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基于单片机的温度控制器的设计
摘要
温度的检测与控制是工业生产过程中必不可少的程序之一，随着传感器在生产和生活中的更加广泛的应用，利用新型单总线式数字温度传感器实现对温度的测试与控制得到更快的开发势在必行，本文设计了一种基于AT89C51的温度检测及报警系统。该系统将温度传感器 DS18B20。通过模拟放大电路接在模数转化器ADC0809的输入端,然后将 ADC0809 的输出端接在控制器的一个端口上，就可以对传感器温度进行采集将采集到的温度值与设定值进行比较,并适当调节其温度。
本文从硬件电路的设计、软件设计两方面介绍了51单片机温度控制系统的设计思路，对硬件原理图和程序框图作了简单的描述，对设计的实现过程和调试过程也做了相应的说明.经实验测试表明,该系统测量精度高、抗干扰能力强、报警及时准确，具有一定的参考价值。
本课题主要对实现了双通道的温度自动控制系统的说明,并且系统设计和布线简单,结构紧凑,体积小,重量轻,抗干扰能力强,性价比高,扩展方便,实现一个主机对多个系统进行控制，解决了单个的主机对各个温控的对象进行控制显得资源浪费现象，有利于节约资源，在大型仓库，工厂，智能化建筑等领域的多点温度检测中有广阔的应用前景。 关键词:ADC0809;AT89C51; DS18B20; 温度控制
I
Design of temperature controller based on MCU
Abstract
Temperature detection and control is one of the indispensable in the process of industrial production process, as the sensor is more widely used in the production and life, using new type single bus digital temperature sensor for temperature test and control, it is imperative to get faster development, this paper designs a temperature detection and alarm system based on AT89C51. The system will be the temperature sensor DS18B20. Through analog amplifying circuit in the input end of the AD converter ADC0809, then to connect the output of the ADC0809 on one port of the controller, temperature sensor for acquisition, will be collected temperature comparing with set point, when less than set the upper limit of temperature, by opening the this paper, from two aspects of the design of , this paper introduces the 51 single chip microcomputer temperature control system design idea, the of the implementation process of the design and debug process also made the corresponding instructions. Through experimental tests show that the system is time accurately, reference value.
This topic is mainly to realize the automatic temperature control system of dual channel, and the system design and the wiring simple, compact structure, small volume, light weight, strong anti-interference ability, , implement a , which saves resources, in large warehouses, factories, the multipurpose temperature test of intelligent building and other fields prospects.
Key words: ADC0809; AT89C51; DS18B20 ; Temperature control
目录
引言 ............................................................................................................................................ 1 第一章 绪论 .............................................................................................................................. 2 1.1 课题的学术背景及研究意义 .......................................................................................... 2 1.2 课题在国内外的发展状况 .............................................................................................. 2 1.3 课题研究的主要内容 ...................................................................................................... 3 第2 章 温度控制器的设计方案 ............................................................................................. 3 2.1系统整体方案和结构....................................................................................................... 3 2.2系统方案的选择与说明 .................................................................................................. 4 2.2.1主机模块 .................................................................................................................... 4 2.2.2 显示模块 ................................................................................................................... 4 2.2.3 温度测量 ................................................................................................................... 5 第 3 章 温度控制器的硬件电路设计 .................................................................................... 5 3.1 51单片机的介绍与选择 .................................................................................................. 5 3.2温度传感器的介绍与选择 .............................................................................................. 8 3.2.1 DS18B20性能 ........................................................................................................... 8 3.2.2 DS18B20外形及引脚说明 ....................................................................................... 8 3.2.3 DS18B20接线原理图 ............................................................................................... 9 3.3 模数转换部分 .................................................................................................................. 9 3.3.1 模数转换技术 ........................................................................................................... 9 3.3.2显示模块电路 .......................................................................................................... 10 3.3.3供电系统电路 .......................................................................................................... 11 3.4报警电路 ......................................................................................................................... 11 3.4.1报警电路原理图 ...................................................................................................... 11 3.4.2报警电路说明 .......................................................................................................... 12 3.5时钟电路 ......................................................................................................................... 12 3.5.1时钟电路原理图 ...................................................................................................... 12 3.5.2时钟电路说明 .......................................................................................................... 13 3.6 复位电路 ........................................................................................................................ 13 3.6.1复位电路原理图 ...................................................................................................... 13 3.6.2复位电路说明 .......................................................................................................... 13 3.7按键电路 ......................................................................................................................... 14 3.7.1按键电路原理图 ...................................................................................................... 14 3.7.2按键电路说明 .......................................................................................................... 14 第4章 软件设计 .................................................................................................................... 14 4.1 软件组成 ........................................................................................................................ 15 4.2 主程序模块 .................................................................................................................... 15 4.3 数据采集模块 ................................................................................................................ 16 4.4 温度设置模块 ................................................................................................................ 18 第5章 结论与展望 ................................................................................................................ 19 致谢 .......................................................................................................................................... 20 参考文献 .................................................................................................................................. 20 附录 .......................................................................................................................................... 21
III
基于单片机的温度控制器的设计毕业设计
