名词性从句
【名词性从句】相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。 宾语从句——在复合句中作主句及物动词的宾语，也可作介词或某些形容词的宾语 不担任成分 只起连接作用 1.连接词 从属连词 关系代词 that whether if 既担任成分，又起连接作who whom whose what 用。 which 主语，宾语或表语等 既担任成分，又起连接作关系副词 when where why how 用 常担任状语 ? I think (that) you will like the pictures. ? He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago. ? I don’t know why Jane was late for school this morning. ? The teacher is pleased with what she said. ? I'm afraid that I can't go to the party. 2.注意事项 ①由that 引导的宾语从句(that通常可以省略)。但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。
? He told me (that) he was ill and that he would not come to the party. ②陈述语序
? I want to know what he has told you.
? She will give whoever needs help a warm support. ③注意宾语从句中的时态呼应。
当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。 当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。 ④否定转移
若主语谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等, 其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义, 一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上, 从句谓语用肯定式。
? I don’t think this dress fits you well.我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。 ⑤形式宾语
it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语. it不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语-that从句则放在句尾, 特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。
? We often hears it that travel boarden the mind.
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? I made it clear that I was determined to carry out the plan.
? I consider it necessary that we should spend more time practising spoken English.
? We think it possible that the young master at least two foreign languages. ⑥某些动词后面，宾语从句的谓语要求用虚拟。
这类动词常见的有：command（命令）, demand（要求）, desire（希望）, insist（坚持）, order（命令）, propose（提议）, recommend（推荐）, request（要求）, require（要求）, suggest（建议）等。
He proposed that we ( should ) set a dead line for the complement of the plan . 他提议拟定一个执行计划的期限
表语从句—在复合句中作表语的名词性从句, 放在动词之后, 一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。 ? 可以接表语从句的系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。 ? 引导表语从句的that常可省略。
? 另外, 常用的还有the reason why … is that … 和It is because …等结构 1). The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. 2). This is why we can’t get the support of the people.
3). But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes. 4). The reason he is late for school is that he missed the bus. 注意事项： ? 表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
? 不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。 ? 不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。
? that在表语从句中不可以省掉。 小试牛刀：在以下从句中填入合适的连接词，并指出是何种从句 1. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ______ I disagree. 2. The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand ____ they insist on going on motor-bike.
3. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _____ I thought was a dangerous speed.
4. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
5. I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter ________ I’m talking to.
6. Parents are taught to understand ____ important education is to their children’s future.
7. These wild flowers are so special I would do ________ I can to save them. 8. I read about it in some book or other, does is matter _______ it was? 9. Mary wrote an article on ____ the team had failed to win the game. 10. The poor young man is ready to accept _________ help he can get.
主语从句---从句在整个句子中充当主语的成分 主语从句一般有三种结构： 2
1. 主语从句+谓语 That she will win the match is certain. 2.主语从句+形容词（名词词组、过去分词）+that从句 ? It is important that we teens should learn English. ? It is a good news that he will attend the meeting on behalf of our school. ? It is said that our school will hold a sports meeting 3. It +seem (happen，appear等不及物动词)+that从句 It seems that Katy is not coming to this party.
同位语从句----在句中作同位语，它一般要放在主句中某些名词的后面，说明这些名词的含义。 可跟同位语从句的名词主要有：fact, news, promise, reason, idea, hope, word, belief等。 如：We heard the news that our team had won. 注意事项：定从与同位语从句的区别，不要混淆哦！ 一、 先行词 1．定语从句的先行词是名词或代词；而同位语从句的先行词只能是名词，而且仅限于idea，plan， fact，theory，promise，hope，news，doubt，truth，information，suggestion，question， thought，belief，conclusion等少数名词。例如：
①The boy who is playing football is my classmate． ②Those who work hard will succeed．
③The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody． ④The fact that you are talking about is important．
在①句中，划线部分是定语从句，其先行词是名词 boy，它不能用作同位语从句的先行词。
在②句中，划线部分也是定语从句，其先行词是代词those，代词不能用作同位语从句的先行词。
在③句中，划线部分是同位语从句，其先行词是名词fact，它同样可以用作定语从句的先行词，④句便是一例。
由以上分析可见，同位语从句的先行词一定可以用作定语从句的先行词，但定语从句的先行词不一定能用作同位语从句的先行词。
2．when，where，why引导的定语从句的先行词一定分别是表示时间、地点和原因的名词，而三者引导的同位语从句的先行词则肯定不是表示时间、地点和原因的名词。例如：
①I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing． ②I have no idea when she will be back．
在①句中，划线部分是when引导的定语从句，其先行词day是表示时间的名词；在②句中，划线部分是when引导的同位语从句，其先行词idea则不是表示时间的名词 二、引导词 3
(完整版)高中英语名词性从句详解
