第二章 烷烃作业参考答案
1、 共有九种:
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3CH3-CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3CH2CH3-CH-CH-CH2-CH3CH3CH3CH3CH3-C-CH2-CH2-CH3CH3CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH3CH3CH3-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3CH3CH3-CH-CH2-CH-CH3CH3CH3CH3-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2CH2-CH3CH3CH3-CCH3
CH-CH3CH3
2、(1)3-甲基戊烷 (2)2,5-二甲基-3,4-二乙基己烷
(3)2,2,3,4-四甲基戊烷 (4)2-甲基-5-乙基庚烷 (5)2-甲基-3-环丁基丁烷
(6)顺-1-甲基-3-乙基环戊烷(7)反-1-甲基-4-乙基环己烷 (8)1-甲基-4-乙基-3-叔丁基环己烷
3、(1) (2)
CH3CH3-C-CH2CH3CH3-CH-CH2-CH2-CH3CH3CH3
(3) (4)
CH2CH3CH3HC(CH3)3
CH3-CH-CH-CH-CH-CH3HCH3CH2CH3CH3
4、(1) (2)
CH3CH3CH3-C-CH-CH-CH3CH3-CH-C-CH2-CH3CH3-C-CH2-CH-CH3CH3CH2-CCH-CH3CH3CH3CH3CH3CH3CH3CH3
CH3CH3
5、(1)错。改为:2,2-二甲基丁烷
(2)错。改为:2,2,5-三甲基-4-乙基己烷 (3)正确 (4)错。改为:2,2-二甲基丁烷
6、(1)改为:
CH3HH3CHC2H5HCH3CH2CHCH2CH3
CH3
3-甲基戊烷
(2)
CH(CH3)2HH3CCH3HClClCH3-CH2-C-CH(CH)2CH3
2,3-二甲基2-氯丁烷
7、C1-C2旋转:
CHOH25HOHC2H5HOHHOHHHHHHHHHHHHC2H5HC2H5H
优势构象 C2-C3旋转:
H3CCH2OHHCH2OHCH3HCH2OHCH2OHHHHHHHHHHHHHCH3HCH3H
优势构象
8、(1) (2) (3)
CH3CH2CH2CH3CH2CH3OHCH2CH3CH(CH3)2
H3C
9、(1)>(2)>(3)>(4)
10、
CH3A:CH3-C-CH3CH3B:CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3C:CH3-CH-CH2-CH3CH3
11、 (4) > (3) > (1) >(2)
12、
CH3CH3CH2CH3CH3褪色:Br2水不褪色:CH3CH2CH3
14(1)
CH3HI
CH3-CH-CH2CH3I
(2)
C2H5CH3H2SO4CH2CH2CH3CH3-CH2-CCH3H2OCH2CH2CH3CH3-CH2-COHCH3OSO3H
第三章 烯烃 炔烃 二烯烃习题参考答案
1、(1)2-甲基-4-乙基-3-己烯 (2)(Z)-3-甲基-2-戊烯 (3)4-甲基-2-丙基-1-戊烯 (4)(Z)-4-甲基-3-庚烯 (5)2,2-二甲基-5-乙基-3-庚炔 (6)(E)-3-甲基-2-溴-2-戊烯 (7)(2Z,4Z)-3,5-二甲基-2,4-庚二烯 (8)3E-2,4-二甲基-1,3-己二烯
2、(1) (2) (3) (4)
(CH3)2C=CCH2CH3C=CHCH3 H3CClCH3CH2=C-CH=CH2
CH3 CH2=CH-CH2-CH=CH2
(5) (6)
H3CHC=CCH3CH2CH2CH3
H3CHHC=CC=CHCH3H
3、 (1)
CH3C=CCH3CH3Br2CCl4CH3CH3C-CHCH3BrBr
(2)
CH3-C=CH-CH3CH3Br2 / H2OCH3CH3-CCH-CH3OHBr+CH3CH3-CCH-CH3BrBr