2021新高考新课标实用词汇短语通关必刷
专题三
新课标词汇表中形近词辨析(晨读版)
A
accident 意外 incident 事件
acquire 获得 enquire 询问 inquire 询问 require 需要 He acquired a law degree by taking classes at night . I called the station to enquire about train times.
He inquired whether there had been any messages for him The job will require you to use all your skills to the maximum. affect 影响（vt.） effect 影响（ n.） affection 情感 abroad 国外 aboard 上(船，飞机，火车等） adapt 适应 adopt 采用
We have had to adapt quickly to the new system.
All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem.
admission允许进入；入场费 permission允许；许可 amuse使发笑 amaze使吃惊
They sang songs to amuse themselves during the break.
What amazes me is how long she managed to hide it from us.
adventure v./n.冒险;奇遇 ; *venture n.风险 v.冒风险 admission允许进入；入场费 permission允许；许可 alone 孤独的 alone 单独的 lonely 寂寞的 angel 天使 angle 角度 area 区域 era 时代
arrange 安排 range （from） 在……（范围内）浮动 Can I arrange an appointment for Monday?
She has had a number of different jobs, ranging from chef to swimming instructor.
assure 保证 ensure 使确定 insure 投保; 给…保险; 接受投保; 承保; He is assured of his place in history.（他相信自己一定会在历史上占有一席之地。） The rules are there to ensure everyone's safety and enjoyment. Make sure you insure your camera against loss or damage.
For protection against unforeseen emergencies, you insure your house and your car. attain 达到 obtain 获得 He attained a good mark in the examination.
Evans was trying to obtain a false(假) passport and other documents.
attend 照料；参加 ;注意，专心 intend （to do ） 打算 We'd like as many people as possible to attend. She hadn't been attending during the lesson. I have some urgent business to attend to. We finished later than we had intended.
The notes are intended as an introduction to the course.
attitude 态度 altitude 海拔 longitude 经线 gratitude 感激 award n. 奖品vt.授予 reward n.奖赏；回报vt. 回报；给以报酬 She was awarded the prize for best pictures(最佳影片) in both films. Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour.
B
badge 徽章 bandage 绷带 baggage 行李 luggage 行李 bald 秃的 bold 大胆
beam 梁， 光束 bean 豆 been （be的过去分词） bite 咬 bit 点儿 bloom (blossom) 开花 bosom 胸口
board n.板;木板;委员会;伙食;膳食 v.登上(船/车/飞机)=get on
aboard adv./ prep.在船/车/飞机上 ; boarder n.寄宿生;住校生 border n.边界;边境;国界
bond 联系；纽带 pond 池塘 (be) fond ( of) 喜欢 brand品牌 grand壮丽的；宏伟的
brown 褐色 brow 眼眉 blow 打击 bride 新娘 bribe 贿赂 bridge 桥梁 bullet 子弹 bulletin 公告
bush n.灌木丛 brush n.刷子;画笔;v.刷;擦过 push 推 We pushed and pushed but the piano wouldn't move No one pushed you to take the job, did they? Mud brushes off easily when it is dry.
C
carry 携带 carriage 运输工具 carve 雕刻 cave 洞穴 carton 纸板盒 cartoon 动画
cash 现金 crash 碰撞；坠毁
champion 冠军 champagne 香槟酒 campaign 战役 charge 收费；管理；充电；指控 change 改变 chance 机会 We won’t charge you for delivery.
The committee has been charged with the development of sport in the region. He was charged with murder.
Before use, the battery must be charged.
Information technology has changed the way people work. chart 图标 chat 闲聊 My kids spend hours chatting on the phone to their friends. chicken 鸡 kitchen 厨房
clash (金属)撞击声 crash 碰幢，坠落 crush 压坏 A truck was out of control and crashed into the back of a bus. The car was completely crushed under the truck.
clothing n.(总称) 衣服;服装 clothes n.(复数)衣服 cloth u.n.布料 c.n. 桌布 color 颜色 collar 领子 cellar 地窖 community 社区 communist 共产主义 communication 交流 compromise 妥协 Neither side is prepared to compromise.
commit 犯罪；承担义务 commitment 承诺；保证 Most crimes are committed by young men.
