26、行政控制的对象有（ ABCDE ）。
A、行政工作人员 B、财务 C、工作D、信息 E、组织绩效 27、行政监督的特点是（ ABCDE ）。
A、行政监督主体的层次性 B、法律地位的独立性C、行政监督内容的双向性 D、监督主体的多样性 E、监督对象的双重性 28、行政实施阶段的环节主要包括（ ABCD ）。
A、行政指挥 B、行政控制 C、行政沟通 D、行政协调 E、行政评估 29、社会监督的主体是（ ABCDE ）。
A、政协 B、各民主党派C、各社会团体D、新闻机构 E、公民个人 30、税收的基本特征有（ ABD ）。
A、强制性B、无偿性 C、政治性 D、固定性 E、服务性
1、美国早期的政治家和政治学家主张政治与 行政 分离，这是公共行政学产生的主要推动力。 2、公共行政的首要特点是它的 公共性 。这是公共组织与其他私营部门的主要区别之一。 3、中国公共行政的最大特点是 中国共产党领导的政府 。 4、被称为“组织理论之父”的是 韦伯 。 5、被称为“科学管理之父”的是 泰勒 。 6、被称为“行政管理之父”的是 法约尔 。
7、我国最早提出学习行政学的是 梁启超 ，他于1876年在《论译书》中提出“我国公卿要学习行政学”。 8、公共行政环境的 特殊性 首先表现在各种公共行政环境之间的差异性上。
9、以 价值观 为核心的组织文化是形成组织规范、工作准则、思维方式、行为方式和人际关系准则的源泉。 10、在我国， 为人民服务 是公共组织文化的核心价值观，这是由马列主义的意识形态决定的。 1、提出管理五项职能和14条管理原则的是（ D ）。 A、欧文 B、泰勒 C、韦伯 D、法约尔
2、提出著名的POSDCRB，即七项管理职能的是（ B ）。 A、泰勒 B、古立克 C、韦伯 D、法约尔
3、20世纪30年代，古立克把管理职能概括为（ A ）。 A、计划、组织、人事、指挥、协调、报告、预算 B、领导、决策、组织、指挥、协调、人事、预算 C、计划、领导、人事、指挥、组织、报告、预算 D、计划、领导、人事、沟通、协调、组织、预算 4、第一位试图建立公共行政学体系的是（ C ）。
A、费富纳 B、魏劳毕 C、怀特 D、泰勒
5、我国第一部行政学著作《行政学的理论与实际》的作者是（ C ）。 A、梁启超 B、孙中山 C、张金鉴 D、康有为
6、美国哈佛大学教授（ A ）最先提出对公共行政环境问题进行研究。 A、高斯 B、里格斯 C、德鲁克 D、古立克
7、1961年里格斯发表了（ D ），这是公共行政生态学的代表作，并以生态学方法研究公共行政的风气之先河。 A、《比较公共行政模式》 B、《美国社会与公共行政》 C、《政府生态学》 D、《公共行政生态学》 8、融合型的公共行政模式存在于（ C ）。 A、工业社会 B、原始社会 C、农业社会 D、信息社会 9、衍射型的公共行政模式存在于（ C ）。 A、信息社会 B、原始社会 C、工业社会 D、农业社会 10、按照里格斯的划分，棱柱型是（ D ）。 A、后工业社会的公共行政模式 B、农业社会的公共行政模式 C、工业社会的公共行政模式
D、农业社会向工业社会过渡期间的公共行政模式
1、有些学者是从“三权分立”来界定公共行政范围，认为国家可以分为（ A、C、E ）三种权力。 A、立法 B、监察 C、行政 D、考试 E、司法
2、从广义的管理的角度来界定公共行政范围的行政学家有（A、B、C、E）。 A、西蒙 B、怀特 C、汤姆森 D、孟德斯鸠 E、斯密斯堡
3、传统公共行政时期，也有人称为（ A、B、E ）。 A、科学管理时期 B、表态公共行政学时期 C、人际关系时期 D、动态行政学时期
E、X理论时期
4、奠定公共行政学理论基础的代表人物是（ C、D ），他们提出了政治与行政分离的观点。 A、韦伯 B、法约尔 C、威尔逊 D、古德诺 E、泰勒
5、作为行政学的学科体系的建立是由（ A、B、E ）完成的。 A、怀特 B、魏劳毕 C、泰勒 D、韦伯 E、费富纳
6、一般公共行政环境包括（A、B、C、E）。 A、自然地理环境 B、政治环境 C、经济环境 D、管理对象 E、文化环境
7、具体公共行政环境包括（ B、E ）。 A、自然地理环境 B、管理对象 C、经济环境 D、政治环境 E、组织文化
8、里格斯将公共行政环境模式划分为（ A、C、D ）。 A、融合型公共行政模式 B、分散型公共行政模式 C、棱柱型公共行政模式 D、衍身型公共行政模式 E、集中型公共行政模式
9、下列属于文化环境要素的是（B、C、D、E）。 A、法律制度 B、意识形态 C、道德伦理 D、价值观念 E、教育
10、组织文化包括（A、B、D、E）。 A、组织观念 B、法律意识 C、管理对象 D、价值观 E、道德感情
1、要正确地界定政府职能，必须正确地处理政府与 社会 、政府与 市场 、政府与 社会组织 、政府与 公民 的关系，同时也必须考虑到社会的发展程度和政治民主的发展的水平。 2、马克思认为政府的基本职能有政治统治职能和 社会管理职能 。
3、对市场经济的调控，只能由 政府 进行，其他任何组织都不可能代替政府。 政府 的调控手段主要是制定各种政策。
4、1949年10月21日，根据中华人民共和国中央人民政府组织法规定成立了中央人民政府，即中华人民共和国 政务院 ，下设35个部门。
5、1954年，我国制定了第一部社会主义宪法，改 政务院 为国务院。
6、内阁制，又称议会制、议会政府制、议会内阁制、责任内阁制等。它起源于18世纪的 英 国，后来为许多西方国家所采用。
7、总统制，起源于18世纪末期的 美 国，是以总统既为国家元首，又为政府首脑的中央政府组织形式。 8、半总统制是总统制在 法 国的变形，是由 法 国第五共和国宪法所确立的一种中央政府体制。
9、中国的国务院体制是在总结我党革命根据地政权建设经验的基础上，借鉴了 前苏联 的部长会议制，于1954年形成的。
10、中国地方政府是以 民主集中制 为原则的政府形式。 1、公共行政学研究的核心问题是（ A ）。 A、政府职能 B、行政监督 C、行政决策 D、行政体制
2、政府为公众服务性特点首先表现在其（ C ）上。 A、公平性 B、平等性 C、非赢利性 D、普遍性
3、我国于1998年又进行了机构改革，改革后的国务院原40个部门减为（ D ）。 A、30 B、31 C、28 D、29
4、政府只是充当“守夜人”的角色，也就是“夜警察”的角色的时期是（ A ）。 A、自由资本主义 B、前资本主义 C、当代资本主义 D、垄断资本主义 5、政府由“守夜人”变成“社会主宰者”的时期是（ C ）。 A、前资本主义 B、自由资本主义 C、垄断资本主义 D、当代资本主义 6、行政体制的核心问题是（ D ）。 A、行政权力的划分 B、公共组织设置
C、政府系统的各级各类政府部门职权的配置 D、上述三者，即ABC
7、行政体制的滞后性是由其（ A ）演变而来的。 A、稳定性 B、继承性 C、政治性 D、系统性
8、委员会制又称合议制，起源于19世纪中期的（ B ）。
A、奥地利 B、瑞士 C、瑞典 D、芬兰 9、典型的行政体地方政府是（ B ）的地方政府。 A、加拿大 B、德国 C、印度 D、英国
