2016年高考题
1.【2016·北京】26. ________ it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand. A. Made 【答案】D
B. Make
C. Making
D. To make
考点：考查不定式作目的状语 【名师点睛】
一、不定式的作用
1、 作主语：不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。往往用it 作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。如：
It took us two hours to finish the job. It is impossible for us to get there on time. It is very kind of you to help us.
注意：（1）其他系动词如look, appear等也可用于此句型。
（2）当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is …to…的句
型。试比较：
It is to negate my own idea to believe him.（错） To believe him is to negate my own idea .（对）
（3）It is+ adj. of / for sb. to do sth. 结构中，当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词
可以构成系表结构时，用of, 否则用 for.
2、 作宾语
(1) 动词+不定式。如：
He managed to escape from the fire.
I find it hard to get along with him.（it 作形式宾语）
注：下列动词通常用不定式作宾语：want, try, hope, wish, need, forget, know, promise,
refuse, help, decide, begin, start, learn, agree, choose, get等 (1) 动词+疑问词+to , “特殊疑问句+不定式”相当于名词，作宾语。如： I don’t know what to do next/ how to do it next. I can’t decide when to go there.
注意：不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后，用it 作形式宾语。如：
I find it necessary to learn a foreign language.
表见解、看法的动词结构可为：动词+宾语+ to be 的不定式结构。如：
We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class. The book is believed to be useful.（被动语态） (3) There +不定式。如：
We didn’t expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在那里。 注意：（1）有些动词需用 as 短语作补语，像regard, think, believe, take, consider。如：
We regard Eric as our best teacher. 我们认为艾瑞克是我们最好的老师。 Mary took him as her father. 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。
(4) 在动词feel （一感），hear, listen to（二听），have, let, make（三让），notice, see, watch,
observe, look at（五看）(即：吾看三室两厅一感觉)等后面的补足语中，不定式不带to，但变为被动语态后，必须带to。如：
They saw the boy fall off the tree. The boy was seen to fall off the tree. (5) help后面作宾语补足语的不定式可以带to,也可以不带to. I often help him （to）clean the room.
I helped him (to) find his things. 3、 作定语
不定式作定语，修饰名词或代词，不定式和它所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系、动状关系、同位关系或动宾关系。不定式通常要放在这些被修饰的词后。如： I have a lot of work to do.（动宾关系） He is looking for a room to live in.（动状关系） He is the first person to think of the idea.（主谓关系） He has got a chance to go abroad.（同位关系）
注意：1.不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，不定式用主动形式表被动。如： Do you have anything else to say?
2.如果作定语的不定式是一个短语，则要保留不定式短语中的副词或介词。如： I need a pen to write with. (I will write with the pen ) (我需要一支钢笔写字) I have a little baby to look after. (I must look after the little baby ) (我有一个婴儿要照看)
做原因状语。如：
We were very excited to hear the news. I’m glad to see you. (1) 做条件状语。如：
To turn to the left, you could find a post office.
6. 作表语
不定式可放在be动词后面，构成表语。如： The question is how to put it into practice. My question is when to leave. His dream is to be a doctor. Her work is to look after the babies.
注意：1.不定式在句中作表语时，对应的谓语动词用单数。 2.当主语是不定式时，表语不能用V+ing形式，可用不定式。 如：To see is to believe. （眼见为实）(Seeing is believing. ) 7独立结构。如：
To tell you the truth, I don’t agree with you. To make matters worse, it began to rain.
不定式的语态
当不定式的逻辑主语是其动作的承受者时，就用被动式。如： He was seen to enter the hall. He asked to be sent to work in Tibet. 二、省to 的动词不定式
1、 情态动词（除ought 外，ought to） 2、 would rather, had better.
3、 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice, observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel 等后作宾补，
省略 to.
注意：在被动语态中 to 不能省略掉。如：
I saw him dance. He was seen to dance.
The boss made them work the whole night. They were made to work the whole night. 4、 使役动词 let, have, make.
5、 由 and, or 和 than 连接的两个不定式，第二个 to 可以省去。如：He wants to move
to France and marry the girl.
6、 help 可带 to ,也可不带to, help sb. (to) do sth. 7、 Why don’t you…/Why not…
8、 but 和 except 前是动词 do 时，后面出现的动词用不带 to 的动词不定式。试比
较：
He wants to do nothing but go out.
He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.
9、 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand 等词后，可以省去 to be .如：
He is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。
2.【2016·北京】28.______ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
A. Ordering B. To order C. Having ordered D. Ordered 【答案】D
考点：考查过去分词作状语 【名师点睛】
分词作状语
1. 分词作时间状语相当于when引导的时间状语从句；on doing sth. =as soon as。
三年高考(2014-2016)英语试题分项版解析 专题07非谓语动词解析版 Word版含解析