The President is committed to reforming health care.
compose 作曲；构成 composition 作文 Mozart composed his last opera shortly before he died. Ten men compose the committee.
compete 竞争 competition 竞争（ n.） competitor 竞争者 complete 完成；完整的完全的 He’s hoping to compete in the London Marathon. She’s just completed a master’s degree in Law.
conclude结束 include 包括
He concluded from their remarks that they are not in favor of the plan. Does the price include tax?
constant 时常发生的 consist （of） 由……组成的 The committee consists of ten members.
contact 接触 contract 合同 contrast 对照 I’ve been trying to contact you all day. The poems contrasts youth and age.
content 内容, 满足的 context 上下文 contest 竞争, 比赛 comment评论 My apology seemed to content him.
Three candidates contested the leadership. I don’t feel I can comment on their decision.
contribute 捐献 distribute 分配
The writer personally contributed $5000 to the earthquake fund.
The organization distributed food and blankets to the earthquake victims. crayon 蜡笔 canyon 山谷 canoe 独木舟 credit 学分；赞扬；信贷；信任 create 创造 Scientists disagree about how the universe was created.
country n.国家;国土;农村;乡下 adj.乡村的 county n.县;郡
convince使确信 convention惯例 invention发明 You’ll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job. I’ve been trying to convince him to see a doctor.
costume服装 custom风俗 customs海关 customer顾客 cow 牛 crow 乌鸦 crown 王冠 clown 小丑 crop庄稼 drop 落下；水滴 The climber slipped and dropped to his death. curious好奇的 cautious小心谨慎的
cure 治愈 curl 卷发的 clue 线索 This is a serious illness, but it can be cured.
D
dairy 牛奶厂 diary 日记
dawn n.黎明 down adv.向下;下降;(写)下;(记)下;prep. 沿着;顺着 adj.沮丧的;情绪低落的 definite 不定的 infinite 无限的
dessert n.甜点 desert n.沙漠 v.抛弃 She was deserted by her husband.
deed行动；事迹 seed种子 indeed的确
dine 吃饭 diner 吃饭人 dinning n. 吃饭 dinner 晚饭 disability 残疾 inability 没能力 diver潜水者 driver驾驶者
E
error 错误 terror恐惧；惊恐
expect 期望 respect 尊敬 aspect 方面 inspect 视察 suspect 怀疑 You can’t expect to learn a foreign language in a few months. Public health officials were called in to inspect the buildings. She had always been honest with me, and I respect her for that. The drug is suspected of causing over 200 deaths.
expand 扩张 expend 花费 extend 延长 Metals expand when they are heated.
She expended all her efforts on the care of home and children. There are plans to extend the no-smoking area.
explode爆炸 explore 探索 expose 暴露；揭露 Bombs were exploding all around the city. The city is best explored on foot.
He smiled suddenly, exposing a set of white teeth. export出口 import进口 extra 额外的 exact 准确的 extensive 广泛的 intensive 深刻的 event 事件；（体育）项目 even 甚至 ever 曾经
F
form 表格 from 从…… firm 公司(n.);稳定的(adj.) inform 通知 uniform 制服 Please inform us of any changes of address.
freedom 自由 kingdom 王国 wisdom 智慧 frequent频繁的 fluent流利的 influence 影响 His writings have influenced the lives of millions.
fist拳头 list 单子；列清单
fall v.落下;跌倒;倒台;n.秋天;降落;沦陷;衰亡 full adj.满的;饱的;十足的 Several of the books had fallen onto the floor. flame 火焰 blame 责备；过失
flavour 味道;风味;特点 flour面粉 flower 花;花卉 floor 地板 flood 洪水 blood 流血；鲜血 furniture 家具 furnished 带家具的
G
gasp 上气不接下气 grasp 抓住
I gasped as I jumped into the cold river. I grasped the main point of the speech.
glide 滑翔 slide 使滑行 slip 跌落
The swans glide gracefully over the lake.(天鹅在湖的上空优美地滑翔。) We are to slide the box by pushing it.
I was unlucky to slip on a banana skin and fall over.
grow 成长 growl 咆哮 howl 狼叫
Plants cannot grow well in the absence of water.(没有水,植物就不能茁壮地生长。) The dog growled at me.
