(一) 首句 章段首句
It’s well-known that 众所周知 As far as we know 据我们所知 As everybody knows 众所周知 As far as sb. be concerned 就……而论 Frankly speaking 坦白地说 Generally speaking 一般来说 I am of the opinion that … 我认为 In my opinion 我认为 It has been shown that… 现已表明 It has been found that … 已经发现 It’s believed that… 有人相信 It’s expected that… 有人盼望 It’s hoped that … 人们希望 It’s thought that … 有人认为
Until recently … 直到最近
Faced with …, quite a few people argue that …. But other people conceive differently.
There is a general discussion today about the issue of…. Those who object to … argue that…. They believe that …. But people who favor …, on the other hand, argue that…. Currently there is a widespread concern that …
More and more people are realizing / have come to realize… There is no denying / doubt that …. (二) 结尾句
Above all 最重要的是 After all 毕竟 All in all 总的来说 In a word 总而言之 As a result 结果 In fact / As a matter of fact 事实上 In short / In brief 简而言之 In conclusion 总之 In general /summary 总之 In the end / Finally Last of all 最后 On the whole 总的来看 It may be confirmed that… 可以肯定 It’s clear that … 很清楚 To sum up 概括地说 Personally, I prefer to …
As far as… be concerned, I think / believe that… In my opinion, I am in favor of …. (三)写作中常用到的过渡词:
1.时间顺序:first, second, then, finally, now, before, afterwards, earlier, later, immediately, suddenly, soon, gradually
2.空间顺序:in front of, behind, at the back of, to the left, to the right, above, below, on one side, on the other side, next (to), far (from), beside , outside, around
3.因果关系:because, since, as, thanks to, as a result (of), so, therefore, thus, otherwise, on
account of, due to, owe to
4.递进关系:in addition, furthermore, moreover, what’s more, what’s worse, even, besides,
still more, to make things worse
5.例证说明:for example, for instance, such as, in one’s opinion, in fact, in this case, for
actually, that is to say, in other words, according to
6.并列关系:but, and, as well as, or
7.对称关系:for one thing, for another, on the one hand, on the other hand
8.转折关系:above all, at last, in a word, in summary, to sum up, in short, generally speaking,
as you know, in conclusion, in brief, as has been stated
9.总结关系:above all, at last, in a word, in summary, to sum up, in short, generally speaking,
as you know, in conclusion, in brief, as has been stated
10.过渡性插入语:I think, I’m afraid, you know, as we all know, I’m sure, as far as I know 11.强调关系:in fact, indeed, surely, necessarily, certainly, without any doubt, truly, to repeat,
the most important, above all
(四)、常用模式
1.万事看头难 常用模式:Nowadays….
It goes without saying that…. Now people begin to realize that…. There is no denying that….. It is common that….. 2.拓展不下去: 常用模式:(1)、罗列 Firstly….Secondly….. Thirdly….. For one thing…. For another….
On one hand….. On the other hand…. At the same time…. (2)、举例 Take… for example… To explain… (3)、对比 In contrast,…. / On the contrary (4)、递进 Moreover/ In addition/ Besides (5)、因果 Because…/ Because of…
Therefore…/ Consequently…/ As a result,… The reason is (was) that…
The reason why (for which) …is (was) that… That is because (why)…
One of the important reason is …. (6)、转折 But…/ However…/ Instead of… Otherwise… /Nevertheless…. 3.难以结尾:常用模式:(1)、总结 To sum up…/ In brief… (2)、个人观点 Personally…/ As for me…. 现象解释型: 模板一:
(1) Recently, _______. What amazes us most is _______. It is true that _______.
(2) There are many reasons explaining _______. The main reason is ______. What is more,
_______. Thirdly, ________. As a result _________.
(3) Considering all these, ________. For one thing, _________. For another, ______. In
conclusion, ______. 模板二:
(1) As is known to all, _______. _________ seem to get accustomed to _________. In
fact, __________. (2) The reasons of ______ lie in several aspects. Firstly, ______. Secondly, ______.
Thirdly, ______. Finally, _______. (3) As a matter of fact, ______. On the one hand , ______. On the other hand, ______.
Therefore, ______.
现象解释型叙事:
(1) It so happened that _______. Just at the moment, ________. It impressed most
because ________. (2) What happened was_______. At first, _______. Almost at the same time, _______.
What’s more, ______. As a result, ________. (3) As I understand, ______. On the one hand , ______. On the other hand, ______.
Therefore, ______.
对比选择型: 模板一:
(1) There is a heated debate over _______. It is commonly accepted that ______. In
contrast, others _______. (2) Those who hold the first opinion suggest ________. In their view, ______. However,
others think ______. They argue that ______. (3) Considering one after another, I stand on the side of ______. First of all,_______.
Furthermore, _______. Thirdly, ______. Therefore, ________.
模板二:
(1) Recently, we may hear quite different opinions _______. Most people take it for granted
that ________. However, others hold ________.
(2) A dominant idea is that _______. In the view, ______. Nevertheless, the objectors think
_______. They argue that ______.
(3) As to me, I prefer ______. Therefore, ______. On the one hand , ______. On the other
hand, ______. In conclusion, _______. 模板三:
(1) Different people will offer quite different ideas _______. Many people assert _______.
However, others believe ______.
(2) Some may proclaim _______. They maintain such an idea because _______. In contrast,
the objectors think _______. They argue that _______.
(3) As far as I am concerned, I agree to _______. First, ______. Second, _____. Last but least,
_______. In a word, ________. 问题解决型: 模板一:
(1) With the ______ of _______, _______. So it is of great importance for us to _______.
英语四级作文模板及开头结尾



