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被动语态复习
一 主动语态和被动语态的转换:
主： I + learn + English
被：English + is learned + by me .
谓语动词带双宾时，既可将间接宾语转化为主语，也可以讲直接宾语转化为主语。若将间接宾语转化成主语，则保留直接宾语；若将直接宾语转化成主语则在间接宾语前加上介词to或for。
eg：She gave me a book. → I was given a book. → A book was given to me.
主动句中在感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice 等及使役动词let, make, have等跟省略to的不定式，变为被动句时应加上不定式符号to。 eg：He makes the girl stay at home. → The girl is made to stay at home.
Last Sunday we heard them sing Peking Opera in the theatre. → They were heard to sing Peking Opera in the theatre last Sunday. 二 被动语态的时态变化
1 一般现在时：is (am , are) +过去分词 2 一般过去时：was ( were ) + 过去分词
3 一般将来时：will ( be going to ) + be + 过去分词
4 现在完成时：have (has ) + been + 过去分词 5 过去完成时：had + been + 过去分词 6 现在进行时：is (am , are) + being +过去分词 7 过去进行时：was/were + being done
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8 过去将来时：would /be going to + be done 6 含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词 + be + 过去分词 三 主动结构表被动意义 1. 系动词
smell, look, touch, feel, taste, sound, appear, seem, go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, keep+adj./n.构成系表结构，如：It looks tasty.（它看起来很美味。）
2. write, wash, read, act, cut, draw, sell, cook, drink, drive, lock等单词表示主语性能、特征时，如：The pen writes well.（这支钢笔很好写。）
3. 表示开始、结束、运动的动词begin, finish, start, open, close, stop, end, shut, run, move等，如：The train leaves at 10a.m.（火车早上10点出发。）
4. 少数动词print, cook, fry, hang, build, make用于进行时， 如：The fish is cooking. (鱼正在烧。)
5. “介词+名词”构成介词短语，如：under control, for sale(出售)，in print(在印刷中)，out of control(控制不了)，on trial(受审) 6. 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语
fit, have, wish, cost, agree with, arrive at/in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from(遭受), happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to, worth doing等
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三 经典练习题
1) It is said that a new robot ____by him in a few days.
A) designed
B) has been designed
painted
6) My pictures ____until next Friday.
A) won't develop B) aren't developed C) don't develop D) won' t be developed
7) Tim ____since he lost his job three weeks ago.
A) had been unemployed C) has been unemployed
B) was unemployed D) has unemployed
C) will be designed D) will have been designed
2) We are late. I expect the film ____by the time we get to the cinema. A) will already have started B) would already have started C) shall have already started D) has already been started 3) She will stop showing off if no notice____ of her.
A) is taken B) takes C) will be taken D) has taken 4) Diamond ____in Brazil in 1971.
A) is found B) has been found C) was found D) had been found
5)“Have you moved into the new flat?”“Not yet. The room____.” A) has been painted B) is painted C) paints D) is being
8) A great number of colleges and universities ____since 1949. A) has been establish C) have established
B) have been established
D) had been established
9) I'll have to push the car to the side of the road because we ____if we leave it here.
A) would be fined B) will be fined C) will being fined D) will have been fined
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初中被动语态及习题(答案)
