要掌握一门外语并不意味着只在课堂上学习就行。
8．look forward to，devote oneself to，pay attention to，stick to，devote to，make contributions to，be used to，get used to，object to中的to是介词，因而其后接动名词作宾语，不要误用动词不定式。
(1)I'm looking forward to seeing you again. 我盼望再次看到你。
(2)Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to setting up some schools for poor children.
里德先生决心倾其所有为贫穷孩子建几所学校。
9．在“There is no＋主语” 句型中，常用动名词作主语。 (1)There is no telling what will happen in the future. 很难说未来会发生什么。
(There is no telling...＝It is impossible to tell...) (2)There is no denying that he plotted this rebellion. 无可否认，他策划了这次谋反。 10．关于being＋过去分词。
“being＋过去分词”是分词一般式的被动语态，常用作定语，表示一个正在进行的被动动作。分词短语作状语时，如要表示一个被动动作，用过去分词即可，因为过去分词本身就可表被动，一般不能用being＋过去分词。只有当分词表示一个正在进行而且又是被动的动作时，才可用being＋done (这种用法很少见)。
(1)Founded in 1636，Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
哈佛大学建于1636年，是美国最著名的大学之一。 (不用being founded)
(2)The house being built in our school is for us teachers.Though there's noise most of the day we still feel happy about it.
学校正在修建的那栋房子是给我们教师建的，虽然一天到晚有噪音，我们还是很高兴。 (being built是定语，“正在被修建的”)
(3)Translated into English，the sentence was found to have a completely different word order.
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这个句子译成英语后，词序完全不同了。 (不用being translated) 11．关于分词选定的原则。
分词短语作定语时，分词的选定依据分词与被其修饰的名词的关系而定。如果名词是分词动作的执行者，用现在分词；如果名词是分词动作的承受者，用过去分词。分词短语作状语时，则要看分词与句子主语的关系。如果句子的主语是分词动作的执行者，用现在分词；如果主语是分词动作的承受者，用过去分词。
(1)Seen from the mountain，the city looks beautiful. 从山顶看去，这个城市显得非常美丽。
(2)Seeing from the mountain，we can see the river running through the city. 从山顶看去，我们可以看到一条河流经整个城市。
(第一句：the city“被看”，用过去分词；第二句：“我们看”，表主动，用现在分词)
(3)The computer center，opened last year，is really popular among the students in this school.
去年开放的电脑中心深受本校学生的欢迎。
(the computer center“被开办”，用过去分词opened) (4)The boy running on the playground is from England. 在操场上跑步的男孩是英国人。 (男孩是“跑”的执行者， 用running)
12．judging from/by，considering，generally speaking，roughly speaking，strictly speaking，personally speaking，frankly speaking，talking of，granted that等引导的分词短语在句中作插入语，说明全句。
(1)Judging from his accent，he must be from Guangdong. 从他的口音判断，他一定是广东人。
(2)Generally speaking，girls are more careful than boys. 一般说来，女孩比男孩更细心。 13．关于过去分词given。
given的基本意思是“给”。另外，它还有“特定的”、“假设的”意思，根据上下文，又可把它引申为“考虑到”，在句中作条件状语。
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(1)Given more attention，the trees could have grown better. 如果给予更多的照顾，这些树会长得更好。
(2)Given his age，the performance is really great.(given his age“考虑到他的年纪”)
考虑到他的年纪，他表现得很不错了。
14．分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致，如果不一致，就要在分词前加上其逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。
(1)Finding her car stolen，she hurried to a policeman for help. 发现她的车丢了，她赶紧向警察求助。
(分词的逻辑主语是she，与句子的主语一致，是现在分词作状语) (2)His mother being ill，he had to stay home to look after her. 由于他妈妈病了，他不得不待在家里照顾她。 (his mother being ill是独立主格结构作状语)
观察下列独立主格结构，请注意它们与分词短语作状语的区别。 Everything being ready，we started out.(表原因) 一切都准备好了，我们出发了。
“Mama！” he cried suddenly，tears rolling down his cheeks.(表伴随情况) “妈妈！”他突然大声喊道，眼泪流下了脸颊。 Weather permitting，we'll go outing.(表条件) 天气许可的话，我们就去郊游。
All the tickets having been sold out，we felt very disappointed.(表原因) 所有的票都卖完了，我们感到很失望。
All the guests having arrived，the party was declared open.(表时间) 所有的客人都到齐了，晚会宣布开始。 15．不定式、动名词、分词作定语的区别。
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比较下列画线部分在句中的作用、位置及其与谓语动词的时间顺序： (1)They have no drinking water now.(动名词作定语) 他们现在没有饮用水了。
(2)The book to_be_published is about Dengue fever. 即将出版的书是关于登革热的。
(将要出版的这本书是关于登格热的。不定式作定语) (3)The rising sun is very beautiful.(现在分词作定语) 落日非常美。
(4)The ground is covered with fallen leaves. 落叶满地。(过去分词作定语)
强化训练
Ⅰ.用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1．We got a little________(sunburn)，but the day had been so________(relax)that
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we didn't mind.
2．In the beginning, there was only a very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always________(think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.
3．Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, ________ (wear) sun glasses.
4．I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man ________(sit) at the front.
5.After the student left, the teacher let another student taste the water. He spit it out, ________(say) it was awful.
6.She wished that he was as easy________(please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.
7．For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop________(help) it grow”， is based on the following story.
8．While she was getting me________(settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car.
9．They observed birds flying________(get) ideas, as well as read about other inventors' attempts to make aircraft.
10．Inside the building, the students saw nothing but broken walls and doors and pieces of the building________(lie) all over the place.
11．Within a short time of his death, money started pouring in from all over Scotland________ (support) his widow and children.
12.I got to the office earlier that day，________(catch) the 7：30 train from Padington.
13．________(find) the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.
14．________(complete) all the homework assigned by the school, the students have to work at it till midnight.
15．Dudley, which is probably the heart of the Black Country, has a history________(date) back over 1，000 years.
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高考英语一轮复习语法专题第八讲非谓语动词新人教版
