网络聊天工具Socket编程心得

网络聊天工具Socket编程心得

首先要了解TCP协议通信的流程： 1。服务器端首先创建服务器套接字

2。服务器套接字监听一个端口，等待客户端的请求 3。客户端创建一个客户端套接字 4。客户端向服务器发送请求 5。服务器确认与客户端的连接

6。客户端和服务器利用建立的连接进行通信 7。通信完毕后，客户端和服务器关闭各自的连接

Socket编程基础：

一。利用Socket建立服务器程序

1。创建一个服务器套接字，用IP地址和端口初始化服务器

IPAddress ipAddress = IPAddress.Parse(\

TcpListener listener = new TcpListener(ipAddress, 1234);

2。监听服务器端口

listener.Start();

3。确认与客户端的连接

Socket socket = listener.AcceptSocket();

4。取得客户端传送过来的信息

//将传送过来的信息存入字节数组中 byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; socket.Receive(buffer);

5。处理客户端的请求并回应客户端

string message = \

byte[] outbytes = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(message.ToCharArray()); socket.Send(outbytes, message.Length, 0);

6。断开客户端的连接，释放客户端连接

socket.Close();

7。关闭服务器，释放服务器连接

listener.Close();

二。利用Socket建立客户端程序 1。创建客户端套接字

TcpClient tcpClient = new TcpClient();

2。连接服务器

tcpClient.Connect(IPAddress.Parse(\

3。得到与服务器通信的流通道

NetworkStream stream = tcpClient.GetStream();

4。向服务器发送数据

string cmd = \

byte[] outbytes = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(cmd.ToCharArray()); stream.Write(outbytes, 0, outbytes.Length);

5。接收从服务器发回的数据

byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];

int len = stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);

string msg = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(buffer, 0, len);

6。断开连接

tcpClient.Close();

服务器端窗体ChatServer.cs: using System;

using System.Drawing; using System.Collections;

using System.ComponentModel; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.Data; using System.Net;

using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Threading;

namespace ChatServer

{

///

public class ChatServerForm : System.Windows.Forms.Form {

///

private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null; // The port

static int port = 1234;

private TcpListener listener; private Socket tmpSocket;

// The maximal clients the server can hold static int MaxNum = 100;

private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1; private System.Windows.Forms.Label label2; private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txtHost; private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txtPort; private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnStart; private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnExit; private System.Windows.Forms.Label label3;

private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox cmbCurUserList; private System.Windows.Forms.ListBox lstInfo; // The array clients is to save the online clients static ArrayList clients = new ArrayList();

public ChatServerForm() {

//

// Windows 窗体设计器支持所必需的 //

InitializeComponent();

//

// TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 调用后添加任何构造函数代码 // }

///

protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )

{

if( disposing ) {

if (components != null) {

components.Dispose(); } }

base.Dispose( disposing ); }

#region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码 ///

private void InitializeComponent() {

this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label(); this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label(); this.txtHost = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox(); this.txtPort = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox(); this.btnStart = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.btnExit = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.label3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();

this.cmbCurUserList = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox(); this.lstInfo = new System.Windows.Forms.ListBox(); this.SuspendLayout(); //

// label1 //

this.label1.AutoSize = true;

this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(32, 32); this.label1.Name = \

this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(54, 17); this.label1.TabIndex = 0; this.label1.Text = \主机号：\ //

// label2 //

this.label2.AutoSize = true;

this.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(32, 72); this.label2.Name = \

this.label2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(54, 17);

this.label2.TabIndex = 1; this.label2.Text = \端口号：\ //

// txtHost //

this.txtHost.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(96, 24); this.txtHost.Name = \

this.txtHost.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(128, 21); this.txtHost.TabIndex = 2; this.txtHost.Text = \ //

// txtPort //

this.txtPort.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(96, 64); this.txtPort.Name = \

this.txtPort.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(128, 21); this.txtPort.TabIndex = 3; this.txtPort.Text = \ //

// btnStart //

this.btnStart.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(256, 24); this.btnStart.Name = \ this.btnStart.TabIndex = 4; this.btnStart.Text = \启动\ this.btnStart.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnStart_Click); //

// btnExit //

this.btnExit.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(256, 64); this.btnExit.Name = \ this.btnExit.TabIndex = 5; this.btnExit.Text = \退出\

this.btnExit.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnExit_Click); //

// label3 //

this.label3.AutoSize = true;

this.label3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(24, 112); this.label3.Name = \

this.label3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(91, 17); this.label3.TabIndex = 6;

this.label3.Text = \当前在线用户：\