中考一轮复习 S(二)开头词汇
（一）（讲义） ??以字母 S 开头的单词 形容词 small /sm??l/ adj. 小的，少的；年幼的
short /???t/ adj. 矮的；短的
be short of 短缺
I’m a little short of money this month. 这个月手头有点紧。 be short for… 是……的缩写/简称
Jo is short for Joanna. 乔是乔安娜的简称。 straight /stre?t/
adj. 直的；坦诚的，直率的
a boat sailing in a straight line 直线航行的船 long straight hair 又长又直的头发
a straight answer to a straight question 问得直率，答得坦诚 It’s time for some straight talking. 现在该开诚布公地谈谈了。 adv. 笔直地；直接，径直，立即；坦率地
He was too tired to walk straight. 他累得走都走不直了。 Come straight home after school. 放学后直接回家来。
I told him straight that I didn’t like him. 我坦率地告诉他说我不喜欢他。 strong /str??/
adj. 强壮的；坚固的；强烈的；坚强的
a strong wind 大风 smart /smɑ?t/
adj. 聪明伶俐的；衣着讲究的，光鲜的；时髦人物的；快速敏捷的She’s smarter than her brother. They were wearing their smartest clothes. He set off at a smart pace. silly /'s?l?/
adj. 傻的，愚蠢的 stupid /'stju?p?d/
adj. 愚蠢的；笨的
slow /sl??/
adj. 慢的；慢吞吞的(不乐意)；迟钝的
Progress was slower than expected. 进展比预计的缓慢。 adv. 慢速地；缓慢地近义
词：slowly Drive slow!
v. (使)放慢，减缓，松劲
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slow down 放慢速度；松劲
Slow down a bit (=work less hard), or you’ll make yourself ill. slowly /'sl??li/ adv. 慢速地；缓慢地 Could you speak more slowly? strict /str?kt/ adj. 严格的；严厉的
be strict with sb. in sth. 在某事方面对某人要求严格 serious /'s??r??s/ adj. 严重的；严肃的；认真的
be serious about (doing) sth.
Is she serious about wanting to sell the
house? seriously adv. 严重地；严肃地；认真地
take sb./sth. seriously 认真对待某人或某物
strange /stre?n(d)?/ adj. 奇怪的，奇特的；陌生的
…strange to sb. 某人对……感到陌生
At first the place was strange to me. 起先我对这个地方不熟悉。
stranger /'stre?n(d)??/ n. 陌生人；外地人 shy /?a?/ adj. 害羞的 (shyer, shyest) shyly adv. 害羞地 shyness n. 害羞；腼腆 sad /s?d/ adj. 悲伤的；令人悲哀的，让人难过的
We are very sad to hear that you are leaving. We had some sad news yesterday.
sad to say 很遗憾；很可惜 (=unfortunately)
Sad to say, we never found them.
sadness n. 悲哀，悲伤 sadly /'s?dl?/ adv. 伤心地，悲伤地；不幸地，遗憾地
She shook her head sadly.
Sadly, after eight years marriage they had grown apart.
不幸的是，结婚八年后，他们的感情日渐淡漠了。
sorry /'s?r?/ adj. 惭愧的，抱歉的；难过的，感到惋惜的；后悔的，懊悔的be sorry that… 歉意；同情、惋惜
I’m sorry that I missed your birthday. I’m sorry that your husband lost his job.
