考研英语传统阅读与新题型的\必杀技\二)
上一篇我们以经济学相关内容的阅读理解为例，向大家解析了传统阅读的解题技巧，在这篇\必杀技\中，我们依然用实体文章向09年考生讲解阅读理解的解题方法与技巧。下面以选自于万学·海文教研中心研发的《2009考研英语阅读理解技巧标准全书》中的一篇与医学相关的篇目为例，教你掌握阅读理解中新题型的解题\必杀技\。
阅读新题型--段落排序题 医学篇 Directions:
The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45. you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G to fill in each numbered box. The second, the fifth and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)
[A]The Thorax paper doesn't specify the illnesses that may result from weakened lung function, though there is evidence that a rapid decline on the order of those recorded in the study's most hostile subjects can lead to lung disease, heart disease, and even early death. The study's strength, Wright says, is that it uses an interdisciplinary approach involving psychology and medicine, and relies on objective measures of both hostility and lung function.
[B]The researchers' next steps are to look at whether the effects of hostility are reversible, and to conduct a similar study of a group of younger people, to get a sense of how early these effects can be seen. \Kubzansky, \
[C]Rosalind Wright, assistant professor of medicine at Harvard, notes that the lungs have been neglected in part, because there's no clear-cut event like a heart attack to show evidence of their decline. But Wright and her colleagues, drawing on new data, say doctors need to pay more attention to lung function and talk about it
with at-risk patients.
[D]Stress headaches, stress fractures, and stress-induced heart attacks are already well known to the general public. Now new research suggests that the lungs are vulnerable to the effects of stress as well.
[E]The results, despite their objectivity, may not entirely please doctors, whose time with patients is already tight. \look for: 'You have it or you don't,'\says Wright's fellow author Laura Kubzansky, an assistant professor in the department of society, human development, and health at the Harvard School of Public Health. \non-hostile person' in the way that you can say, 'This is a nonsmoker.' It makes the whole endeavor harder.\
[F]Recently, in the journal Thorax, they published one of the first studies to show that hostility is a risk factor for poor lung function among older men. The researchers found that men who were more hostile at the outset of the study suffered a more rapid rate of decline in their lung function than others. Moreover, the study found that damage to lung function from hostility was comparable to the amount of damage done by cigarettes, an effect even the investigators were surprised to see. That means, says Wright, \may be harmful.\
[G]The researchers analyzed data from a long-term study of 670 men aged 45 to 86 whose hostility and lung function were measured several times during an eight-year period. Lung function was assessed using a spirometer, which measures subjects' lung capacity and rate of airflow when they blow into a tube. Hostility, defined as a personality trait that leads to chronic anger, was measured by a widely used true-false questionnaire that assesses mistrust, resentment, and suspiciousness.
[H]Both Wright and Kubzansky say that this research has made them more focused on how people become hostile in the first place. \changes the way I parent,\says Wright, who is the mother of two children. \they get furious, I'll sit down and have a conversation with each of them-one I wish I could have had myself when I was
young-about how anger at his brother affects him, and about how it affects his brother.\
(一)答题步骤及方法
1.精读题目已经给出的首尾段落，推测所要选填内容谈论的中心。
由于排序题对逻辑严密性要求，一般来说，选填内容的5个段落逻1/4性较强，所谈论内容的中心单一，一旦通过首尾句判定出选填内容的中心，那么在下一步的通读选项中就会有意识的确定每个选项内容和中心的关系，方便下一步对题目的正确解答。
2.通读选项，了解每个选项内容，确认选填部分内容明确的中心并勾画出每个段落中的特征词(特征词分析见第一节选择填空内容)，根据特征词排定大概顺序。
3.再次精读题目已给出的首段内容，根据其内容和结合西方语言习惯确定41号空选填内容。
一般来说，东方人的思维是螺旋型的，西方人则多为直线型。他们在论述一个观点或因果关系时，先直接拿出论点(虽然有时候会引用其他观点作为引出自己观点的铺垫，但对于自己陈述的主要观点部分还是按照先有论点后有论据的顺序进行篇章布局)或结果，然后再去引用论据或原因阐述，这个在历年真题的阅读文章中有较好的体现(本题中的C项和E项)。
41空的正确选填对于整个排序题至关重要，因为它一方面关系到考生答题状况(如果考生第一个空都难以作答，自然会感觉全身紧张，紧张直接影响考试发挥状态，这不是命题人所希望看到的)，另一方面也给出后面选项的答题思路。这一空一般不难，而作为已3/4给出的首段内容必然含41空的选填暗示，考生需要好好分析给出的第一段内容，从选项中找出与之可以承接的内容。
4.根据41空内容和文中关键词，以及选填内容的中心确定42。
5.结合文章中心，对剩余三个选项内容进行对比，确定45空的选填内容。 一般来说，在剩余的三个选项中，45空作为选填内容的结尾段落，其内容的确定比较容易，这也遵从由易到难逐个击破的答题策略。
6.对最后两项进行对比，通过选项内容或选项中的关键词来判定最后两项的排序。 总的来说，5个选项的一般难度分布为41空难度最小，其次为42空，再次之是45空，最难的就是43空和44空，但一旦前面叫容易的三个空解决掉了，后面的两个空也自然迎刃而解。
7.最后一步，文章补充完整之后，检查整个文章的逻辑关系是否合理。 (二)试题分析(技能应用)
考研英语传统阅读与新题型的必杀技(二)