Somewhere a wolf suddenly howled. greet打招呼 great
伟大的
H
habitat 定居地 habit 习惯 hanger 钩子 hunger 饥饿
I
idle 空闲的 idol 偶像 inspect 检查；检阅 suspect 怀疑 The government sent him to inspect our school.
I suspect he was lying by the boy's abnormal behaviour.(从那个男孩的反常举动中,我怀疑他在撒谎。)
inspiration 灵感 *aspiration 渴望
instruction 指导 construction 建设 structure 结构 intend 计划；打算 pretend假装
I intended to catch the early train, but I didn't get up in time. She closed her eyes and pretended to be asleep.
J
jump 跳 pump 抽水（机）
He jumped to his feet and ran out of the office.（他跳了起来，跑出了办公室） They are pumping water out of the swimming pool.
L
laugh 大笑 rough 粗糙的 tough 困难的
later 后来 latter 后者 latest 最近的 lately adv. 最近 lie v.躺;位于;存在;说谎 n.谎言 liar n.撒谎者
like 喜欢 alike 像 unlike 不像 dislike 不喜欢 likely 可能的 unlikely 不可能的 I like movies, but I don't like Westerns.(我喜欢电影,但不喜欢西部牛仔片。)
At a distance he looks a bit like James Bond.(从远处看，他有点像詹姆斯·邦德。) We are much alike in character.(我们的性格很相似。)
注：like表示“像”的含义时是介词，alike表示“像”的含义时是形容词或副词。 literacy 识字 literary 文学的 literature 文学 literal 文字的 loose 松的 lose 丢失 loss n 损失 lost (lose过去式) loyal 忠实的 royal 王室的
M
majority大多数 minority少数
march 三月, 前进 match 比赛
mess脏或乱的状态 miss想念；错过 mask 面具 task 任务
metal 金属 mental 神经的 medal 勋章 model 模特 mission 使命 *emission 散发, 发射 mansion 大厦 monkey 猴子 donkey 驴
N
navigation 导航 investigation 调查
P
passage 短文；过道；船费 message 信息
patent 专利 potent 有力的 potential 潜在的 pear 梨 pearl 珍珠
personnel 人事 personal 个人的 personality 个性，品格 phrase 短语 phase 阶段
poem 诗;诗歌 poet 诗人 poetry 诗歌(总称) police 警察 policy 政策 politics 政治 pollution 污染 population 人口 pirate海盗 private私人的 pray 祈祷 prey 猎物
preserve保存；保护 reserve预定；保留 deserve 应得；应受 It is highly important to preserve the environment. I have reserved a table at the restaurant. You deserve a reward for being so helpful.
press v./.n.按;压;挤;催促;逼迫 n.出版社;印刷厂;报刊新闻业;新闻界;新闻媒体
impress 留下印象 depress 使沮丧 suppress 镇压 oppress 压迫 Press this button in case of fire.
What impressed him most was their speed. The rainy days always depress me.
All these movements were suppressed by the local government. The king oppressed his people with terrible taxes and punishments.（国王以苛捐杂税和严刑来压迫人民。）
principal 校长, 主要的 principle 原则
prove 证明 proof 证据 approve 支持；赞同 He proved his courage in the battle.
This fact is too evident to require proof.(这事实很明显, 用不着证明。)
The city council approved the building plan.(市议会批准了这项建筑计划。) prospect 前景 perspective 透视法 protest 抗议 protect 保护 We should protect our environment.
purpose 目的 suppose 假设；理应 propose 建议 Suppose that you have one million dollars-- What would you do? The college years are supposed to be a great move. The report proposes extending motorways. place 地方（n.） 放置（vt） palace 宫殿
He placed his fingers on the piano keys.
Q
quite 相当 quiet 安静的
R
radio 无线电 radium 镭
rank等级；军衔；分等级 bank银行；河岸 band乐队 They rank Lang Lang as a first-class pianist.
rare 稀少的 fare 费用 dare 敢；敢于 Let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream. remain 保持；仍然是；留待 remind 提醒 Many of his songs have remained popular as ever .
