11.living in 12.that one can 13.find out 14.how different 15.turns out 16.information 17.thought to be 18.from ourselves Ⅲ.Cloze
1. prevent 2.idea 3. of 4.no 5. stupid 6.how 7.accept 8.ability 9. be 10.incapable 11.of 12.who
13.make 14.because 15.He 16.necessary 17.won‘t 18.even 19.fail 20.in Ⅳ.Translation A
1. People are prone to be late for work when they have overworked the night before. 2. Mary found it difficult to orientate herself in a strange place. 3. The engineer gave a demonstration of how to use the computer.
4. Many universities provide an orientation course for freshmen at the first day of school. 5. The salesman tried every possible means to promote the sale of his company‘s products. 6. Prof. Leach demonstrated his knowledge of the subject by his excellent lecture. 7. Children are more prone to colds in the broken weather during the spring.
8. If excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater incentive. Translation B
People tend to think that university education makes a world of difference in a person‘s ability. This belief, however, cannot be reasonably applied to all the cases, quite simply because books are not the only approach to knowledge. History has seen many great people without university education at all. Obviously, failure in the national matriculation is never pleasurable, but accepted positively, it will surely contribute to your personal development in some other ways. It is important to resist the natural impulse to regard yourself as a failure.
Unit Two Going First Class
Ⅴ. Detailed Analysis of the Text:
1. The obvious connotation of the phrase ―going first class‖ is overspending or extravagance: The phrase ―going first class‖ clearly means spending more money than necessary or living luxuriously.
extravagance=extravagancy(n.) extravagantness (n.)
love one‘s kids with ~ (溺爱孩子) somebody‘s ~ with money (…的挥霍无度) extravagant (a.) be ~ in one‘s way of living (生活奢侈) ~ habits (挥霍的习惯) ~tastes (奢侈的爱好) make ~ claims (提出过分的要求) 2. …brings to your mind…: reminds you (or: you remember) bring /call to mind: be reminiscent of, remind…of…
e.g. All those boats brought the Venetian landscape to mind.
I know his name but I can‘t call it to mind. This brings to mind a story.
3. Going first class can, in many cases, build your image to help you accomplish what you are after in a more effective way:（在许多情况下，―上档次‖的做法能树立你的形象，帮助你更有效地实现你的志向。）
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To have the best, whether for traveling or living or working or whatever, can evoke a favorable impression on people, which can help you achieve what you try to get with a better result.
…extra mileage: …additional advantages（…许多好处） mileage: (n.) (infml) an amount of use, period of usefulness e.g. He was getting ~ out of this.
Do they think there‘s any ~ in my idea?
What is important, however, is not to pinch pennies by cutting down on the quality of the paper stock used for your cards: However, the important thing is that you ought not to reduce the quality of the paper used for your cards for the sake of saving money.
pinch: (v.) economize, spend only what is necessary (or even less), be careful in the spending of money. e.g. be ~ed for time /money/supplies
~every penny on food an economically ~ed country（财政拮据的国家） cut down (on): reduce, lesson, limit e.g. cut down on imports cut down (on) smoking and drinking
stock: (n.) supply, store, quantity: kind, type
e.g. The library has a total ~ of some 20 million books.
That store sold out a week‘s worth of ~ in a single day of panic buying.
If your preference is for the more expensive stock, then by all means order it: If you prefer to have the more expensive kind of paper, then surely buy it. by all means: certainly, without fail, feel free
e.g. ~ I must visit my old friends. May I have one apple? Yes, ~.
by no means: （决不，并没有） e.g. She is ~ thought to be a great writer. by any means（无论如何，不惜任何代价，用任何可能的方法） by some means or other （用某种方法） We must get it done ~.
I recommend that you take the same approach to ordering your stationery:
I advise you to adopt the same method when you decide to buy writing materials such as paper and envelopes.
recommend: (v.) suggest, advise e.g. I highly ~ you to follow your doctor‘s advice. The doctor may ~ limiting the amount of fat in your diet.
recommend + clause (the verb of that-clause ought to be the infinitive without ―to‖) e.g. I highly recommend that you do…
approach: (n.) way of handling, method, attitude e.g. two basic ~es to a problem He takes a more cynical ~.
