课时跟踪练9 Unit 4 Wildlife protection
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In the US state of Washington, a road called Interstate(州际公路) 90 cuts through a wild, mountainous area to reach the city of Seattle.For the area's many kinds of animals, the busy highway greatly limits their movements.Animals need to move to find food, to find mates, to find new places to live as their populations expand or just when conditions change, like a fire breaks out.Crossing Ⅰ-90—as the road is called—is a risky but sometimes necessary act.But soon, animals will have a safer choice.They will be able to go above it.
To help the animals, the state is finishing work on its largest-ever wildlife bridge.The 11-metre-tall, 20-metre-wide bridge begins in the forest.It forms two arches above the highway, one for each direction of traffic.Workers are adding fencing and plants to help guide the animals across the bridge.Two-metre-thick walls will help block noise from vehicles below.Scientists chose the area because it is within a natural migration (迁徙)path for some animals.
The Ⅰ-90 bridge is part of a growing number of wildlife crossings across the United States.Some are fences, some are overland bridges, and some are underpasses.They all aim to keep drivers and animals away from each other.
A US Transportation Department study found crashes between animals and humans rose year by year.The accidents made up about 5 percent of all crashes nationally, and cost the economy about $8 billion.Such costs come from car repairs, emergency room visits and removal of the dead animals on roads.Collisions between animals and drivers are rarely deadly to people.But they are often deadly to wildlife.The study also found that 21 endangered or threatened species in the US are affected by vehicle hits.Bridges, underpasses and fencing reduce the area's animal-driver collisions by 80 percent.
Most of the wildlife bridges are in western states.Many other areas also need such paths.But finding money for more crossings is “the number-one problem”．Patty Garvey-Darda of the US Forest Service has worked on the Ⅰ-90 crossing from the start of the project.She says the $6-million bridge will one day pay for itself because the highway will not have to be fully or partly closed each time a large animal is
struck.“If you shut down Interstate 90, you shut down interstate trade.” she adds.
1．What do we know about the Ⅰ-90? A．It goes from Washington DC to Seattle. B．It is dangerous for wild animals to cross. C．It blocks the movements of wild animals. D．It is the longest-ever highway in the world. 2．What is being done to help the animals?
A．Building a wildlife bridge to keep drivers and animals away. B．Designing walls to protect animals from traffic accidents. C．Forming 2 arches, one for traffic and the other for animals. D．Choosing a natural and safe area for wild animals to live in. 3．What can we learn from the study?
A．Traffic accidents went down gradually nationwide. B．Most money was spent in rescuing wild animals. C．Collisions are more deadly to wildlife than to people. D．Some species no longer existed because of vehicle hits. 4．Which of the statements may Patty Garvey-Darda agree with? A．The bridge costs too much money. B．Animals won't be struck by drivers.
C．The effort to build the bridge will pay off. D．Collisions won't affect national trade at all.
【语篇解读】 在美国华盛顿州有一条名为“90号州际公路”的道路横穿一片野外山区，直达西雅图市，对于该地区的许多动物来说，这条川流不息的公路极大地限制了它们的活动，横穿该条公路非常危险。为了帮助动物们，华盛顿州正在完成有史以来最大的野生动物高架桥的建设工作。
1．解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“For the area's many kinds of animals，the busy highway greatly limits their movements.”和“Crossing Ⅰ-90-as the road is called－is a risky but sometimes necessary act.”可知，对于这一地区的很多动物来说，这条川流不息的公路极大地限制了它们的活动，因为横穿这条公路非常危险，故选B项。
答案：B
2．解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To help the animals, the state is finishing work on its largest-ever wildlife bridge.”和第三段“The Ⅰ-90 bridge is part of...They all aim to keep drivers and animals away from each other.”可知，华盛顿州为了帮助这些动物，正在完成有史以来最大的野生动物高架桥的建设工作，这一工程旨在让司机和动
物“各行其道”，从而保护动物，故选A项。
答案：A
3．解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Collisions between animals and drivers are rarely deadly to people.But they are often deadly to wildlife.”可知，动物和司机的冲突事故对于人类来说几乎很少有致命的，但对于野生动物来说却恰恰相反。故选C项。
答案：C
4．解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“She says the $6-million bridge will one day pay for itself because the highway will not have to be fully or partly closed each time a large animal is struck.”可推知，帕蒂·加维·达尔达赞同“建立这座高架桥能带来好的结果”这一观点，故选C项。
答案：C
B
Both honeybees and ants are social insects that live in groups called colonies.They survive by means of their collective intelligence.Their decision-making power is distributed throughout the group; that is, no one ant or bee makes decisions for the group.Instead, they work together.As Deborah M Gordon, a biologist at Stanford University, says, “Ants aren't smart.Ant colonies are.” The same is true for bee colonies.Although bees and ants are quite different physically, they have a lot in common in terms of their social behaviour.Specifically, honeybees and ants have similar roles within the colony, both have communication systems, and both have the capacity for learning.
