组合练(一) 阅读理解主题练(科学与科技类)
阅读理解＋阅读七选五
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·北京西城区4月统考) What it does
The self-cleaning door handle is combining with advanced photocatalytic(光催化) and black light technology.A light source activates the door’s handle coating，telling it to start cleaning.It can minimize the risk of infection by contact and improve the cleanliness of a space. How it works
The working principle of the product is that a thin advanced photocatalytic coating can effectively decompose bacteria(细菌) on the surface of a substance.A consistent UV light source—inside a transparent glass door handle—is required to activate the door’s handle coating on the outer surface for disinfection，so a generator is used to provide electricity to light up a UV LED lamp by the motion of an opening and closing door.Then，the door handle can clean by itself. Design process
We made the first version by using stainless steel.However，it caused the door handle to be heavier.Then，we tried aluminum，which made it light and easy to fix.We also improved the generator output which effectively turned energy from door movement into a light source. How it is different
Our innovative design is simple，effective，and attractive.It has an elegant smooth shape，and its minimalist appearance stands out in today’s world of inventions.Nowadays，people use chemical cleaning materials to clean up public areas but it harms the human body.Our design can be used for a long time and is effective.It can self-clean after each use.In the door lock and door handle market，it is a unique design because there are no similar products. Future plans
In the future，we will commercialize the product and hope that it can compete on the market with similar products.We are going to connect with public properties，for example，shopping malls，hotels，hospitals and public restrooms，where the risk of spreading infection is higher.
Awards
In addition to winning the James Dyson Award，it has also received the Gold Award，and in 2016，it was featured in the 44th International Geneva Inventions Exhibition.
语篇解读 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了结合先进的光催化和黑光技术的自洁门把手。 1．How does the self-cleaning door handle function? A．It controls the door movement automatically. B．It minimizes the risk of infection by less contact. C．Chemical cleaning materials are used to clean it up. D．The light source tells the door handle coating to clean itself. 答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据What it does中“A light source activates the door’s handle coating，telling it to start cleaning.”可知，光源指示门把手涂层自行清洁。故选D项。 2．Compared with the first version of the product，the present one is . A．safer and cheaper B．cleaner and easier
C．less heavy and more effective D．more attractive and expensive 答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据Design process中的内容可知“我们用不锈钢做了第一个版本。然而，它使门把手更重了。然后，我们尝试了铝，这使它很轻，很容易修复。我们还改进了发电机的输出，有效地将能量从门的运动转化为光源。”因此，与第一代相比，目前这代产品更轻也更有效。故选C项。
3．What do we know about the new invention according to the passage? A．It has been widely used in public areas. B．It has received recognition for its innovation. C．It is quite competitive among similar products. D．It will replace traditional chemical cleaning materials. 答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据How it is different最后一段以及Awards中的内容可以判断出，这款产品的创新得到了认可。故选B项。
B
(2020·东北三省三校联考)
Two years ago, Kursat Ceylan was in New York to give a talk about disability rights at the UN.Blind since birth, the Turkish man was struggling to find his hotel, holding a cane in one hand and pulling his luggage with the other.
“Not surprisingly, suddenly I bumped into a pole，”he says.“It was a bit bloody.” The problem with a cane is that, while it can tell you what’s on the grounds it doesn’t help with objects at the body or head level.It wasn’t the first time Ceylan had run into something, injuring himself.
“I have no problem with my scars, which make me more handsome I guess，” Ceylan says, laughing.“But I don’t need new ones.”
With WeWalk, a new smart cane, Ceylan hopes to help other blind people navigate their environments more easily.The cane uses an ultrasonic(超声波) sensor which detects objects at body or head level and gives a warning vibration.WeWalk users pair the cane with their smartphones and then use the cane’s touchpad to access features like voice assistant or navigation.Before leaving home, they can plug their destination into Google Maps and get spoken directions as they walk.In the future, Ceylan hopes to connect WeWalk with public transportation and ridesharing services.
Assistive technology is often expensive for blind people, says Eelke Folmer, a computer science professor at the University of Nevada-Reno.“But developers fail to realize their devices are out of reach for many blind people.”To Folmer, the price point—$500—sets the WeWalk cane apart from other technologies.
Ceylan sees WeWalk as part of an attempt to help blind people achieve greater freedom of movement, which he believes will give them greater access to education and jobs.The canes are already having an impact on users, Ceylan says.He recently received an email from a teacher in Ireland who had become blind as an adult.He’d been depressed and housebound.“But since getting a WeWalk cane, your device forced me to go out.It became my anti- depressant.” he wrote. 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型智能盲人拐杖，以及其开发原因、独特功能和价格等。 4．Why is a story about Kursat Ceylan given at the beginning of the text? A．To stress the difficulty caused by blindness. B．To show his reason for developing his cane. C．To indicate the problems with present canes. D．To show his positive and humorous character. 答案 B
高三英语复习 阅读理解主题练(科学与科技类)阅读理解+阅读七选五
