环境科学与工程专业词汇
包括环境学总论、环境地学、环境生物学、环境化学、环境物理学、环境工程学、环境医学、环境经济学、环境管理学、环境法学、环境教育等11大类。
环境学总论
原生环境primary environment 次生环境secondary environment 生态示范区ecological
demonstrate area 环境地质学environmental
geology
环境地球化学environmental geo-chemistry
环境土壤学environmental soil science
环境微生物学environmental microbiology
环境危机environmental crisis 环
境
保
护
environmental protection 环
境
预
测
environmental
forecasting 环
境
自
净
environmental
self-purification
环境效应environmental effect 环境容量environmental capacity 环境演化evolution of
environment 环境舒适度environmental comfort
环境背景值(本底值)environmental background value 环境保护产业(环保产业)environmental production industry
环境壁垒(绿色壁垒)environmental barrier 绿色革命green revolution 可持续发展
sustainable development
第三类环境问题(社会环境问题)
the third environmental problem 悬浮物suspended solids
一次污染物primary pollutant 二次污染物secondary pollutant 全球性污染global pollution 排污收费pollution charge 可再生资源renewable resources 不可再生资源non-renewable resources
自然保护区natural reserve area 防护林protection forest 公害public nuisance 矿山公害mining nuisance 工业废水industrial wastewater 矿山废水mining drainage 生活饮用水domestic potable water
草原退化grassland degeneration 沙漠化desertification 人口压力population pressure 人口净增率rate of population 全球环境监测系统global environment monitoring system GEMS
中国环境保护工作方针Chinese policy protection
“三同时”原则principle of “the three at the same time” 二恶英公害dioxin nuisance 马斯河谷烟雾事件disaster in Meuse Valley
多诺拉烟雾事件disaster in Donora
伦敦烟雾事件disaster in London 水俣病事件minamata disease incident
骨痛病事件itai-itai disaster incident
洛杉矶光化学烟雾事件Los Angeles episode
四日市哮喘事件Yokkaichi asthma episode 米糠油事件incident
Yusho disease
photochemical
smog
for
environment
环境地学
水圈hydrosphere
水循环water circulation 地表水surface water 水位water level 下渗(入渗)sinking 蒸发evaporation
最高水位highest water level 冲刷washout 含水层aquifer
隔水层(不透水层)aquiclude 透水层permeable stratum 层间水interlayer water
承压水(有压层间水)confined water 或 自流水artesian water
孔隙水void water
岩溶水(喀斯特水)karst water 径流runoff flow 地表径流land runoff 地下水groundwater
流域保护water basin protection 淡水fresh water 咸水saltwater
最低水位lowest water level 平均水位average water level 警戒水位warning water level 流速flow velocity 流量discharge 洪水期flood season 枯水期low-water season降水precipitation沉淀 降水量amount of precipitation 降水强度intensity of
precipitation
水环境容量carrying capacity of water environment
水土流失(土壤侵蚀)soil and water loss
点源污染point source pollution 面源污染non-point source
pollution 扩散diffusion 涡流eddy current 涡流扩散eddy diffusion 富营养化废水eutrophic
waste-water