请您删除一下内容，O(∩_∩)O谢谢！！！【China's 10 must-see animations】The Chinese animation industry has seen considerable growth in the last several years. It went through a golden age in the late 1970s and 1980s when successively brilliant animation work was produced. Here are 10 must-see classics from China's animation outpouring that are not to be missed. Let's recall these colorful images that brought the country great joy. Calabash Brothers Calabash Brothers (Chinese: 葫芦娃) is a Chinese animation TV series produced by Shanghai Animation Film Studio. In the 1980s the series was one of the most popular animations in China. It was released at a point when the Chinese animation industry was in a relatively downed state compared to the rest of the international community. Still, the series was translated into 7 different languages. The episodes were produced with a vast amount of paper-cut animations. Black Cat Detective Black Cat Detective (Chinese: 黑猫警长) is a Chinese animation television series produced by the Shanghai Animation Film Studio. It is sometimes known as Mr. Black. The series was originally aired from 1984 to 1987. In June 2006, a rebroadcasting of the original series was announced. Critics bemoan the series' violence, and lack of suitability for children's education. Proponents of the show claim that it is merely for entertainment. Effendi \and teacher in Turkish, is the respectful name for people who own wisdom and knowledge. The hero's real name was Nasreddin. He was wise and witty and, more importantly, he had the courage to resist the exploitation of noblemen. He was also full of compassion and tried his best to help poor people. Adventure of Shuke and Beita【舒克与贝塔】 Adventure of Shuke and Beita (Chinese: 舒克和贝塔) is a classic animation by Zheng Yuanjie, who is known as King of Fairy Tales in China. Shuke and Beita are two mice who don't want to steal food like other mice. Shuke became a pilot and Beita became a tank driver, and the pair met accidentally and became good friends. Then they befriended a boy named Pipilu. With the help of PiPilu, they co-founded an airline named Shuke Beita Airlines to help other animals. Although there are only 13 episodes in this series, the content is very compact and attractive. The animation shows the preciousness of friendship and how people should be brave when facing difficulties. Even adults recalling this animation today can still feel touched by some scenes. Secrets of the Heavenly Book Secrets of the Heavenly Book, (Chinese: 天书奇谈) also referred to as \or \was released in 1983. The film was produced with rigorous dubbing and fluid combination of music and vivid animations. The story is based on the classic literature \Zhuan\Suppression of the Demons\Feng Menglong. Yuangong, the deacon, opened the shrine and exposed the holy book to the human world. He carved the book's contents on the stone wall of a white cloud cave in the mountains. He was then punished with guarding the book for life by the jade emperor for breaking heaven's law. In order to pass this holy book to human beings, he would have to get by the antagonist fox. The whole animation is characterized by charming Chinese painting, including pavilions, ancient architecture, rippling streams and crowded markets, which fully demonstrate the unique beauty of China's natural scenery. Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf【喜洋洋与灰太狼】 Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf (Chinese:喜羊羊与灰太狼) is a Chinese animated television series. The show is about a group of goats living on the Green Pasture, and the story revolves around a clumsy wolf who wants to eat them. It is a popular domestic animation series and has been adapted into movies. Nezha Conquers the Dragon King（Chinese: 哪吒闹海） is an outstanding animation issued by the Ministry of Culture in 1979 and is based on an episode from the Chinese mythological novel \ A mother gave birth to a ball of flesh shaped like a lotus bud. The father, Li Jing, chopped open the ball, and beautiful boy, Nezha, sprung out. One day, when Nezha was seven years old, he went to the nearby seashore for a swim and killed the third son of the Dragon King who was persecuting local residents. The story primarily revolves around the Dragon King's feud with Nezha over his son's death. Through bravery and wit, Nezha finally broke into the underwater palace and successfully defeated him. The film shows various kinds of attractive sceneries and the traditional culture of China, such as spectacular mountains, elegant sea waves and exquisite ancient Chinese clothes. It has received a variety of awards. Havoc in Heaven The story of Havoc in Heaven（Chinese: 大闹天宫）is based on the earliest chapters of the classic story Journey to the West. The main character is Sun Wukong, aka the Monkey King, who rebels against the Jade Emperor of heaven. The stylized animation and drums and percussion accompaniment used in this film are heavily influenced by Beijing Opera traditions. The name of the movie became a colloquialism in the Chinese language to describe someone making a mess. Regardless that it was an animated film, it still became one of the most influential films in all of Asia. Countless cartoon adaptations that followed have reused the same classic story Journey to the West, yet many consider this 1964 iteration to be the most original, fitting and memorable, The Golden Monkey Defeats a Demon【金猴降妖】 The Golden Monkey Defeats a Demon (Chinese: 金猴降妖), also referred as \is adapted from chapters of the Chinese classics \ The five-episode animation series tells the story of Monkey King Sun Wukong, who followed Monk Xuan Zang's trip to the West to take the Buddhistic sutra. They met a white bone evil, and the evil transformed human appearances three times to seduce the monk. Twice Monkey King recognized it and brought it down. The monk was unable to recognize the monster and expelled Sun Wukong. Xuan Zang was then captured by the monster. Fortunately Bajie, another apprentice of Xuan Zang, escaped and persuaded the Monkey King to come rescue the monk. Finally, Sun kills the evil and saves Xuan Zang. The outstanding animation has received a variety of awards, including the 6th Hundred Flowers Festival Award and the Chicago International Children's Film Festival Award in 1989. McDull【麦兜】 McDull is a cartoon pig character that was created in Hong Kong by Alice Mak and Brian Tse. Although McDull made his first appearances as a supporting character in the McMug comics, McDull has since become a central character in his own right, attracting a huge following in Hong Kong. The first McDull movie McMug Story My Life as McDull documented his life and the relationship between him and his mother.The McMug Story My Life as McDull is also being translated into French and shown in France. In this version, Mak Bing is the mother of McDull, not his father..
电大行政管理学期末复习试题及答案参考资料小抄最新版
