2017年高三英语一模汇编——选词填空
One长宁金山青浦宝山区 Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Ask Siri if she’s a woman. Go ahead: try it. She'll tell you she’s____41____. “Like cacti, a certain species of fish,” she might say. So is Amazon’s Alexa, Microsoft’s Cortana, Samsung’s S Voice, and Google Now. But, man, do they ever sound a lot like women? ____42____, we think of them as ladies too. In Old Norse(古挪威语), Siri translates to “a beautiful woman who leads you to victory”. We assign female pronouns to them, and, in turn, they fold female turns of phrase into their robotic and occasionally silly answers to our requests.
If we prize gender diversity(多样性) in other areas of daily life, why does our tech sound so____43____? The biggest reason for the female phone fixation rests in social science. “Research indicates there’s likely to be greater acceptance of female____44____,” says Karl MacDorman, a professor at Indiana University who specializes in human computer interaction. MacDorman and his team played clips of male and female voices to people of both genders, then asked them to identify which they____45____. The researchers also measured the way participants responded to the voices. In a 2011 paper, they reported that both women and men said female voices came across as warmer. ____46____, women even showed a subconscious preference for responding to females; men remained subconsciously neutral.
Why the____47____? Stanford University communications professor Clifford Nass wrote that people tend to see female voices as helping them solve their problems by themselves, while they view male voices as authority figures who tell them the answers to their problems. We want____48____ to help us, but we also want to be the boss of it, so we are more likely to choose a female interface(接口程序).
This tendency suggests that companies will make a better impression on a ____49____ group of customers with a woman's voice. But not just any voice. It has to ____50____ a brand’s personality. For help with that, companies often turn to Greg Pal, vice president of marketing, strategy, and business development at Nuance Communications, which licenses its ____51____of more than 100 voices. Pal insists that some brands choose male speakers. He turned on his iPhone and pulled up the Domino's Pizza app, which has an assistant, Dom. He sounded like a high school English teacher--educated and helpful but not ____52____. That's about right for a brand attempting to ____53____ guys ordering pies before the big game.
As voice technology improves, though, designers say diversity will too. Many devices already let you ____54____ a voice interface. For example. Homer Simpson, a famous cartoon character can tell you where to take a left on our GPS device. And Siri can become a sir, if you take the time to____55____. Want to know how to do it? Ask her. She'll tell you in her uniquely warm, helpful--and female--tone. 41. A. robotic 43.A. female 44. A. charm
B. high-tech B. Obviously B. ridiculous B. professors
C. genderless C. professional C. speech
D. creative D. Undoubtedly D. reasonable D. participants
42.A. Culturally
C. Grammatically
45.A. accepted B. misunderstood B. On the contrary B. prejudice B. technology B. develop B. business B. bossy
B. look into B. customize
C. studied
D. preferred D. At first D. conscience D. society D. wealthier D. suit D. library D. unique D. run after D. answer D. improve D. communicate
46. A. In practice 47. A. neutrality 48. A. interaction 50. A. improve 51. A. market 52.A. strange 54. A. educate
C. By this means C. authority C. personality C. broader C. admire C. reliable C. leave
49. A. more sociable B. more talented
C. research C. meet with
53. A. appeal to
A. build B. tailor C. play 55. A. repeat 41-45 CAACD
B. assist
C. reprogram
(宝山区只有54题选项单词与长宁等3区不一样)
46-50 ABBCD 51-55 DBABC
Two杨浦区 Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Good news for awkward teenagers around the world. As time goes by, you could ___41___ up like a completely different person.
This comes from the longest running personality study ever ___42__ by scientist. According to researchers from the University of Edinburgh in the UK, our personality changes so much from youth to old age that most people’s personalities in older age are barely ___43___ compared to their younger selves. The researchers analyzed results from a study in 1947, which gathered 1,208 teenagers in Scotland aged 14 and asked their teachers to ___44___ their personalities based on six traits（特征） .
