A. used, be used B. is used, be used C. used, use D. is used, use 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:我认为被用在许多领域的人工智能在将来将帮助我们解决许多问题。AI是名词,___ in many fields做名词AI的定语,AI是动作use的承受着,并且句子是简单句,已经有谓语will,所以用动词过去分词作定语,即used,be used to do sth.被用来做某事,will是情态动词,所以be还是用原形be,故选A。 【点评】考查动词过去分词及固定搭配,注意平时识记,理解句意。
4. Though he often made his little sister ______, today he was made ______ by his little sister. A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:虽然他经常使他的妹妹哭,但是今天他妹妹使他哭了。使某人做某事: make sb do sth.后跟省to的不定式作宾语补足语,即前句填:cry,主动语态中省to的不定式,变为被动语态时,要用带to的不定式. 即后句填:to cry. 故选A。
5. —I didn't hear you come in just now.
—That's good. I tried______the baby up.
A. to wake B. not to wake C. waking 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】——刚才我没有听见你进来。——还不错.我尽量不吵醒婴儿。try to do sth尽力做某事,否定形式在to前面加not.故选B.
【点评】考查动词不定式的否定式。
6.It's necessary for us English well.
A. to learn B. learning C. learn D. learns 【答案】 A
【解析】【解析】句意:对我们来讲,学好英语是必需的事。表达“做某事……”就是动词短语作主语,动词短语作主语时,常用it作为形式主语放在句首,而将真正的主语用带to的不定式跟在后面,即:It's+adj +for sb+to do sth(对某人来讲,做某事怎么样。)本句动词用不定式:to learn。故选A。
7.Lucy and Lily decided their aunt in the countryside. A. see B. to see C. seeing 【答案】B
【解析】【分析】露西和莉莉决定去看下乡的姑姑。decide to do sth ,决定做某事。故选B。
【点评】考查动词不定式。掌握固定短语。
8.As we all know, a person learns many things by making mistakes and ________ them. A. corrects B. correct C. to correct D. correcting 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:正如我们所知,一个人通过犯错误和纠正错误中,能学会很多东西。and,表并列的连词,前后动词用法应该一致,根据making,可知此处用动词ing形式,因此用correcting,故选D。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意介词后接动词的ing形式。
9.I look forward _____ you soon.
A. see B. seeing C. to see D. to seeing 【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意:我盼望尽快见到你。look forward to doing sth盼望做某事,故答案为D。
【点评】考查固定搭配,注意look forward to中的to是介词,后跟动名词。
10.—Julia, your mobile phone is ringing.
—Wait a minute. It's dangerous ______ it while crossing the street. A. answering B. answer C. to answer 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:—-朱丽亚,你的手机响了。—等一下。过马路时接电话是危险的。It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事……,是固定句式,it是形式主语,不定式结构做真正主语。故选C。
【点评】考查动词不定式做主语的句式。熟记此句式,并能熟练运用。
11.My mother doesn't allow me _______outside too late on school nights. A. to stay B. stay C. staying 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:在上学的日子里,我妈妈不允许我在外面待得太晚。Allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事,是固定用法,故答案选A。 【点评】考查动词不定式,掌握固定搭配。
12. —Jack hasn't taken his piano lessons for a long time.
—He is considering _________ his piano course and spending more time on his study. A. to drop B. to throw C. dropping D. throwing 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:——Jack很久没有上钢琴课了。——他在考虑放弃钢琴课,把更多的时间花在学习上。consider doing sth考虑做某事。drop放弃;丢掉;throw扔掉。故选C。
【点评】考查动名词和动词辨析。
13.I got up early this morning my grandma at the airport. A. to pick up B. picking up C. picked up 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】我今天早上早早起床,为了在机场接我的奶奶。短语pick up表示接某人,用动词不定式to do表示目的。根据题意,故选A。 【点评】考查动词不定式。掌握动词不定式做目的状语的用法。
14.The boy _______ in the teachers' office was found _______ at the school gate yesterday. A. standing, smoking B. standing, to smoke C. stood, smoking D. stood, to smoke 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意;站在老师办公室的这个男孩,昨天被发现在校门口吸烟。现在分词作定语表示正在进行的伴随性动作,和被修饰词是主谓关系。Find后接不带to的不定式
做宾语补足语,但是当变为被动语态后,不定式符号to要加上,故选B。
【点评】非谓语动词的用法比较固定,区别的主要办法一是和被修饰词的关系。一般现在分词和被修饰词是主谓关系,过去分词和被修饰词是动宾关系。二是表示动作状态的不同,现在分词表示正在进行的伴随性动作,过去分词表示发生过的被动的动作,不定式表示具体的将要进行的动作。掌握这两点,基本就能完成此类问题。
15.Would you mind _____ care of my pet fish while I'm away on holiday? A. take B. taken C. to take D. taking 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:当我度假离开的时候,你介意照看我的宠物鱼吗?mind doing sth.,介意做某事,应使用动名词形式,故答案是D。 【点评】考查从名词,注意识记固定搭配mind doing的用法。
16.He took off his expensive watch ____ the fact that he was rich.