In many cases the letter you send to your customer, like the business card the receptionist hands to your prospect in his office, will form his first image of you:
Very often the letter you send to your customer will give him the first impression of what kind of person you are, just as your business card the receptionist presents to a potential client of yours in his office does.
prospect: (n.) potential client, potential customer, a possible buyer of one‘s goods, candidate e.g. a college ~ （可能成为大学生的人） The car salesman talked to several ~s.
The extra penny or two that it costs to have the best is well worthwhile,… It is worth paying a bit more money to achieve the best result.
worthwhile: (a.) live ~ lives(生活得有意义) a ~ undertaking (一件值得做的工作) achieve a very ~ result (取得非常有价值的成果)
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10. go for: (phr., infml) favor, support, like, approve of… e.g. The public goes for his ideas.（公众支持他的意见）
go for a doctor（去请…） go for some milk（去买/取…） I‘ll go for that job if I were you.（争取/试图得到）
11. … is really quite incidental.:… is actually a very small amount of money. incidental: (adj.) minor, secondary, subordinate…
e.g. an ~ remark（附带的话） ~ advertisements（附在书首/末的广告） ~ expenses（杂费） a profit ~ to regular wages（正常工资外的一份红利） an ~ meeting of an old friend on the street（…的邂逅） ~ music（配乐）
12. If you go along with the advice to purchase quality stationery and business cards, …: If you take my advice to buy quality paper and envelopes and get quality business cards.
go along with: accept, agree with e.g. I can‘t ~you on this point. He is always described as a madman, but I don‘t go along.
13. A clear, crispy typed letter is bound to create a favorable impression on your customers.: A clearly typed and succinct letter is sure to leave a good impression on your customers.
crisp: (adj.) succinct, terse e.g. a ~ reply（简明扼要的…） a ~ analysis（条理清楚的…） The speaker has a ~ style of delivery.（演讲者说话干净利落。）
be bound to: be sure to, be certain to; be determined to e.g. The plan is ~ to fail. He is ~ to refuse. He is ~ to go, and nothing could stop him.
14. By doing so, you will eliminate sloppy or blurred print.: By using either a typewriter with a carbon ribbon or one with a new ribbon, you will produce a decent-looking letter without making a mess.
sloppy: (adj., infml.) careless, messy, unclean, slipshod e.g. do a ~ job of something use ~ Japanese ~ thinking a ~ dresser
15. tangible: (adj.) concrete, solid e.g. ~ evidence（确凿的…） ~ assets（有形…）
bring few ~ benefits to the people in need（…实际优惠）
16. … or that you simply don‘t know any better.: … or that you really have no idea about how to do better.
know better: have more sense (than); not be so silly as (to do something)
e.g. You should ~ than to go running right after supper.（你应该知道…不该…）
He told me that he had never cheated me, but I knew better.（他告诉我…, 但我可不信） 17. Because both messages signal that you are a loser, your correspondence will be self-defeating.: Because the information conveyed by your poor-looking letter that you either can‘t afford to go first class or that you simply don‘t know any better shows to others that you are a failure. Your letter will fail to create a favorable impression of you and your company. Your image is totally destroyed by yourself.
18. … another winning-image tip…: … another piece of advice on how to create a good image in the eyes of others.
tip: (n.) advice, hint, clue e.g. Take my ~: do not… travel ~s for sb. on sth. 19. bonded paper (or: bond paper): a special kind of high quality paper for copying documents 20. Both are capable of producing copies that are difficult to distinguish from the original.: The copying machines produced both by the Xerox and IBM corporations are able to produce copies that are almost identical to the original copy.
distinguish (v.) e.g. ~ facts from rumors ~ right from wrong He was ~ed from the other boys by his height.