Ants communicate by using chemicals called pheromones, which can alert others to danger or to a food source.For example, when worker ants find a promising source, they let the rest of the colony know how to find it by leaving a trail of pheromones on the way back to the colony.The other ants pick up the message using their sense of smell.Bees, on the other hand, use movement to communicate with each other.Worker bees send messages to each other by means of a “dance”．Different speeds and movements send different messages.For example, when worker bees called the scouts go out to find a new home for the colony, they return and do a dance for the other worker bees that indicates the location of the new home and how suitable it is.The faster the scouts dance, the better the new location is.
Honeybees and ants are both capable of learning.One Chinese study found that bees can be trained to learn and remember a route to a food source.The researchers also found that bees can be taught to recognize hidden objects and use the concepts
of “sameness” and “difference” to accomplish certain tasks.Ants take this one step further.Recent American research has shown that ants not only have the ability to learn, but also can teach their foraging skills to other younger ants.They observed that older ants accompany young ants in search of food and teach them the route and how to avoid obstacles.
As we can see, the social behaviour of honeybees and ants is quite similar.Both coordinate complex actions and accomplish crucial survival tasks by cooperating in groups consisting of many individuals.Unintelligent as they may be as individuals, as groups they often show amazing brilliance as they go about their everyday activities.
5．What do ants and bees have in common? A．They live in similar-sized colonies. B．They make use of collective intelligence.
C．They have small leadership groups that make all decisions. D．They use the same methods to communicate with each other. 6．What does the speed of a bee's dance indicate? A．The quality of a new colony location. B．The distance to a neighbouring colony. C．The discovery of a new food source. D．The direction to a potential food source.
7．In Paragraph 3, how does the author demonstrate the idea that honeybees and ants are both capable of learning?
A．By using statistics. B．By explaining reasons. C．By referencing opinions. D．By presenting study findings.
【语篇解读】 蜜蜂和蚂蚁的社交方式是相似的，它们虽有所不同，但对集体智慧的运用却是相似的。
5．解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“They survive by means of their collective intelligence.”可知，蜜蜂和蚂蚁均依靠集体智慧生存，故B项正确。根据第一段第一句“Both honeybees and ants are social insects that live in groups called colonies.”可知，蜜蜂和蚂蚁都是群居昆虫，但没有说它们的群体大小相似，故排除A项。根据第一段第三句“Their decision-making power is distributed throughout the group；that is，no one ant or bee makes decisions for the group.”可知，C项错误。根据第二段第一句
中的“Ants communicate by using chemicals called pheromones”以及第四句“Bees，on the other hand，use movement to communicate with each other.”可知，它们的交流方式是不同的，故排除D项。
答案：B
6．解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后两句“For example, when worker bees called the scouts go out to find a new home for the colony，they return and do a dance...The faster the scouts dance，the better the new location is.”可知，当被称为“侦察队”的工蜂外出为蜂群寻找新家时，它们会回来为其他工蜂跳舞，以此表明新家的位置和新家的合适程度。工蜂跳舞跳得越快表明新家的位置就越好。故选A项。
答案：A
7．解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“One Chinese study found that...The researchers also found that...Recent American research has shown that...They observed that...”可知，第三段以展示研究结果的方式论证了蜜蜂和蚂蚁都有学习能力。故选D项。
答案：D Ⅱ.七选五
If you're a gamer who's constantly glued to your phone, it could be time to ask for medical help.
On June 18, 2024, the World Health Organization (WHO)officially listed “gaming disorder” as a mental health condition. 1
“Video gaming is like a non-financial kind of gambling (赌博) from a psychological point of view，” Mark Griffiths, a professor from Nottingham Trent University in the UK, told the Associated Press (AP)．“Gamblers use money as a way of keeping scores, while gamers use points.”
2
“People need to understand this doesn't mean every child who spends hours in the room playing games is an addict, otherwise doctors are going to be flooded with requests for help，” Joan Harvey, a spokeswoman for the British Psychological Society, told AP.
3 For example, a 21-year-old Chinese woman in Guangdong province went blind in one eye after playing the mobile game King of Glory for a whole day.“On days when I have no work, I usually get up at 6 am, eat breakfast and play until 4 pm，” she told the South China Morning Post.“Then I'll eat something, have a nap (小睡) and play until 1 am.”
The woman isn't alone.According to a study published in China Youth Daily, about
2024届高考英语一轮总复习Book2Unit4Wildlifeprotection课时跟踪练新人教版