A. to hide B. hid C. hide D. hidden 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:他摘下昂贵的手表以掩盖自己富有的事实。分析题干可知,摘下贵重的手表的目的是为了掩盖有钱的事实,因此用动词不定式做目的状语,故选A。 【点评】考查动词不定式的基本用法。注意在句中做目的状语。
17.As students, we should do something we can our school beautiful. A. make B. to make C. making 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:作为学生,我们应该尽我们所能使我们的学校变得美丽。句中We should do something we can,后省略do,后面接不定式作目的状语,故选B。 【点评】考查动词不定式的基本用法。动词不定式作目的状语是其基本用法之一。
18.Because of the heavy rain, our school has to put off ________ the sports meeting. A. having B. have C. to have D. to having 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:因为大雨,我们学校不得不推迟召开运动会。put off doing sth”推迟做某事“,故此处用动名词having,故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词,以及。put off doing sth固定用法。
19.— Waiter, I'd like a hot wing hamburger and corn salad.
— Sorry, sir. They ________ only for lunch and dinner. Why not consider ________ something else?
A. serve; to order B. served; ordering C. are served; ordering D. served; to order 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:—服务员,我想要一个香辣鸡翅汉堡和玉米沙拉。—对不起,先生。他们只在午餐和晚餐提供。为什么不考虑点别的呢?they指代的是前面提到的香辣鸡翅汉堡和玉米沙拉,与动词serve之间是被动的关系,应该用被动语态的形式;consider doing sth.考虑做某事。故答案为C。
20.—What is the end of the story?
—The person with theft was seen in court.
A. was charged; appear B. charged; to appear C. was charged; to appear D. charged; appear 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:-故事的结尾是什么?-这个被控告偷窃的人被看到出现在法庭上。was charged被控告,是一般过去时态的被动语态;charged是过去分词;appear出现;to appear是动词不定式形式。这句话中已经有了谓语动词was seen,所以这两个空都应使用非谓语动词形式。第一个空是后置定语,修饰前面的名词the person,并且构成被动关系,故用过去分词;第二个空使用的句型是see sb. do sth.看到某人做某事,当这个句型用于被动语态中的时候,动词不定式应带上to。故应选B。
21.—You have discussed for more than an hour! Have you decided ________? — Not yet. We are still having a discussion.
A. where shall we meet B. what you bought C. to buy what D. where to meet 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:—你们讨论了一个多小时了。你决定在哪儿见了吗?—还没有。我们还在讨论。A. where shall we meet我们在哪儿见,宾语从句用陈述句语序。错;B. what you bought你买的什么,决定将要发生的动作,本句用的一般过去时态,表示过去,错;C. to buy what买什么,“疑问词+to do”的不定式短语,错;D. where to meet在哪儿见,正确。故答案选D。
【点评】考查不定式的复合结构:疑问词+不定式。
22.If people ________ cutting down the forest, they will have nowhere _______. A. keep, to live in B. will keep, to live in C. keep, to live D. will keep, to live 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:如果人们继续砍伐森林,他们将没有生活的地方了。不定式作宾语补足语表示具体的将要进行的动作,当主句描述将来动作时,英语条件从句中用一般现在时态表示将来动作,结合语境可知选C。
中考专项训练 非谓语动词本章综合与测试(解析版)



