2015年考研英语一真题及答案解析 (1~20/共20题)完形填空
Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is __1__a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__2__.
The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted __3__1,932 unique subjects which __4__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both__5__.
While 1% may seem__6__,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even __7__their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who__8__our kin.”
The study__9__found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,__10__,as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more__11__it. There could be many mechanisms working together that __12__us in choosing genetically similar friends__13__”functional Kinship” of being friends with__14__!
One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution__15__than other genes Studying this could help__16__why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major__17__factor.
The findings do not simply explain people’s__18__to befriend those of similar__19__backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to__20__that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population. 第1题 A.when B.why C.how D.what 第2题
A.defended B.concluded C.withdrawn D.advised 第3题 A.for B.with C.on D.by 第4题
A.compared B.sought C.separated D.connected 第5题
A.tests B.objects C.samples D.examples 第6题
A.insignificant B.unexpected C.unbelievable D.incredible 第7题 A.visit B.miss C.seek D.know 第8题
A.resemble B.influence C.favor D.surpass 第9题 A.again B.also C.instead D.thus 第10题
A.Meanwhile B.Furthermore C.Likewise D.Perhaps 第11题 A.about B.to C.from D.like 第12题 A.drive B.observe C.confuse D.limit 第13题
A.according to B.rather than C.regardless of D.along with
第14题 A.chances B.responses C.missions D.benefits 第15题 A.later B.slower C.faster D.earlier 第16题 A.forecast B.remember C.understand D.express 第17题
A.unpredictable B.contributory C.controllable D.disruptive 第18题 A.endeavor B.decision C.arrangement D.tendency 第19题 A.political B.religious C.ethnic D.economic 第20题 A.see B.show C.prove D.tell
下一题
(21~25/共20题)Section Ⅱ Reading Part A Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings don’t abdicate, they dare in their sleep.” But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is
seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?
The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above “mere” politics and “embody” a spirit of national unity.
It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs’ continuing popularity polarized. And also, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.
Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today – embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.
The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.
While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.
It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy’s reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service – as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchy’s worst enemies. 第21题
According to the first two Paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain A.used turn enjoy high public support B.was unpopular among European royals C.cased his relationship with his rivals D.ended his reign in embarrassment 第22题
Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly A.owing to their undoubted and respectable status B.to achieve a balance between tradition and reality C.to give voter more public figures to look up to D.due to their everlasting political embodiment 第23题
Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4? A.Aristocrats’ excessive reliance on inherited wealth B.The role of the nobility in modern democracies
C.The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families D.The nobility’s adherence to their privileges 第24题
The British royals “have most to fear” because Charles A.takes a rough line on political issues B.fails to change his lifestyle as advised C.takes republicans as his potential allies D.fails to adapt himself to his future role 第25题
Which of the following is the best title of the text? A.Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined
B.Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne C.Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs D.Charles, Slow to React to the Coming Threats
上一题 下一题
(26~30/共20题)Section Ⅱ Reading Part A Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.
California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling particularly one that upsets the old assumption that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.
The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California’s advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justices can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.
They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smart phone — a vast storehouse of digital information — is similar to, say, rifling through a suspect’s purse. The court has ruled that police don’t violate the Fourth Amendment when they sift through the wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one’s smart phone is more like entering his or her home. A smart phone may contain an arrestee’s reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of “cloud computing,” meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.
Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy. But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life. Citizens still have a right to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitution’s prohibition on unreasonable searches.
As so often is the case, stating that principle doesn’t ease the challenge of line-drawing. In many cases, it would not be overly onerous for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through
2015年考研英语一真题及答案解析
