information . The modem communication industry influences the way people live in society and broadens their horizons by allowing access to information, education and entertainment. The printing, broadcasting and advertising industries are all involved with informing, educating and entertaining.
Although a great deal of the material communicated by the mass media is very valuable to the individual and to the society of which he is a part, the vast modem network of communications is open to abuse. However, the mass media are with us for better, for worse, and there is no turning back.
61. In the first paragraph the writer emphasizes the___ of face-t o-face contact in social settings.
A. nature B. limitation C. usefulness D. creativity 62. It is implied in the passage that___.
A. local news used to be the only source of information. B. local news still takes a significant place. C. national news is becoming more popular.
D. international news is the fastest transmitted news. 63. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? A. To possess information used to be a privilege. B. Public libraries have replaced private libraries. C. Communication means more than transmission. D. Information influences ways of life and thinking.
64. From the last paragraph we can infer that the writer is___. A. indifferent to the harmful influence of the mass media B. happy about the drastic changes in the mass media C. pessimistic about the future of the mass media D. concerned about the wrong use of the mass media
TEXT B
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however, hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became general in the three centuries following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and 14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that, the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country.
British surnames fall mainly into four broad categories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it is true, will remain
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puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adapted or abbreviated; or artificial names .
In fact, over fifty per cent of genuine British surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belong to the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belong to this last group, and not to the first , had the family once had its home in the ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means “the son of Simon”, as might be expected.
Hundreds of occupational surnames are at once familiar to us, or at least recognizable after a little thought: Archer, Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of others are more obscure in their meanings an d testify to the amazing specialization in medieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are “Day”, (Old English for breadmaker) and “Walker” (a fuller whose job it was to clean and thicken newly made cloth).
All these vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names often lack. Some, it is true, like “Long”, “Short” or “Little”, are simple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking: their meanings are slightly different from the modem ones. “Black” and “White ” implied dark and fair respectively. “Sharp” meant genuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.
Place-names have a lasting interest since there is hardly a town or village in all England that has not at some time given its name to a family. They may be picturesque, even poetical; or they may be pedestrian, even trivial. Among the commoner names which survive with relatively little change from old-English times are “Milton”(middle enclosure) and “Hilton”(enclosure on a hill).
70. Surnames are said to be ___ in Anglo-Saxon England.
A. common B. vocational C. unusual D. descriptive
71.We learn from the first paragraph ___ for many years after the 13th and 14th centuries.
A. family names became descriptive and occupational B. people in some areas still had no surnames C. some people kept changing their surnames D. all family names became fixed in England 72. “Patronymic” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to “forme d
from ___.
A. the name of one’s father” B. the family occupation” C. one’s family home” D. one’s family history”
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73. Which of the following sentences is an opinion rather than a fact? A. hundreds of occupational names are at once familiar to us.
B. “Black” and “White” implied “dark” and “fair” respectively. C. Vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity. D. Every place in England has given its name to a family.
TEXT C
Since the early 1930s, Swiss banks had prided themselves on their system of banking secrecy and numbered accounts. Over the years, they had successfully withstood every challenge to this system by their own government who, in turn, ha d been frequently urged by foreign governments to reveal information about the financial affairs to certain account holders. The result of this policy of secrecy was that a kind of mystique had grown up around Swiss banking. There was a widely-held belief that Switzerland was irresistible to wealthy foreigners, mainly because of its numbered accounts and bankers’ reluctance to ask awkward questions of depositors. Contributing to the mystique was the view, carefully propagated by the banks themselves, that if this secrecy was ever given up, foreigners would fall over themselves in the rush to withdraw money, and the Swiss banking system would virtually collapse overnight.
To many, therefore, it came like a bolt out of the blue, when, in 1977, the Swiss banks announced they had signed a pact with the Swiss National Bank (the Central Bank). The aim of the agreement was to prevent to improper use of the country’s bank secrecy laws, and its effect was to curb severely the system of secrecy.
The rules which the banks had agreed to observe made the opening of numbered accounts subject to much closer scrutiny than before. The banks would be required, if necessary, to identify the origin of foreign funds going into numbered and other accounts. The idea was to stop such accounts being used for dubious purposes. Also they agreed not to accept funds resulting from tax evasion or from crime.
The pact represented essentially a tightening up of banking rules. Although the banks agreed to end relations with clients whose identities were unclear or who were performing improper acts, they were still not obliged to inform on a client to anyone, including the Swiss government. To some extent, therefore, the principle of secrecy had been maintained. 74. Swiss banks took pride in___. A. the number of their accounts
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B. withholding client information C. being mysterious to the outsiders D. attracting wealthy foreign clients
75. According to the passage, the widely-held belief that Switzerland w as irresistible to wealthy foreigners was ___ by banks themselves.
A. denied B. criticized C. reviewed D. defended 76. In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that___.
A. complete changes had been introduced into Swiss banks B. Swiss banks could no longer keep client information
C. changes in the bank policies had been somewhat superficial D. more changes need to be considered and made
TEXT D
Coketown was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the smoke and the ashes had allowed it; but as matters stood it was a town of unnatural red and black like the painted face of a savage. It was a town of machinery an d tall chimneys, out of which smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever. It had a black canal in it, and a river that ran purple with ill-smelling dye, and vas t piles of buildings full of windows where there was a rattling and a trembling all day long, and where the piston of the steam-engine worked monotonously up an d down like the head of an elephant in a state of madness. The town contained several large streets all very like one another, and many small streets still more like one another, inhabited by people equally like one another.
A sunny midsummer day. There was such a thing sometimes, even in Coketown. Seen from a distance in such weather, Coketown lay covered in a haze of its own. You only knew the town was there, because you knew there could have been no such blotch upon the view without a town.
The streets were hot and dusty on the summer day, and the sun was so bright that it even shone through the haze over Coketown, and could not be looked at steadily. Workers emerged from low underground doorways into factory yards, and sat on posts and steps, wiping their faces and contemplating coals. The whole town see med to be frying in oil. There was a stifling smell of hot oil everywhere. The atmosphere of those places was like the breath of hell, and their inhabitants was ting with heat, toiled languidly in the desert. But no temperature made the mad elephants more mad or more sane. Their wearisome heads went up and down at the same rate, in hot weather and in cold, wet weather and dry fair weather and foul. The measured motion of their shadows
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on the walls, was the substitute Coketown had to show for the shadows of rustling woods; while for the summer hum of insects, it could offer all the year round, from the dawn of Monday to the night of Saturday, the whirr of shafts and wheels.
77. Which of the following adjectives is NOT appropriate to describe Coketown?
A. dull B. dirty C. noisy D. savage
78. From the passage we know that Coketown was mainly a(n) ___town . A. industrial B. agricultural C. residential D. commercial 79. Only ___ were not affected by weather.
A. the workmen B. the inhabitants
C. the steam-engines D. the rustling woods 80. Which is the author’s opinion of Coketown? A. Coketown should be replaced by woods. B. The town was seriously polluted. C. The town had too much oil in it.
D. The town’s atmosphere was traditional.
V. Error Correction. (10 points with each of 2 points)
Direction: There are five sentences in this section, each of them containing one mistake. Point it out and correct it.
81. If two theories are equal to their ability to account for a body of data, the A B
theory that does so with the smaller number of assumptions is to be C D preferred.
82. The committee adopted a resolution requiring the seven automakers selling A B the most cars in the state making 2 percent of those vehicles emissions-free C D by 1998.
83. As long as poor people, who in general are colored, are in conflict with A B
richer people, who in general are lighter skin, there’s going to be a constant C D racial conflict in the world.
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专升本模拟题（三） - 图文