~ oneself（使杰出，使著名；使受人注意；使臭名昭著）
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We ~ sounds into high and low, soft and harsh, lively and grave. ~ing (a.) ~able (a.) ~ed (a.) 21. Photostats: (n.) (pl) photocopies
22. …, if your use is limited, the cost of the more expensive models may not be warranted.:
if you only need a few copies, it is not necessary to buy those very expensive copy machines, say, the Xerox and IBM copy machines.
warrant: (v.) call for, require, merit e.g. That does not ~ any anger.（那并不证明有理由…） A slight cold does not ~ your staying off work.（…不成为…的理由） Such actions ~ a severe punishment.（…理应受到…）
23. …, revising them as much as is necessary to convey your message in a coherent, concise, and clear manner.: …improving your letters as many times as is necessary until your message is clearly, briefly and coherently given.
24. This is especially important for those of you who deal with the public on a daily basis,…:
Dressing in a good taste is considered very important for those who often come into contact with people and make frequent appearances on public occasions. on a daily basis: happen everyday (or: very often)
25. Retailer: (n.) trader, seller retail (n.) sell goods at /by ~ retail (a.) the ~ price and the wholesale price retail (ad.) Do you buy wholesale or ~? retail (v.) keep a little shop and ~ tobacco retailment (n .) retailing (n.) 零售业 VII. Key to Exercises.
Study and Practice
Ⅲ. Vocabulary and Structure
A. Words and expressions for use:
1. accomplish 2. economize 3.cut down on 4. prospects 5. convey 6. extremes 7. correspondence 8. coordinate 9. by all means 10. tangible B. Structures for use:
a. 1. …as much luggage as was allowed. 2. …as much as is required of the class.
3.…as many tickets available as were expected. 4.…as remarkable a person as ever came here. 5.…as many books as are asked for. 6.…as long as was absolutely necessary.
b.
1. William prefers classical music to modern music, because the latter is too noisy and raucous. 2. I‘d prefer to spend to spend a week on an ocean liner rather than travel by air.
3. I prefer a motel to an expensive hotel because the latter might be far beyond my means. 1. John prefers his girlfriend to work in the same department as he does.
2. We prefer that the plan should be fully discussed before being put into execution. 3. The soldiers preferred death to surrender. Grammar Practice Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks with the correct form… 1. criticizing; to think 2. doing; to do
3. to stop; snoring; sleeping;
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4. being; being; to keep 5. to think; going
6. to be; modernizing/ to be modernized 7. smoking/ to smoke; to deteriorate 8. writing; posting 9. having had 10. standing
11. lending; paying Ⅱ. Reword the following sentences by using…
1. Helen suggests (us/our) going… 2. … I managed to get in…
3. Ken and I have arranged to meet… 4. I intend to get/ getting… 5. I strongly resent paying… 6. She happened to be staying…
7. …would involve (me/my) missing… 8. I keep telling him…
USE OF ENGLISH
Ⅱ. Word Formation
A. 1. the condition or period of time of being a man 2. the fact or degree of being likely 3. the state or period of being a widow
4. a condition or feeling of friendliness and companionship
5. a group of people and their homes forming a small area within a large place 6. the state of being hardy; boldness
B. 1. overtime 2. overloaded 3.overpopulated 4. overseas 5. overflowed 6. is overweight by two kilos Ⅲ. CLOZE
1---5. CDABD 6---10. DDAAB 11---15. DCCBD 16---20. DBACA Ⅳ. Translation A
1. He has a great deal of correspondence to deal with every afternoon. 2. I am ashamed of myself for being eliminated in the first round.
3. He has never liked coffee, and (has) always had a preference for a cup of tea.
4. The teacher asked the pupil to eliminate all the four-letter words from his composition. 5. Self-image has an important effect on a person‘s accomplishments.
6. Although he corresponded with many of the world‘s very important people, his stationery and envelopes were all bought at a very cheap price.
7. Were it left for me to decide whether to learn English or Japanese, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.
8. Chichester had done what he wanted to accomplish---to sail round the world single-handed.
Translation B
An office decorated with much taste is bound to create a favorable impression on people. In many cases, people spend a great deal of money decorating their offices, but the result can be unsatisfactory. As a matter of fact, the highest-priced or fanciest is not necessarily the best
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综合英语4册参考答案专升本英语专业