I never see what has been done; I only see what remains to be done. We put up a board to remind people to protect the trees.
refer 参考；提到 prefer 更喜欢 infer推断；推论 While giving the English speech, one is not allowed to refer to the notes. Some people prefer to do almost everything over the Internet. I inferred the fact from the news.
reject 拒绝 inject 注射 infect 感染 His suggestion was rejected again.
They refuse to inject any more money into the industry.
Officials say that few patients are infected with the virus owing to the effective prevention. respond 回复 responsibility 责任
Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. represent代表 present 提出；呈现；现在的；当前的；礼物 He will take part in the Olympic Games, representing our country. We presented three options to the Students’ Union for discussion. rip 撕破 ripe成熟的 I’ve ripped my trousers.
S
scare 惊吓 scarce 缺乏的 The thunder scared the children.
scene n.一场;现场;情景;景色 scenery n.风景;景色 scream v./n.尖叫 stream n.小溪;小河 ;人流 She screamed, grabbing her purse and the keys.
search 寻找；搜寻 research 研究；调查
I searched the Internet for the train schedule and some hotel information. Doctors have been researching that question. select 选择 elect 选举
He had hopes of being selected for the national team. They elected Smith (as) mayor.
serve 服务 severe 严峻的；严厉的 several 几个；若干 As students, there are many ways in which you can serve the community. shape 形状 shade 荫；阴凉处 sharp 锋利的； 陡峭的 signal 信号 single 单一的
sign n.符号;指示牌;标记;示意;手势 v.签字;示意 sigh n./v.叹气 The two sides signed an agreement yesterday.
She sighed with relief when she heard the good news.
sight n. 视力;看见;景象;景点 slight adj.轻微的
sip小口喝；抿 dip蘸；浸 lip嘴唇 tip尖端；提示；小费 Dip your fingers in to see how hot the water is . skill n.技艺;技巧 skull n.头骨;颅骨
slap 掌击 pat 轻拍 tap 轻打 rap 敲，打 People slapped me on the back after teh fight.
She patted the child on the head as a sign of affection. I tap my feet and sing along with him. He rapped at the door.
slim 苗条的 skim 略读
He skimmed over the list, looking for his name .
slide滑行 glide滑翔;滑动 slip跌落 I saw a man sliding on a banana skin. Be careful! Don’t slip on the wet floor. Silently the boat glided past.
socks 短袜 stockings 长筒袜
source 水源 sauce 酱油 resource 资源 soil土壤 oil油；石油 fossil化石 statue 雕塑 status 社会地位 steal 偷 steel 钢
I’m terribly sad because my new bicycle was stolen yesterday. story 故事 storey 楼层 store 商店 strike 打；敲响；突然降临；突然想到; 罢工
stick （to） 坚持 strict 严格的
She was practicing surfing when a shark struck. Once he made a promise, he would stick to it.
suppose 设想 support 支持 No matter what you want to do, I’ll support you.
suit一套衣服 suite 一宾馆套房 sweet adj.甜美的;新鲜的;好心的 n.糖果;甜食
sweat n.汗;辛苦的工作 v.出汗 sweater 毛衣 He is sweating all over.
T
table 桌子 tablet 药片 tax 税 taxi 出租 tense 时态 **intensive 加强的
thought v.(think过去时/过去分词) n.思想 ; through prep.穿过;通过; though conj.尽管 adv.可是;然而 ; thorough adj.彻底的;完全的 treasure 宝藏 measure 测量;量度为 The room measures 10 meters across.
trip 旅行 stripe 条纹 strip 条
U/V/W/Y
unite 联合 unit 单元
The two parties have united to form a coalition. vast巨大的；辽阔的 vase花瓶 vacation 假期 vocation 职业 victim 受害者 victory 胜利 vision 视觉 version 译本
wander v. 徘徊;漫游;闲逛 wonder v.琢磨;想知道 n.奇迹 I wonder whether they will arrive on time. I enjoy wandering in a strange town. widow 寡妇 window 窗户 wild 野生的；狂热的 wide 宽的 wheel 轮子；方向盘 wheat 小麦 yawn打哈欠 dawn清晨 His speech made the audience yawn.
专题03 新课标词汇表中形近词辨析（晨读版）-2021年新高考英语实用词汇短语百日冲刺通关必刷题 - 图文