Now, more than six decades later, the University of Edinburgh team has managed to contact 635 of the ___45___ students, and 174 agreed to have their personalities tested once more.
At an average age of 76.7 years old, the group were asked to ___46___ themselves on the same six personality traits, then pick a close friend or family member to do the same.
By ___47___ the then-and-now test results, the researchers found that there is hardly any relationship between traits people had as teenagers and those in their older years.
It was “as if the second tests had been given to ___48___ people,” the study’s researchers wrote in their report, which was published in journal Psychology and Aging.
The results were a surprise because research in the past found personality ___49___ in people tested from childhood to middle-age, and from middle-age to older age.
As the team explained, our personality appears stable over short intervals -- ___50___ so throughout adulthood. ___51___, the longer the interval between two tests of personality, the ___52___ the relationship between the two tends to be.
It’s clear that more studies are needed to find out what’s going on here. But it could be the first ___53___ that it’s not just our cells that are being ___54___ throughout life – the way we think, feel and behave might no be as ___55___ as we once thought. 41. A. hold B. wake C. end D. cheer
42. A. carried out B. applied to C. participated in D. made up 43. A. incredible B. accessible C. changeable D. recognizable 44. A. assemble B. assess C. assume D. access 45. A. alternative B. individual C. original D. separate 46. A. score B. rate C. comment D. remark 47. A. comparing B. reviewing C. presenting D. observing 48. A. young B. similar C. amateur D. different 49. A. combination B. stability C. transformation D. flexibility 50. A. increasingly B. strangely C. subsequently D. obviously 51. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Otherwise 52. A. stronger B. closer C. further D. weaker 53. A. option B. sign C. symptom D. cause 54. A. replaced B. exposed C. divided D. cultivated 55. A. stuck in mud B. buried in sand C. lost in thought D. set in stone
41-55 CADBC BADBA CDBAD Three 普陀区 Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently _________boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers are _______as big heroes.
It seems to me that people, especially men, find it _______because it is an aggressive sport. When they watch a boxing match, they can _______ the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a ______ themselves. It is a fact that many people have feeling of aggression from time to time, but they cannot show their _______in their everyday lives. Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression.
However, there is a ______side to boxing. It can be a very dangerous sport. Although boxers wear gloves during the fights, and amateur boxers ______have to wear helmets, there have frequently been accident in both professional and amateur boxing, sometimes with ________consequences. Boxers have suffered from head injuries, and occasionally, fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the__________. Furthermore, studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing, in the form of serious brain _______, even if a boxer has never been knocked out.
I am personally not at all in ______of aggressive sports like boxing. I think it would be better if less time was _______to aggressive sports on TV, and we welcomed more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society. I believe that the world is aggressive enough already! Of course, people like _______sports, and so do I, but I think that ______other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.
41. A. broadcast B. cover C. host D. design 42. A. kept B. individual C. thought D. treated 43. A. appealing B. subjective C. violent D. challenging 44. A. pick up B. believe in C. identify with D. long for
45. A. winner B. spectator C. inspector D. trainer 46. A. ambition B. aggression C. energy D. strength 47. A. positive B. indifferent C. deadly D. negative 48. A. otherwise B. somehow C. even D. barely 49. A. dramatic B. eye-catching C. emotional D. special 50. A. court B. ring C. pitch D. yard 51. A. loss B. drain C. damage D. disorder 52. A. favour B. process C. charge D. power 53. A. shifted B. transformed C. given D. delivered 54. A. competitive B. quiet C. cooperative D. regular 55. A. invading B. insulting C. teasing D. hitting 41-45 BDACA 46-50 BDCAB 51-55CACAD
Four闵行松江区 Section B
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
To Apologize or Not to Apologize
Why difficult? When we do wrong to someone we know, even not 41 , we are generally expected to apologize so as to improve the situation. But when we’re acting as leaders, the circumstances are 42 . The act of apology is carried out not merely at the level of the 43 but also at the level of the institution. It is a performance in which every word or expression 44 , as they become part of the public record. Refusing to apologize can be smart, or it can be stupid. So, readiness to apologize can be seen as a sign of strong character or as a sign of weakness. Why now? The question of whether leaders should apologize publicly has never been more 45 . During the last decade or so, the United States in particular has developed an apology culture—apologies of all kinds and for all sorts of wrongdoings are made far more 46 than before. More newspaper writers have written about the growing importance of 47 apologies. Meanwhile, more and more articles, advice columns, and radio and television programs have similarly dealt with the subject of 48 apologies. Although they are not carried out in the public place, we can’t neglect the importance of this performance. Why 49 ?
