必备英语【初中英语】 短语动词难点总结 练习
一、短语动词
1．—Could we the arriving time for school to 8:00 am, Mr. Li? —You mean 7:30 is a little earlier? Let's discuss it with the headmaster.
A. find out B. give up C. put off D. cut out 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——李先生，我们可以将到校时间推迟到早上八点吗？——你意思是7点半早了一点吗？那么我们和校长一起商量一下吧。A.弄明白；B.放弃；C.推迟；D.切断。由于觉得7点半有的早，所以将时间推迟到8点，故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意find out，give up，put off和cut out的词义和用法。
2．— Mary, how can I get to Xianning from Wuhan next week? — You'd better take a train. the suitable trains in the timetable.
A. Set up B. Look up C. Take up D. Put up 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：——玛丽，下个星期我怎样才能从武汉到达咸宁？——你最好坐火车去。在时间表中查找合适的列车。A. Set up建立；B. Look up查找；C. Take up从事；D. Put up张贴，举起。这里是表示查找，故答案为B。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。理解句意并掌握词组的意义和用法。
3．I a stone in a dark street and hurt my knees.
A. fell over B. fell off C. fell away 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：我在黑暗中被一块石头……，弄伤了我的膝盖。A.被绊倒； B.从……落下； C.离开，消瘦。故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析。
4．一 I failed in the driving test again. Sorry to let you down.
一 How come? I've helped you practice enough.
A. pick……up B. help…… out C. make……disappointed 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——我驾考又没过关，对不起，让你失望了。——怎么回事？我已经帮助你练习的够多了。let sb down让某人失望；pick up拾起；help out帮助摆脱困境；make sb disappointed让某人失望。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语。
5．If he keeps on working so hard, he'll under the pressure of work.
A. break down B. break away C. break out D. break into 【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意：如果他继续这么努力工作，他会在工作的压力下垮掉的。break down出故障，抛锚；（健康）垮掉。break away脱离；break out爆发；break into闯入。根据句意，故答案为A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，熟记短语，理解句子，根据句意判断。
6．— Excuse me, may I take a seat here?
— Of course.
A. sit B. sleep C. smoke 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：——打扰一下，我可以坐这儿吗？——当然。take a seat坐下，sit坐；sleep睡眠；smoke抽烟。故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语。
7．—The box is too heavy to carry. What's in it? —Oh, it is________ books
A. filled with B. covered with C. used for D. asked for 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：—这箱子重得搬不动。里面是什么？。—噢，它装满了书。be filled with意为“用……装满”；be covered with意为“用……覆盖”；be usede for意为“用来做”；be asked for意为“请求”。根据句意重得搬不动，应该是装满了书。故答案为A。 【点评】考查短语动词be filled with,同义词组为be full of
8．The boats take different routes, but they all____ in the same place.
A. give up B. clear up C. end up D. make up 【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:这些船走不同的路线，但是他们的终点都在同一个地方。give up放弃；clear up清理干净；end up结束；make up 编造，弥补。根据句意可知，船走的路线不同，但是都在同一个地方结束，即都去同一个地方。故选C。 【点评】考查动词短语。
9．—Do you know who _______ my umbrella? I can't find it.—Sorry. I went out just now. A. took away B. took up C. took off D. took out 【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意：---你知道谁拿走了我的雨伞吗？我找不到了。---对不去，我刚才出去了。take away拿走；take up拿起；从事；take off脱掉；起飞；take out取出。根据句意，故答案为A。【点评】考查动词短语辨析，熟记take构成的短语，根据句意判断答案。
10．- Look! Smiths are playing basketball.
- Let's them.
A. The; join in B. The; join C. A; join in D. A; join 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：看！史密斯一家正在打乒乓球。让我们和他们一起打篮球吧。 “the+姓氏名词的复数”表示“…一家”或“…夫妇”, Smiths史密斯姓氏复数，故前用the；而join sb.和某人在一起，join them和他们一起打球．故选B。
【点评】定冠词（the）;动词词义辨析。
11．— How long does it take you to prepare for the English exam?
