62. 社会科学是知识探索的一个分支，它力图像自然科学家研究自然现象那样，用理性的、有序的、系统
的和冷静的方式研究人类及其行为。
63. 强调收集第一手资料，加上在分析过去和现在文化形态时采用跨文化视角，使得这一研究成为一门独
特并且非常重要的社会科学。
64. 泰勒把文化定义为“……一个复合整体，它包括人作为社会成员所获得的信仰、艺术、道德、法律、风
俗以及其它能力和习惯”。
65. 因此，人类学中“文化”概念就像数学中“集”的概念一样，是一个抽象概念，它使大量的具体研究
和认识成为可能。
Section IV: Writing (20 points) 66. 参考范文
As is shown in the two pictures, the same flower has different fate when put in different situations. When there is protection, the flower blooms beautifully. However, when exposed directly to rain and storm, the flower quickly withers. We can safely come to the conclusion that greenhouse flowers cannot withstand rain and storm.
The same is true with our children. As the one-child policy is adopted in China, more and more parents overprotect their children. With everything done for them and every need satisfied by their parents or grandparents, these only children seem to be healthy, happy and high-spirited. But when they leave home, they become disappointed and frustrated. Facing harsh things they have never experienced before, such as competition from peers, criticism from supervisors, pressure for deadlines and restriction for discipline, they will be at a loss, miserable or even desperate. In fact, the more protection they get from their parents, the less ability they acquire. Parents’ love for their children turns out to be a disaster.
Children, like flowers, should be treated with care, but reasonable and sensible ways of doing things will help to bring about more fruitful results, if we not only love our children but also teach them how to love, our love will be passed down from generation to generation; if we not only solve problems for our children but also encourage them to solve problems, our diligence and ingenuity will make our life more meaningful and worthwhile.
2002年考研英语（一）试题
全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题 (一)
Section II Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened ___21___. As was discussed before, it was not ___22___ the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic ___23___, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the ___24___ of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution ___25___ up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading ___26___ through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures ___27___ the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in ___28___. It is important to do so.
It is generally recognized, ___29___, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, ___30___ by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, ___31___ its impact on the media was not immediately ___32___. As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal” too, as well as ___33___, with display becoming sharper and storage ___34___ increasing. They were thought of, like people, ___35___ generations, with the distance between generations much ___36___.
It was within the computer age that the term “information society” began to be widely used to describe the ___37___ within which we now live. The communications revolution has ___38___ both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been ___39___ views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits” have been weighed ___40___ “harmful” outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.
21. [A] between [B] before [C] since [D] later 22. [A] after [B] by [C] during [D] until
23. [A] means [B] method [C] medium [D] measure 24. [A] process [B] company [C] light [D] form 25. [A] gathered [B] speeded [C] worked [D] picked 26. [A] on [B] out [C] over [D] off
27. [A] of [B] for [C] beyond [D] into
28. [A] concept [B] dimension [C] effect [D] perspective 29. [A] indeed [B] hence [C] however [D] therefore
30. [A] brought [B] followed [C] stimulated [D] characterized 31. [A] unless [B] since [C] lest [D] although
32. [A] apparent [B] desirable [C] negative [D] plausible
33. [A] institutional [B] universal [C] fundamental [D] instrumental 34. [A] ability [B] capability [C] capacity [D] faculty
35. [A] by means of [B] in terms of [C] with regard to [D] in line with 36. [A] deeper [B] fewer [C] nearer [D] smaller 37. [A] context [B] range [C] scope [D] territory
38. [A] regarded [B] impressed [C] influenced [D] effected
39. [A] competitive [B] controversial [C] distracting [D] irrational 40. [A] above [B] upon [C] against [D] with
2002年考研英语（一）答案
Section I: Listening Comprehension (20 points) Part A (5 points) 1. sociology 2. 1930 3. 23 4. religions 5. 1954 Part B (5 points) 6. 7. 8. 9.
cameramen/camera men a personal visit depressed
among advertisements
10. take firm action Part C (10 points) 11. [D] 16. [A] 12. [B] 17. [A] 13. [C] 18. [D] 14. [D] 19. [C] 15. [B] 20. [B] Section II: Use of English (10 points) 21. [A] 26. [A] 31. [D] 36. [D] 22. [D] 27. [D] 32. [A] 37. [A] 23. [C] 28. [D] 33. [A] 38. [C] 24. [B] 29. [C] 34. [C] 39. [B] 25. [B] 30. [B] 35. [B] 40. [C] Section III: Reading Comprehension (50 points) Part A (40 points) 41. [C] 46. [C] 51. [B] 56. [B] Part B (10 points)
61. 难题在于所谓的行为科学几乎全都依然从心态、情感、性格特征、人性等方面去寻找行为的根源。
42. [B] 47. [C] 52. [D] 57. [C] 43. [D] 48. [D] 53. [D] 58. [B] 44. [D] 49. [B] 54. [A] 59. [A] 45. [A] 50. [C] 55. [A] 60. [D]
62. 行为科学之所以发展缓慢，部分原因是用来解释行为的依据似乎往往是直接观察到的，部分原因是其
他的解释方式一直难以找到。
63. 自然选择在进化中的作用仅在一百多年前才得以阐明，而环境在塑造和保持个体行为时的选择作用则
刚刚开始被认识和研究。
64. 自由和尊严 (它们) 是传统理论定义的自主人所拥有的，是要求一个人对自己的行为负责并因其业绩而
给予肯定的必不可少的前提。
65. (如果) 这些问题得不到解决，研究行为的技术手段就会继续受到排斥，解决问题的唯一方式可能也随
之继续受到排斥。
Section IV: Writing (20 points) 66. 参考范文
Cultures -- national and international
As is shown in the picture, a young American girl is wearing traditional Chinese dress and ornaments and is smiling sweetly. It may be an ordinary picture, but it conveys deep and profound meaning: national culture is also international culture.
Ever since we opened our door to the world, we have attracted and influenced by things from other cultures, such as jeans, country music and fast food. We have shown such interest in them that some people, especially the younger generation, become crazy about them. The more exotic they are, the more fashionable they seem to be. Now, national culture begun to show its charm and gain popularity all over the world. Our national costume, just as shown in the picture, Beijing Opera, Cross Talk, for example, have won favor with a lot of foreigners.
As national culture becomes international culture, people in the world better understand each other. We are all villagers in this global village. Mutual respect and understanding make this world a better place to live in.
2000-2013年考研英语完形填空真题和答案（英语一）