Why do we apologize? Why do we ever put ourselves in situations likely to be difficult, embarrassing, and even risky? Leaders who apologize publicly could be an easy target for 50 . They are expected to appear strong and capable. And whenever they make public statements of any kind, their individual and institutional reputations are in danger. Clearly, then, leaders should not apologize often. For a leader to express apology, there needs to be a strong 51 . Leaders will publicly apologize if and when they think the costs of doing so are lower than the costs of not doing so. Why refuse? Why is it that leaders so often try every means to 52 apologies, even when a public apology seems to be in order? Their reasons can be individual or institutional. Because leaders are public figures, their apologies are likely to be personally uncomfortable and even 53 risky. Apologies can be signals
for admitting mistakes and mistakes can be indication of job insecurity. Leaders may also be afraid that 54 of a mistake will damage or destroy the organization for which they are responsible. There can be good reasons for hanging tough (硬撑) in tough situations, as we shall see, but it is a high-risk 55 . 41. A. immediately B. intentionally C. occasionally 42. A. simple B. ridiculous C. abnormal 43. A. individual B. company C. family 44. A. conflicts B. matters C. appeals 45. A. urgent B. possible C. necessary 46. A. interestedly B. patiently C. frequently 47. A. faithful B. trusty C. immediate 48. A. sincere B. acceptable C. private 49. A. bother B. reduce C. regret 50. A. promotion B. criticism C. appreciation 51. A. personality B. will C. reason 52. A. attempt B. involve C. commit 53. A. financially B. professionally C. academically 54. A. avoidance B. admission C. involvement 55. A. fulfillment B. statement C. occupation 41-45 BDABA 46-50 CDCAB 51-55 CDBBD D. accidentally D. different D. society D. deceives D. simple D. hopefully D. public D. positive D. ignore
D. identification D. desire D. avoid D. physically D. elimination D. strategy
Five徐汇区 Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The Paris agreement to fight climate change became international law Friday. The landmark deal aims to deal with global warming among growing (41)______ that the world is becoming hotter even faster than scientists expected.
So far, 96 countries, accounting for just over two-thirds of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions, have formally joined the agreement, which (42)______ to limit global warming this century to 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above what it was before machines and (43)______ appeared in the late 1700s. The United States (44) ______ entered into the agreement in September, and more countries are expected to come aboard in the coming weeks and months.
United Nations Secretary General Ban-Ki Moon celebrated the event, talking with nongovernmental groups at U.N. headquarters in New York to hear their concerns and (45)______ for the future.
“This is an emotional moment for me. It is a credit to all of you. And it is (46)______ for the world,” Ban said in his opening remarks.
He praised the (47)______ for getting hundreds of millions of people to back fighting climate change but (48)______ the outcome remained uncertain.
“We are still in a race (49)______ time. We need to move on to a low-emission and climate-sustainable future,” Ban added.
Scientists praised the speed at which the agreement, signed by 192 parties last December in Paris, has come into force, saying it shows a new commitment by the international community to (50)_____ a problem that is melting polar ice caps, sending sea levels (51)______and transforming vast areas into desert.
“(52)______ the real effect of the agreement after it goes into effect is still uncertain, it is a simple
上海市2017届高三英语二模汇编-完型填空