be sorry to hear/learn/see 很难过……
We’re sorry to hear that your father’s in hospital again. be/feel sorry for sb. 同情；怜悯
I feel sorry for anyone who has to drive in this sort of weather. 我很同情在这种天气状况下还得开车的人。 feel sorry for yourself 感觉不幸；自我怜悯
Don’t be sorry for yourself. 别灰心失望。
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scared /ske?d/ adj. 惊慌的；吓坏的
scary adj. 令人惊慌的；吓人的 近义词：frightened 受惊的；害怕的 frightening 引起恐惧的；使惊恐的 shocked /??kt/ adj. 惊愕的；受震惊的
My parents were completely shocked! sick /s?k/ adj. 有病的；患病的；想呕吐的；对……厌倦的
sick & ill
She’s sick. 她生病了。 a sick woman 一个生病的女人
She’s ill. 她生病了。 an ill woman 一个坏女人 （ill 作定语时表示“坏的；不良的”）be sick of sb./(doing) sth. 厌倦某人或做某事
I’m sick of listening to them argue all the time. the sick 病人 homesick adj. 思乡的 seasick adj. 晕船的 sunburned /'s?nb??(r)nd/ adj. 晒伤的 sore /s??/ adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的 have a sore throat 嗓子疼 sour /sa??/ adj. 酸的；酸臭的
sour apples 酸苹果 turn/go sour 馊了 sweet /swi?t/
n. 甜食，甜点；糖果；亲爱的
Would you like some more sweet? 你想再吃点甜食吗？ adj. 甜的；可爱的；和蔼的；新鲜的
have a sweet tooth 爱吃甜食 soft /s?ft/ adj. 软的；柔和的
quiet and soft music 轻柔的音乐 smooth /smu?e/ adj. 光滑的；平坦的
as smooth as silk 十分柔软，光滑 solid /'s?l?d/ adj. 结实的；固体的
solid food 固体食物 n. 固体
Water changes from a liquid to a solid when it freezes. safe /se?f/ adj. 安全的
safe and sound 平安无恙
They arrived home safe and sound. safely adv. 安全地 n. 保险柜
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safety /'se?ft?/
n. 安全；无危险
in safety 毫无危险
We are in safety now. safety first 安全第一
(there’s) safety in numbers 人多保险；人多势众；人多胆壮simple /'s?mp(?)l/ adj. 简单的，容易的；简朴的，朴素的 simply /'s?mpl?/ adv. 仅仅；只；不过 近义词：just single /'s??g(?)l/ adj. 单一的，单个的；单身的；单人的
He sent her a single red rose. 他送给她一支红玫瑰。 Are you still single? 你还是单身吗？ a single/double room 单人/双人房 similar /'s?m?l?/ adj. 类似的；相像的
be similar to sb./sth. 和……很相似 senior /'si?n??/
adj. (级别、地位)较高的；年长的
senior high (school) 高中 n. 较……年长的人
She was ten years his senior. 她比他大十岁。
My brother is my senior by two years. 我哥哥比我大两岁。 special /'spe?(?)l/
adj. 特殊的，特别的；特价的
Take special care of it. 对这东西要特别细心。 n. 特别的东西，特殊的事物；特价
The menu changes regularly and there are daily specials to choose from. 菜谱定期更换，而且每天都有特色菜供选择。
There’s a special on coffee this week. 本周咖啡特价。 spare /spe?/
adj. 闲置的；备用的；空闲的，多余的
a spare bedroom 一间闲置的卧室
a spare key/bulb/battery/tyre 备用的钥匙/灯泡/电池/轮胎 in one’s spare time = in one’s free time 在某人空闲时间 v. 抽出；留出
We can only spare one room for you.
Surely you can spare me a few minutes? 你应该能为我空出几分钟时间吧？ sure /???/ adj. 确信；肯定
be sure to do sth. 一定；必定(会发生/会做/要做)
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The exhibition(展览) is sure to be popular. Be sure to call me up when you arrive.
be sure (about/of sth) / (that+句子) 对……有把握；确信
My parents want me to be a doctor, but I’m not sure about that. I’m sure that he will agree.
adv. 当然；(加强语气)的确，确实
“Will you open the wine?” “Sure, where is
it?” Texas sure was a great place to grow up.
make sure (of sth)/(that+句子) 确保……
They scored another goal and made sure of victory. 他们又进了一个球，这就赢定了。Just make sure (that) you try your best. for sure 无疑；肯定
I think he lives there but I couldn’t say for sure.
动词
start /stɑ?t/
v. 开始，着手；出发 to
start with 第一，首先；起初，开始时start to
do = start doing sth.
start out 启程，出发；开始从事，着手做
They started out from Beijing this morning. 他们今天上午从北京出发了。 He started out to write a novel. 他着手写一部长篇小说。
He started out on a new career.
stand /st?nd/ n. 站立；位于；忍受
stand up 站起来
stand for 代表；意味着
—The book’s written by T. C. Smith.
—What does the “T. C.” stand for?
stand out 突出，显眼；杰出 (outstanding adj. 突出的；杰出的) I
think black lettering will stand out best on a yellow sign. 我认为黄色标志上的黑色字体最醒目。
sit/s?t/
v. (sat, sat) 坐 sit down 坐下
sit-up n. 仰卧起坐
sleep /sli?p/
v. (slept, slept) 睡觉；入睡 She is sleeping.
n. 睡觉；睡眠
go to sleep 上床睡觉
fall / be asleep 熟睡；睡着
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（暑假一日一练）2020年中考英语一轮复习S（二）开头词汇（一）讲义
