中国地质大学江城学院
课程设计（论文）
从自然主义解读德莱赛的小说《嘉莉妹妹》
姓 名： 吴芳玲
专 业： 英日双语
班 级： 0
学 号： 06
摘 要
美国作家西奥多德莱塞被以为美国自然主义的杰出代表，本文以其第一部小说《嘉莉妹妹》为例分析德莱塞自然主义的一些特点。论文从德莱塞创作《嘉莉妹妹》的历史文化背景动身，研究德莱塞在《嘉莉妹妹》中表现出来的自然主义思想。论文涉及该小说的要紧三大背景：一是达尔文主义和宿命论；二是美国然主义；三是19世纪末在美国兴起的消费主义。同时分析自然主义的三大特点：欲望,本能和环境,最后得出结论：《嘉莉妹妹》一文中主人公嘉莉妹妹的最终命运与德莱塞本人的命运息息相关，赫思渥德的最终堕落也是德莱塞惧怕失败的结果。而德莱塞却把嘉莉妹妹和赫思特渥德最终得不到幸福归因于“人心”。
关键词： 自然主义 达尔文主义 欲望 人性环境
Abstract
Theodore Dreiser is regarded as an outstanding representative of American naturalism. In this thesis, Dreiser’s first novel Sister Carrie is taken as an example to analyze the features of Dreiser’s naturalism. The thesis referred to three great historical and cultural background of the novel which are Darwinism，Determinism. American Naturalism and Consumerism. Meanwhile the thesis analyzes three features of naturalism. At last, we can draw the conclusion that the leading character of the novel-Carrie’s destiny has a great connection with Dreiser himself and the decline of Hurstwood is a result of Dreiser’s fear of failure, but Dreiser attributes Carrie and Hurstwood’s unhappiness to their insatiable desire for life or they are doomed to be unhappy etc, and from which we can see Dreiser’s naturalism easily.
Key Words：Naturalism Darwinism Consumerism desire environment
美国文学嘉莉妹妹的分析
