上海市七宝中学2021届高三9月月考英语试题
II. Grammar
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
A new study shows that ___1___(good) your short-term memory, the faster you feel fed up and decide you’ve had enough. The findings appear in the Journal of Consumer Research.
Noelle Nelson, assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior at the University of Kansas School of Business. She and her colleague Joseph Redden at the University of Minnesota tried to think outside the lunch box. “Something that was interesting to me is that some people get tired of things ___2___ very different rates. When you think about pop songs on the radio, some people must still be enjoying them and requesting them even after hearing them a lot. But a lot of other people are really sick of those same songs.” The difference, the researchers supposed, might have to do with memories of past consumption.
The researchers tested the memory capacity of undergraduates. The students then viewed a repeating series of three classic paintings…like The Starry Night, American Gothic, and The Scream…or listened and re-listened to a series of three pop songs…or three pieces of classical music. Throughout the test, the participants were asked to rate their experience on a scale of zero to ten. “We found that people with larger capacities remembered more about the music or art, which led to them ___3___(get) tired of the music or art more quickly. So remembering more details actually made the participants feel like they’d experienced the music or art more often.” The findings suggest that marketers ___4___ cope with our desire for their products by figuring out ways to distract us and keep us from fully remembering our experiences. We could also trick ____5____ into eating less junk food by recalling the experience of a previous snack. As for kids easily bored, just tell them to forget about it—it might help them have more fun.
Clearly if we are to participate in the society in which we live, we must communicate with other people. A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-to-person basis by the simple means of speech. If we travel in buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are likely to have conversations ___6___ we give information or opinions, receive news or comment and very likely have our views ___7___(challenge) by other members of society. Face-to face contact is by no means the only form of communication and during the last two hundred years the art of mass communication ___8___(become) one of the dominating factors of current society. Two things, above others, have caused the enormous growth of the communication industry. Firstly, inventiveness has led to advances in printing, telecommunications, photography, radio and television. Secondly, speed has revolutionized the transmission
and reception of communications___9___ local news often takes a back seat to national news, which itself is often almost eclipsed (失去优势) by international news.
No longer is the possession of information restricted to a wealthy minority. In the last century the wealthy man with his own library was indeed fortunate, but today there are public libraries. Forty years ago, people used to go to the cinema, but now far more people sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a program that ___10___(channel) into millions of homes….. 【答案】1. the better 2. at 3. getting 4. could /can 5. ourselves
6. where 7. challenged 8. has become
9. so that 10. is being channeled 【解析】 【分析】
这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，你的短期记忆越好，你就会越快感到厌倦，并认为自己已经受够了。这项研究结果发表在《消费者研究》杂志上。同时说明了实验的过程以及说明如今人们的沟通方式的变化。 【1题详解】
the+比较级”结构表示“越……，考查形容词比较级。结合下文the faster you feel fed up可知为“the +比较级，越……”，故填the better。 【2题详解】
考查介词。句意：我感兴趣的是，人们对同一事物感到厌倦的速度有很大差异。“at …rate”表示“以……的速度”，是固定搭配。故该空填介词at。 【3题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们发现，能力更强的人对音乐或艺术的记忆更多，这导致他们更快地厌倦音乐或艺术。lead to意为“导致”，to是介词，后面接动名词作宾语。故该空填动名词getting。 【4题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：研究结果表明，市场营销人员可以通过分散我们的注意力，不让我们完全记住自己的经历，来操纵我们对产品的欲望。根据下文cope为动词原形可知本空应填情态动词，表示“可以”，故填could/can。 【5题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：我们也可以通过回忆以前吃零食的经历来欺骗我们自己少吃垃圾食品。trick sb into doing sth“诱使某人做某事”。结合语境以及上文we可知此处表示“我们自己”应用反身代词。故填ourselves。 【6题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：如果我们乘公共汽车旅行，在商店买东西，或在餐馆吃饭，我们很可能在交谈中提供信息或意见，接收新闻或评论，很可能我们的观点会受到社会其他成员的挑战。分析句子结构可知，___6___ we give information or opinions, receive news or comment and very likely have our views ___7___(challenge) by other members of society是定语从句，修饰conversations，引导词在从句中作抽象地点状语，需用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 【7题详解】
考查非谓语动词。本句为“have sth. done”结构，challenge与views构成被动关系应用过去分词，故填challenged。 【8题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。根据上文during the last two hundred years可知应用现在完成时，主语为the art of mass communication，谓语动词用单数。故填has become。 【9题详解】
考查连词。句意：其次，信息传播的速度已经彻底改变了通信的传输和接收方式，所以地方新闻常常被置于国家新闻之后，而国家新闻本身也常常被国际新闻所掩盖。本句为结果状语从句，表示“所以”，故填so that。 【10题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：现在越来越多的人坐在家里，打开电视看正在被传输到千家万户的电视节目……。that ___10___(channel) into millions of homes是定语从句，修饰a program。空处在句中作谓语。根据时间状语now，结合句意，人们观看的是正在被传输的电视节目，因此应用现在进行时态。且that指代a program是单数，和channel之间是被动关系，句子应用被动语态，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。综上，故填is being channeled。
【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：
(1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)
(2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)
(3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制
2021届上海市七宝中学高三9月月考英语试题(解析版)
