高考英语语法知识点专题复习—名词性从句
名词性从句---基础及提高篇
(一)名词性从句的结构和功能:
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。名词性从句主要有四种从句结构:以that引导的从句;以whether/ if引导的从句,以特殊疑问词引导的从句;以what或wh-ever等连接代词引导的名词性关系从句。此外,as if/ as though也可引导表语从句。具体用法见下表:
(二)名词性从句的连接词:
引导名词性从句的连接词有:从属连词、连接代词和连接副词。
1. 从属连词:that(本身无意义),whether(是否),if(是否)。只起连接作用,在从句中不作任何成分。
2. 连接代词:who, whom, whose, which, what, whatever, whoever等。它们除起连接作用外,还可在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语、表语等成分。
3. 连接副词:when(=the time when什么时候,何时),where(=the place where什么地方,何地),how(=the way that/in which怎样,以……方式,如何),why=the reason why为什么)。它们除起连接作用,还在从句中作状语。 温馨提示:
what与that引导名词性从句的区别:
1. what在名词性从句中可充当主语、宾语和表语,意义上相当于the thing(s) that,引导主语从句时,其谓语动词的单复数依句意而定。 e.g. What the lecturer said is very valuable. We wonder what he will do next.
2. that引导名词性从句不充当任何句子成分,只起连接作用,无任何意义。引导主语从句时,常用it作形式主语,谓语动词用单数,引导宾语从句时,常被省略。 e.g. That she will refuse the offer seems unlikely. I have found (that) all the tickets have been sold out. It is a pity that you missed such a fine talk.
(三)主语从句: 1. 主语从句的基本用法:
1) that引导的主语从句既可放在句首,也可放在句尾,that起连接作用,无词义,在从句中不作成分,一般不能省略。
e.g. That we are invited to a concert this evening is good news to us. =It is good news to us that we are invited to a concert this evening.
2) whether引导的主语从句可放在句首,也可放在句尾;if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾,前面需要it作形式主语。whether/ if 起连接作用,“是否”,在从句中不作成分。
e.g. Whether he will go there or not is not clear. It is doubtful whether/ if the work can be completed. 3) wh-类连接词引导的主语从句:
wh-类连接词包括wh-类的连接代词(who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等)和连接副词(when, where, how, why, whenever,
高考英语语法知识点专题复习—名词性从句