— It takes me about one week and a half.
A. take off B. decide on C. get ready for 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——你准备英语考试花了多长时间？——花了一个半周。prepare for为……做准备；take off脱下；起飞；decide on决定；get ready for为……做准备。故选Ｃ。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
12．The students ought to wear school uniforms when they're at school.
A. are supposed to B. are allowed to C. would like to D. love to 【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:当学生们在学校的时候应该穿校服。ought to的意思是应该，后跟动词的原形。be supposed to 被认为应该做某事；be allowed to do sth.被允许去做某事；would like to 愿意去做某事；love to 喜欢去做某事。故选A。 【点评】考查动词。
13．Eton College in England was in 1440 by King Henry VI to give free education to poor students．
A. cleaned up B. set up C. fixed up D. cheered up 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：英国的伊顿大学是由亨利六世在1440建的，为了给贫困的学生免费的教育。clean up打扫干净；set up建起；fix up安排；修理；cheer up使振作起来；使高兴起来。根据句意可知选B。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
14．— When did you take up Japanese as a second foreign language? — When I was 6 years old．
A. start to learn B. refuse to learn C. give up learning 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：——你什么时候把日语作为第二外语学习得？——当我六岁的时候。take up表示开始学习...A、开始学习，B、拒绝学习，C、放弃学习，故选A。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析，首先熟知题意，其次熟知选项每一个动词词组的含义，最后对比题目划线部分含义和选项含义。
15．I can find the meaning of new words by _______ in a dictionary.
A. look them up B. look up them C. looking them up D. looking up them 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：通过查词典，我可以查到新词的意思。介词by后跟动词时用doing，代词作动词短语的宾语时放在两词之间，故选C。
【点评】此题考查动词短语和代词用法。注意代词作宾语时的位置。
16．As a kind of important energy, coal（煤炭） can _______ one day.
A. keep out B. run out C. be run out D. run out of 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】短语run out意为“用完，耗尽（主语是物）”，keep out“阻止……进入”， run out of “用完……东西（主语是人）”；选项C是被动形式，其后应加介词of，故选B。
17．—What are you doing, Uncle Wang?
—I am choosing some clothes and I'll _______ to kids in West China.
A. give them up B. give them away C. give them off D. give them in 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】考查短语辨析。give up意为“放弃”；give away意为“赠送”；give off意为“放出”；give in意为“呈交”。答语句意：我在挑选一些衣服准备送给中国西部地区的孩子们。故选B。
18．Look at the heavy rain! Nobody knows when the plane will _____ and when it will land.
A. get off B. take off C. turn off D. put off 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：看这么大的雨！没有人知道飞机将什么时候起飞，什么时候降落。A. get off下来，下车；B. take off起飞，脱掉；C. turn off关掉；D. put off推迟，拖延。根据句意可知选B。
19．The house is dangerous to live in. It should be
A. looked up B. left out C. thrown away D. pulled down 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：住在这房子里很危险。应该把它拆掉。A. looked up查阅；B. left out遗漏，忽略；C. thrown away扔掉；D. pulled down推倒。危房应该推倒重建，故答案为D。
20．Many scientists have ________ that we will face more serious environmental problems if we can't come up with solutions to deal with pollution.
A. looked out B. called out C. pointed out 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：许多科学家指出，如果我们不能想出解决污染的办法，我们将面临更严重的环境问题。A.looked out小心，当心；B.called out 唤起，出动；C.pointed out指出。根据句意可知，这件事是由科学家们指出来的，故答案为C。 【点评】考查短语动词。理解句意并掌握短语的意义和用法。
21．According to my brother, fishing is an excellent hobby to_______.
A. pick up B. take up C. put up D. turn up 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：根据我哥哥的说法，钓鱼是可以从事的一种非常优秀的爱好。A.pick up捡起；B.take up从事；C.put up张贴；D.turn up出现。根据take up a hobby从事
【初中英语】 短语动词难点总结 练习(1)
